{"id":54201,"date":"2026-11-11T15:00:39","date_gmt":"2026-11-11T10:00:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=54201"},"modified":"2026-11-09T17:35:37","modified_gmt":"2026-11-09T12:35:37","slug":"jamiyat-birdamligini-saqlasda-dinlar-va-millatlar-ortasidagi-bagrikenglikning-ahamiyati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=54201&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"JAMIYAT BIRDAMLIGINI SAQLA\u015eDA DINLAR VA MILLATLAR \u00d6RTASIDAGI BA\u011eRIKENGLIKNING AHAMIYATI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Insoniyat tarixi \u015funi k\u00f6rsatadiki, jamiyat taraqqiyoti, uning iqtisodiy va madaniy yuksali\u015fi birin\u00e7i navbatda \u00f6\u015fa jamiyatdagi ijtimoiy birdamlik, \u00f6zaro totuvlik hamda ba\u011frikenglik muhitiga bevosita bo\u011fliqdir. Jahon dinlari, ayniqsa, mukammal va sof Islom dini insonlarni tin\u00e7likka, sabr-toqatga, insoniy fazilatlarga amal qilib ya\u015fa\u015fga \u00e7aqirib kelgan. Islom ta\u02bclimotida zulmga qar\u015fi turi\u015f, adolatni qaror toptiri\u015f, insonlarning \u015fa\u02bcni, qadr-qimmati va haq-huquqlarini himoya qili\u015f asosiy tamoyillardan hisoblanadi. \u015eu bilan birga, bo\u015fqa e\u02bctiqod vakillariga nisbatan ba\u011frikenglik va ba\u011frikeng munosabatda b\u00f6li\u015f jamiyatdagi so\u011flom ma\u02bcnaviy muhitning garovidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bugungi kunda \u00d6zbekiston Respublikasida 40 milliondan ortiq aholi istiqomat qilib, ular orasida 130 dan ortiq millat va elat vakillari bor. Bu k\u00f6pmillatli jamiyatning tarkibiy tuzili\u015figa k\u00f6ra, aholining 94 foizidan ziyodi islom diniga e\u02bctiqod qiladi, 3,5 foizga yaqini pravoslav, qolgan qismi esa bo\u015fqa diniy konfessiyalar (katolik, protestant, iudaistik, buddaviylik va bo\u015fqalar) vakillaridan iboratdir. Ana \u015funday xilma-xil konfessiya va millatlarning bir oila farzandlaridek tin\u00e7-totuv ya\u015fa\u015fi mamlakatimizda yuritilayotgan oqilona siyosatning samarasidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dinlararo ba\u011frikenglikning islomiy-huquqiy va ma\u02bcnaviy asoslari. <\/strong>\u00d6zbekistonda fuqarolarning vijdon erkinligi va e\u02bctiqod erkinligi oliy darajada kafolatlangan. Jumladan, \u00d6zbekiston Respublikasi Konstitutsiyasining 35-moddasida: \u201cHamma u\u00e7un vijdon erkinligi kafolatlanadi. Har bir inson xohlagan diniga e\u02bctiqod qili\u015f yoki he\u00e7 qaysi dinga e\u02bctiqod qilmaslik huquqiga ega. Diniy qara\u015flarni majburan singdiri\u015fga y\u00f6l q\u00f6yilmaydi\u201d<\/em>, deb qat\u02bciy belgilab q\u00f6yilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bar\u00e7a ilohiy diniy ta\u02bclimotlar negizida ezgulik, solih amal, jamiyatga yax\u015filik ula\u015fi\u015f va insonparvarlik \u011foyalari yotadi. Islom dinining ba\u011frikenglikka oid ta\u02bclimoti juda keng va \u00e7uqur ma\u02bcnoga ega. Alloh taolo \u201cMumtahana\u201d surasida musulmonlarning \u00f6zga din vakillari bilan qanday munosabatda b\u00f6li\u015fi kerakligini o\u00e7iq-oydin bayon qilgan: \u201cDin t\u00f6\u011frisida sizlar bilan uru\u015fmagan va sizlarni \u00f6z yurtingizdan (haydab) \u00e7iqarmagan kimsalarga nisbatan yax\u015filik qili\u015fingiz va ularga adolatli b\u00f6li\u015fingizdan Alloh sizlarni qaytarmas. Albatta, Alloh adolatli ki\u015filarni suyadi\u201d<\/em> [4:8\/548].<\/span><\/p>\n

Buyuk mufassir Abu Lays Samarqandiy \u201cBahrul ulum\u201d nomli ma\u015fhur tafsirida u\u015fbu oyatni \u015farhlab: \u201cSizlar bilan dinda uru\u015f qilmagan \u00f6zga din vakillari bilan bordi-keldi qiling, ular bilan adolatli muomalada b\u00f6ling\u201d<\/em>, deb ta\u02bckidlaydi. \u015euningdek, Movarounnahrning yana bir buyuk mufassiri Abul Barakot Nasafiy \u00f6zining \u201cMadorikut tanzil\u201d asarida: \u201c\u00d6zga din vakillariga ehtirom k\u00f6rsating, ularga s\u00f6z va amalda yax\u015filik qiling\u201d<\/em>, deb yozadi. Bularning bar\u00e7asi Islom dini nafaqat musulmonlar \u00f6rtasida, balki butun insoniyat bilan tin\u00e7lik va adolat asosida muloqot qili\u015fni talab eti\u015fini isbotlaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pay\u011fambarimiz Muhammad sollallohu alayhi vasallam \u00f6z hadislarida bo\u015fqa din vakillarining huquqlarini himoya qilib, quyidagi\u00e7a ogohlantirganlar: \u201cKim \u011fayridinni haqorat qilsa, qiyomat kuni \u00f6tdan yasalgan qam\u00e7i bilan uriladi\u201d<\/em> [1:6543].<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu hadis bo\u015fqa din vakillarini kamsitmaslik, ularga nisbatan hurmat bilan munosabatda b\u00f6li\u015f Islom axloqining ajralmas qismi ekanligini k\u00f6rsatadi. \u015euningdek, \u201cAnkabut\u201d surasida Alloh taolo bunday marhamat qiladi: \u201cSizlar ahli kitoblar bilan faqat \u00e7iroyli uslubda munozara qilingiz\u201d<\/em> [4:395].<\/span><\/p>\n

Islomda insonning iymoni va ma\u02bcnaviy kamoloti uning ba\u011frikengligi bilan \u00f6l\u00e7anadi. Pay\u011fambarimiz (s.a.v.) bo\u015fqa bir hadislarida: \u201cImonning afzali \u2013 sabr va ba\u011frikenglikdir\u201d<\/em>, deb ta\u02bckidlaganlar [2:335].<\/span><\/p>\n

Tarixiy manbalar va an\u02bcanalarda ba\u011frikenglik muhiti. <\/strong>Markaziy Osiyo, xususan, \u00d6zbekiston zaminida asrlar davomida turli sivilizatsiyalar, din va madaniyatlar tin\u00e7-totuv ya\u015fab kelgan. Tarixiy manbalar \u015fundan dalolat beradiki, bu hududda Islom dini kirib kelgunga qadar ham, undan keyin ham diniy ba\u011frikenglik yuqori darajada b\u00f6lgan. Jumladan, Buxoro yahudiylari jamoasi vakillaridan biri R.Beneman bu \u015faharda dastlabki sinagoga VIII asrdayoq qurilganini ta\u02bckidlab, quyidagilarni qayd etgan: \u201c\u00d6rta asr Yevropasi va Vizantiya imperiyasida ta\u02bcqib va quv\u011fin qilingan yahudiylik Markaziy Osiyoda bo\u015fqa dinlar bilan bir xil huquqqa ega edi\u201d<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

XV asr bo\u015flarida Sohibqiron Amir Temur saroyiga ta\u015frif buyurgan Kastiliya el\u00e7isi Rui Gonsales de Klavixo \u00f6z xotiralarida \u015funday yozadi: \u201cSohibqiron Temur Samarqandda turli din vakillarini yi\u011fib, ularga iltifot k\u00f6rsatadi. Nasroniylikka e\u02bctiqod qiluv\u00e7i mehmonlar u\u00e7un alohida mas\u02bcul \u015faxs tayinlaydi. Bundan maqsad \u2013 ular bilan d\u00f6stona va mustahkam aloqalarni \u00f6rnati\u015fdir\u201d<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu kabi tarixiy misollar ajdodlarimiz diniy va milliy rang-baranglikni boylik sifatida qadrlaganini va jamiyat barqarorligini ta\u02bcminla\u015fda ba\u011frikenglikni bo\u015f mezon deb bilganini yaqqol k\u00f6rsatadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Jahon dinlari va falsafiy ta\u02bclimotlarda umuminsoniy qadriyatlar. <\/strong>Konfessiyalararo ba\u011frikenglik nafaqat dindorlarning tor doiradagi munosabati, balki butun jamiyat a\u02bczolarining ezgulik y\u00f6lidagi hamkorligini anglatadi. Zero, bu bugungi globalla\u015fuv davrida tin\u00e7lik va barqarorlikning eng muhim \u015fartidir. \u00d6zbekistonda noislomiy konfessiyalarga mansub diniy ta\u015fkilotlar va ibodatxonalar erkin faoliyat yuritmoqda. Poytaxtimiz va bo\u015fqa viloyatlarda masjidlar, pravoslav \u00e7erkovlari, sinagogalar va bo\u015fqa ibodatxonalarning yonma-yon joyla\u015fgani hammamiz u\u00e7un oddiy holatga aylangan b\u00f6lib, bu mamlakatimizdagi haqiqiy diniy ba\u011frikenglikning amaliy tasdi\u011fidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dunyodagi bar\u00e7a ilohiy va an\u02bcanaviy dinlar insoniyatni ezgu i\u015f, ilm-ma\u02bcrifat, yuksak xulq va odobga \u00e7aqirib, jaholat va buzuqliklardan qaytargan. Jumladan, Islomda farzand tarbiyasi haqida s\u00f6z borganda, Rasululloh (s.a.v.): \u201cOta-ona \u00f6z farzandiga \u00e7iroyli xulqdan k\u00f6ra afzalroq narsa taqdim qilolmaydi\u201d<\/em>, deganlar [1:700].<\/span><\/p>\n

Bunday ezgu \u00e7aqiriqlarni bo\u015fqa dinlarning muqaddas manbalarida ham k\u00f6ri\u015f mumkin. Xususan, Xristian dinining muqaddas manbai b\u00f6lgan Injil kitobida Iso alayhissalom \u00f6z izdo\u015flariga \u015funday murojaat qilgani keltiriladi: \u201cDu\u015fmanlaringizni sevinglar… sizga jabr-zulm \u00f6tkazganlarning haqqiga ibodat qilinglar…\u201d<\/em> [8:5\/44]; yoki bo\u015fqa bir \u00f6rinda: \u201cBir \u00e7akkangga urganga ikkin\u00e7isini ham tut\u201d<\/em> [7:6\/29].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u015euningdek, Bibliyada: \u201c…rahm qilganlar, rahm topadilar, …tin\u00e7likparvarlar najot topadilar, …bar\u00e7a insonlar bilan tin\u00e7-totuv b\u00f6linglar\u201d<\/em> [3:3\/6], deb uqtiriladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Buddaviylik falsafasida ham ba\u011frikenglik va qalb sofligi ulu\u011flanadi: \u201cBar\u00e7a dinlar hamma erda ya\u015fa\u015fi darkor, ularning bar\u00e7asi u\u00e7un yagona istak \u00f6z-\u00f6zini bo\u015fqari\u015f va qalb sofligidir\u201d<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qadimiy \u201cAvesto\u201d kitobida esa ezgu s\u00f6z, fikr va amal birligi quyidagi\u00e7a tasvirlangan: \u201cHaq s\u00f6zdan \u00f6zga he\u00e7 narsani \u00f6ylama, haq s\u00f6zdan \u00f6zga he\u00e7 narsa t\u00f6\u011frisida suhbatla\u015fma, haqqoniy amaldan bo\u015fqa he\u00e7 narsa bilan \u015fu\u011fullanma\u201d<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Huquqiy asoslar va davlat siyosatining ustuvor y\u00f6nali\u015flari. <\/strong>\u00d6zbekiston Respublikasida fuqarolarning vijdon erkinligini ta\u02bcminla\u015f va diniy sohadagi davlat siyosati konsepsiyasining 10-bandida quyidagilar qayd etilgan: \u201cDinlararo muloqot va \u00f6zaro tu\u015funi\u015f prinsipi asosida turli dinlarga e\u02bctiqod qiladigan yoki biror-bir dinga e\u02bctiqod qilmaydigan fuqarolar, turli konfessiyalarga oid ta\u015fkilotlar \u00f6zaro diniy ba\u011frikenglik, murosa, hurmat va \u00f6zaro tu\u015funi\u015f asosida muloqot \u00f6rnatadi\u201d<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u015eu bilan birga, mamlakatimizda amalga o\u015firilayotgan keng k\u00f6lamli islohotlar doirasida millatlararo va dinlararo totuvlikni mustahkamla\u015f davlat siyosatining ustuvor vazifalaridan biri sifatida belgilangan. Ijtimoiy-siyosiy barqarorlikni ta\u02bcminla\u015f, turli millat va konfessiya vakillarining huquq va manfaatlarini himoya qili\u015f borasida ulkan amaliy i\u015flar bajarilmoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xulosa \u00f6rnida \u015funi ta\u02bckidla\u015f mumkinki, bar\u00e7a dinlar va ilohiy k\u00f6rsatmalar insoniyatni faqat ma\u02bcrifat, ezgulik va yax\u015filikka yetaklab kelgan. Ular insonlarni hayotda doimo \u015fukronalik hissi bilan ya\u015fa\u015fga, yax\u015fi i\u015flarni bajari\u015fda \u00f6zaro hamkorlik qili\u015fga hamda jaholat, razolat va qabohatlardan yiroq b\u00f6li\u015fga da\u02bcvat etadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bugungi kunda dinlar va millatlar \u00f6rtasidagi ba\u011frikenglik siyosati \u00d6zbekistonda yanada ku\u00e7ayib, ijtimoiy jamiyat birdamligini mustahkamla\u015fning muhim poydevoriga aylandi. Bu esa \u00f6z navbatida yurtimizda tin\u00e7lik, osoyi\u015ftalik va barqaror taraqqiyotni ta\u02bcminla\u015fda hal qiluv\u00e7i omil b\u00f6lib xizmat qilmoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n

Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar:<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    Abd ibn Humayd Ke\u015fiy. Muntaxab min Musnad Abd ibn Humayd.<\/em> Riyoz: Doru-l-balansiya, 2002.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    Sahihul Buxoriy.<\/em> Misr: Dor ta\u02bcsil, 2017.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u0411\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u044f. E\u0432a\u043d\u0433e\u043b\u0438\u044f o\u0442 \u041ca\u0442\u0444e\u044f.<\/em> \u041a\u0438e\u0432, 1997. 3\/6.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    Qur\u02bconi karim ma\u02bcnolari tarjimasi \/ Tarjima va izohlar muallifi A. Mansur. To\u015fkent: TIU, 2005.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  5. \n
    \u00d6zbekiston Respublikasining Konstitutsiyasi. To\u015fkent, 2022. 35-modda. (Havola: https:\/\/constitution.uz\/uz<\/a>).<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  6. \n
    \u00d6zbekiston Respublikasida fuqarolarning vijdon erkinligini ta\u02bcminla\u015f va diniy sohadagi davlat siyosati konsepsiyasi. Qonun\u00e7ilik ma\u02bclumotlari milliy bazasi,<\/em>02.2025-y., 03\/25\/1037\/0187-son, 10-band.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  7. \n
  8. \n
    \u00a0bible.com<\/a>.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u015eukurillo UMAROV,<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
    Tarix fanlari b\u00f6yi\u00e7a falsafa doktori,<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
    Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot\u00a0markazi b\u00f6lim bo\u015fli\u011fi<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Insoniyat tarixi \u015funi k\u00f6rsatadiki, jamiyat taraqqiyoti, uning iqtisodiy va madaniy yuksali\u015fi birin\u00e7i navbatda \u00f6\u015fa jamiyatdagi ijtimoiy birdamlik, \u00f6zaro totuvlik hamda ba\u011frikenglik muhitiga bevosita bo\u011fliqdir. Jahon dinlari, ayniqsa, mukammal va sof Islom dini insonlarni tin\u00e7likka, sabr-toqatga, insoniy fazilatlarga amal qilib ya\u015fa\u015fga \u00e7aqirib kelgan. Islom ta\u02bclimotida zulmga qar\u015fi turi\u015f, adolatni qaror toptiri\u015f, insonlarning \u015fa\u02bcni, qadr-qimmati va haq-huquqlarini …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":54202,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54201"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=54201"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54201\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":54207,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54201\/revisions\/54207"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/54202"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=54201"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=54201"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=54201"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}