{"id":54216,"date":"2026-11-12T14:32:09","date_gmt":"2026-11-12T09:32:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=54216"},"modified":"2026-11-10T14:40:57","modified_gmt":"2026-11-10T09:40:57","slug":"xizr-alayhissalom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=54216&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"XIZR ALAYHISSALOM"},"content":{"rendered":"

Inson zoti azaldan \u011fayb olamiga qiziqi\u015f bildirib kelgan va bu qiziqi\u015f tarix davomida \u00f6z ahamiyatini y\u00f6qotmagan. Mazkur qiziqi\u015fning tabiiy natijasi \u00f6laroq, \u011fayb olami hamda u bilan aloqadorligi ilgari surilgan \u015faxslar va siymolar haqida turli-tuman fikrlar, talqinlar va baholar bildirilgan hamda bu jarayon bugungi kunda ham davom etmoqda. Ayniqsa, \u011fayb olami bilan aloqador deb e\u02bctirof etilgan \u015faxs yoki \u015faxslarning \u00f6zlari ham k\u00f6zga k\u00f6rinmas, \u011faybiy mavjudot sifatida tasavvur qilini\u015fi insonlarning mazkur olamga b\u00f6lgan qiziqi\u015fini yanada orttirgan. Natijada insoniyat bu borada ba\u02bczan e\u02bctiqodiy jihatlarni ham qamrab olgan, turli qara\u015f va baholardan tarkib topgan nihoyatda boy ijtimoiy-madaniy merosni \u015fakllantirgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Diniy, \u015funingdek, tarixiy-madaniy adabiyotlarda \u011fayb olami bilan aloqador deb e\u02bctirof etilgan, haqida k\u00f6plab fikrlar bildirilgan va turli farazlar ilgari surilgan siymolardan biri \u2014 aksariyat ulamolar Xizr nomi bilan tanigan \u015faxsdir. Qur\u02bconi karimda keltirilgan bir qissadan ma\u02bclum b\u00f6lgan u\u015fbu \u015faxsning nomi mazkur qissada o\u00e7iq-oydin zikr etilmagan b\u00f6lsa-da, k\u00f6plab rivoyatlarda Xizr nomi bilan tilga olinadi. Biz ham tadqiqotimiz davomida u\u015fbu \u015faxsga i\u015fora qili\u015f maqsadida \u00f6rin-\u00f6rniga qarab \u00abXizr\u00bb, \u00abSolih banda\u00bb, \u00abDoni\u015fmand banda\u00bb yoki \u015fun\u00e7aki \u00abBanda\u00bb va \u00abAbd\u00bb iboralaridan foydalanamiz. Gap Kahf surasining 60-82-oyatlarida bayon qilingan, Muso alayhissalomning ayrim bilimlarni \u00f6rgani\u015f maqsadida u\u00e7ra\u015fgan mazkur \u015faxs bilan birgalikda safarga \u00e7iqi\u015fi va ularning bo\u015fidan ke\u00e7irgan voqealari haqidagi qissa xususida bormoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n

U\u015fbu qissa nafaqat Qur\u02bconi karimda, balki turli roviylar rivoyati orqali hadis manbalarimizda ham keltirilgan. Qissaning Qur\u02bconi karim va hadis kitoblaridagi bayonida Xizrning \u011faybiy bilimlarga ega ekaniga i\u015fora qiluv\u00e7i ayrim ifodalarning mavjudligi hamda keyingi davrlarda u\u015fbu ifodalarning turli\u00e7a talqin qilini\u015fi mazkur hadis va rivoyatlarni sanad hamda matn jihatidan tadqiq eti\u015f zaruratini yuzaga keltirdi. \u015eu bois tadqiqotimizda oyat va hadislar dalil qilib keltirilgan holda hanuz hayot ekani iddao qilinadigan Xizrning kimligi va mavjudligi, \u015funingdek, uning \u011faybni bili\u015f-bilmasligi masalasini tegi\u015fli hadis va rivoyatlar asosida \u00f6rgani\u015fga harakat qilamiz. Tadqiqot sohamiz taqozosiga k\u00f6ra, asosiy e\u02bctiborni hadis va rivoyatlarning sanad hamda matn tahliliga qaratamiz.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abXizr va uning \u015faxsiyati\u00bb deb nomlangan birin\u00e7i bobda i\u015fimizga nazariy asos yarati\u015f maqsadida, avvalo, Xizrning \u015faxsiyati, ismi, mavjudligi, ya\u015fagan davri, hozirgi kunda ham hayot yoki hayot emasligi, islomdan oldingi e\u02bctiqodlardagi va islom tasavvufidagi \u00f6rni, \u015funingdek, madaniy-folklor jihatlariga oid turli manbalardan aniqlangan umumiy ma\u02bclumotlarni k\u00f6rib \u00e7iqdik. \u015eundan s\u00f6ng \u011fayb (k\u00f6rinmas olam), \u011faybiy bilim va uning \u00e7egaralari haqidagi qara\u015flar hamda baholarni tahlil qildik. Birin\u00e7i bobning yakunida esa Qur\u02bconi karimda \u00abXizr\u00bb ismi o\u00e7iq-oydin zikr etilmaganidan kelib \u00e7iqib, Muso alayhissalom va Xizr (Solih banda\/Doni\u015fmand banda) qissasi yuzasidan ayrim ilm ahllari bildirgan mulohazalarga \u00f6rin berdik.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ikkin\u00e7i bobda esa Xizrning \u011faybiy bilimlarga ega ekaniga i\u015fora qiluv\u00e7i ifodalarni \u00f6z i\u00e7iga olgan asosiy hadislarni, ular keltirilgan manbalarning islom ulamolari nazdidagi ilmiy qiymati va ahamiyatini ham e\u02bctiborga olgan holda, sanad va matn jihatidan tanqidiy tahlil qildik. Bu orqali Xizrning mazkur hadis manbalaridagi \u00f6rni, unga nisbat berilgan xususiyatlar hamda uning tarixiy-diniy voqeligini aniqla\u015fga harakat qildik.<\/span><\/p>\n

Avvalo, \u015funi ta\u02bckidla\u015f joizki, Xizr haqidagi rivoyatlarni \u00f6rgani\u015fda jam\u02bc, t\u00f6plam, zavoid, mustadrak va mustaxraj turidagi ikkilam\u00e7i manbalardan k\u00f6ra, hadis ilmining asosiy va e\u02bctiborli manbalarini asos qilib oli\u015fga harakat qildik. Zero, bar\u00e7a manbalarni qamrab olganimizda, ikkilam\u00e7i manbalar ham, asosan, birlam\u00e7i manbalarga tayangani sababli bir xil rivoyatlarning takrorlani\u015figa ortiq\u00e7a \u00f6rin beri\u015fimizga t\u00f6\u011fri kelar edi. \u015eunga qaramay, mavzuga aloqador rivoyatlarda muayyan farqlarni aniqlagan hollarda manba borasida \u00e7eklov q\u00f6ymasdan, tegi\u015fli asarga havola berdik.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bizga ma\u02bclum b\u00f6lgan manbalar doirasida u\u015fbu tadqiqotlarda tegi\u015fli hadis va rivoyatlar atrofli\u00e7a sanad va matn tanqidi asosida \u00f6rganilmagan, ayniqsa, Xizrning \u011faybiy bilimlarga ega b\u00f6li\u015fi masalasi batafsil tahlil qilinmagan. Biz ham imkoniyatlarimiz doirasida ana \u015fu ilmiy b\u00f6\u015fliqni t\u00f6ldiri\u015f va masalaning yanada oydinla\u015fi\u015figa hissa q\u00f6\u015fi\u015fga harakat qildik.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bo\u015fqa tomondan, diniy adabiyotlarda ham, tarixiy, madaniy va mifologik ma\u02bclumotlarni \u00f6rganuv\u00e7i manbalarda ham Xizr haqida, asosan, bir-birini takrorlaydigan k\u00f6plab ma\u02bclumotlar mavjudligini ta\u02bckidla\u015f mumkin. \u015eu bois tadqiqotimiz doirasini, asosan, Xizrning \u015faxsiyati va mavjudligi bilan bir qatorda, uning \u011faybiy bilimlardan voqif b\u00f6lgan-b\u00f6lmagani masalasiga bevosita aloqador rivoyatlar bilan \u00e7ekla\u015fni maqsadga muvofiq deb topdik. U\u015fbu rivoyatlarni esa u\u00e7ta asosiy hadis doirasida jamla\u015fga harakat qildik.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u015eu nuqtai nazardan, hadis manbalari sifatida Kutubi sittadan oldingi davrning ilk asarlaridan Humaydiyning \u00abMusnad\u00bb asarini; Kutubi sitta davriga mansub asarlardan Buxoriy va Muslimning \u00abSahih\u00bblarini, Ibn Mojaning \u00abSunan\u00bb asarini hamda Ahmad ibn Hanbalning \u00abMusnad\u00bbini asos qilib oldik. Kutubi sittadan keyingi davr manbalaridan esa birin\u00e7i va ikkin\u00e7i hadislar yuzasidan Abu Avonaning \u00abMusnad\u00bbi hamda Ibn Hibbonning \u00abSahih\u00bbidan, u\u00e7in\u00e7i hadis b\u00f6yi\u00e7a esa Bayhaqiyning \u00abSunan\u00bb asaridan foydalandik. Bulardan ta\u015fqari, tafsir, hadis \u015farhi, tabaqot, rijol tanqidi va matn tanqidiga oid asosiy manbalarga ham murojaat qildik.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u015euningdek, Xizr haqidagi ma\u02bclumot va mulohazalarni maxsus tarzda yoritgan ayrim tadqiqotlar ham asosiy murojaat manbalarimiz qatorida \u00f6rin oldi. Jumladan, Ibn Hajar Asqaloniyning \u00abAl-Isoba fi tamyizi-s-sahoba\u00bb asarining ikkin\u00e7i jildidagi 286\u2013335-betlar orali\u011fida joyla\u015fgan b\u00f6lim (mazkur sahifalar Salohiddin Maqbul Ahmad tomonidan \u00abAz-zahru-n-nodir fi holi-l-Xazir\u00bb nomi bilan na\u015frga tayyorlangan va 1988-yilda Yangi Dehlida \u00e7op etilgan), Ibn Qayyim Javziyaning \u00abAl-Manor al-munif fi-s-sahihi va-d-zaif\u00bb asari hamda s\u00f6nggi davrlarda arab tilida yozilib na\u015fr etilgan Muhammad Xayr Ramazon Yusufning \u00abAl-Xadir bayna-l-voqi\u02bc va-t-tahvil\u00bb nomli tadqiqotini alohida qayd eti\u015f mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

XIZR (AL-XADIR)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abXizr\u00bb nomining kelib \u00e7iqi\u015fi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Muso alayhissalom bilan u\u00e7ra\u015fgan va u zotga safar davomida hamrohlik qilgan \u015faxsning nomi sifatida \u00f6zbek tilida q\u00f6llaniladigan \u00abXizr\u00bb yoki \u00abXidr\u00bb s\u00f6zlarining arab manbalaridagi asl yozili\u015fi \u00abal-Xadiru\u00bb \u015faklidadir. \u00abXadr\u00bb va \u00abXidr\u00bb tarzida ham \u00f6qili\u015fi qayd etilgan u\u015fbu s\u00f6z, aslida, \u015faxsning ismi emas, balki mazkur \u015faxsni tavsifla\u015f u\u00e7un q\u00f6llaniladigan sifat ekani deyarli bar\u00e7a manbalarda ta\u02bckidlangan. T\u00f6\u011fri talaffuz \u00abHadr\u00bb yoki \u00abHidr\u00bb emas, balki \u00abal-Xadir\u00bb \u015faklida b\u00f6li\u015fi umumiy qabul qilingan qara\u015f hisoblanadi. \u015euningdek, \u00abal-Xadiru\u00bb s\u00f6zi \u00abya\u015fil\u00bb, \u00abya\u015fil \u015fox\u00bb yoki \u00ab\u00f6simliklar va k\u00f6katlar k\u00f6p b\u00f6lgan joy\u00bb ma\u02bcnolarini anglatuv\u00e7i \u00abal-Axdar\u00bb s\u00f6zi bilan bir xil ma\u02bcnoni ifodala\u015fi ma\u02bclum (Ibn Manzur. Lisonul arab. \u2013 B. 243).<\/span><\/p>\n

Arab manbalaridagi mazkur nomlani\u015f \u015fakllaridan qat\u02bci nazar, \u00abXizr\u00bb tarzida yozili\u015fi va talaffuz qilini\u015fi asarlarini turkiy tilda yozgan islom ulamolari tomonidan qabul qilingan an\u02bcanaga aylangan. \u015eu sababli biz ham tadqiqotimiz davomida u\u015fbu yozili\u015f \u015faklidan foydalanamiz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bo\u015fqa tomondan, manbalarda mazkur \u015faxsning \u00abHadir\u00bb deb nomlani\u015figa sabab b\u00f6lgan holatlar haqida ham turli ma\u02bclumotlar keltiriladi. Jumladan, Muso alayhissalom uni ilk bor k\u00f6rganlarida, u qurib qolgan \u00f6t-\u00f6lanlar ustida \u00f6tirgan b\u00f6lsa-da, atrofida ya\u015fil maysalar unib \u00e7iqa bo\u015flagani hamda u namoz \u00f6qigan joy atrofining bir zumda ya\u015fillikka burkanib ketgani kabi \u011fayrioddiy holatlar uning \u00abHadir\u00bb deb atali\u015figa sabab b\u00f6lgani aytiladi. \u015euningdek, ular ilk u\u00e7ra\u015fgan paytda uning egnida ya\u015fil libos b\u00f6lgani u\u00e7un unga Hadir nomi berilgani haqidagi qara\u015f ham u\u015fbu nomning kelib \u00e7iqi\u015figa oid izohlardan biridir (Termiziy. Tafsirul Qur\u02bcon, 18. J.5. \u2013 B. 313).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abXizr\u00bb nomining kelib \u00e7iqi\u015figa ba\u011fi\u015flangan mavzuni tadqiqotimizning keyingi bosqi\u00e7lari haqida muayyan tasavvur hosil qili\u015f maqsadida, uning ayrim xususiyatlarini ifodalov\u00e7i quyidagi mulohazalar bilan yakunlamoq\u00e7imiz:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abXalq orasida abadiylik \u015farbatini i\u00e7ib, mangu hayotga eri\u015fgan, har qanday zamon va makonda kutilmagan paytda paydo b\u00f6lib, insonlarga yordam beradigan, farovonlik va baraka keltiradigan mifologik siymo sifatida tasavvur qilinadigan \u015faxs. Xizr haqidagi tasavvur ayrimlar tomonidan Qur\u02bconi karimda Muso alayhissalom bilan safarga \u00e7iqqan hamda \u201cAlloh tomonidan berilgan ilm va rahmat sohibi\u201d ekani bayon qilingan \u015faxs bilan bo\u011fliq holda talqin qilinadi (Kahf, 65-oyat). Biroq Qur\u02bconi karimda nomi zikr etilmagan u\u015fbu \u015faxsning Xizr sifatidagi tasavvur bilan bevosita bo\u011fliq emasligi ayondir. Zero, Alloh taolo Qur\u02bconi karimda he\u00e7 kimga abadiy hayot berilmagani va bar\u00e7a jonzotlar \u00f6limni toti\u015fi muqarrar ekanini (Anbiyo, 34-35) o\u00e7iq-oydin bayon qilgan\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Davomi bor…<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Otabek MUHAMMADIYEV<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi <\/strong>katta ilmiy xodimi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Inson zoti azaldan \u011fayb olamiga qiziqi\u015f bildirib kelgan va bu qiziqi\u015f tarix davomida \u00f6z ahamiyatini y\u00f6qotmagan. Mazkur qiziqi\u015fning tabiiy natijasi \u00f6laroq, \u011fayb olami hamda u bilan aloqadorligi ilgari surilgan \u015faxslar va siymolar haqida turli-tuman fikrlar, talqinlar va baholar bildirilgan hamda bu jarayon bugungi kunda ham davom etmoqda. Ayniqsa, \u011fayb olami bilan aloqador deb e\u02bctirof etilgan …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":54217,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54216"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=54216"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54216\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":54218,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54216\/revisions\/54218"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/54217"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=54216"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=54216"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=54216"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}