{"id":53677,"date":"2026-10-26T18:05:11","date_gmt":"2026-10-26T13:05:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=53677"},"modified":"2026-10-26T18:05:26","modified_gmt":"2026-10-26T13:05:26","slug":"qoqon-xonligida-kitob-kolleksiyalari-va-ularning-ozlastirilisi-xviii-xix-asr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=53677&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"Q\u00d6QON XONLIGIDA KITOB KOLLEKSIYALARI VA ULARNING \u00d6ZLA\u015eTIRILI\u015eI (XVIII-XIX ASR)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kiri\u015f.<\/strong> \u00d6zbekiston Respublikasi davlat mustaqilligini q\u00f6lga kiritga\u00e7, milliy qadriyatlarimizni tikla\u015f, an\u02bcanalarimizni boyiti\u015f tarix fanining dolzarb masalalaridan biriga aylandi. \u00d6zbek xalqining boy madaniy merosini \u00f6rgani\u015f, tar\u011fib eti\u015f va kelgusi avlodlarga yetkazi\u015f davlat ahamiyatiga ega b\u00f6ldi. Mustaqillikning dastlabki yillaridan bo\u015flab k\u00f6p asrlik madaniy va ilmiy yutuqlarimiz aks etgan yozma manbalarni saqla\u015f, \u00f6rgani\u015f va tar\u011fib qili\u015fga katta e\u02bctibor berilmoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u015euning u\u00e7un ham, Milliy \u00f6zlikni angla\u015f, tarixiy xotira davomiyligini ta\u02bcminla\u015f, ulkan yozma merosimizni asrab-avayla\u015f, boyitib bori\u015f va tadqiq qili\u015f hamda madaniy va ma\u02bcnaviy qadriyatlarni ommala\u015ftiri\u015f maqsadida \u00d6zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining \u201cQadimiy yozma manbalarni saqla\u015f, tadqiq va tar\u011fib qili\u015f tizimini yanada takomilla\u015ftiri\u015f \u00e7ora-tadbirlari t\u00f6\u011frisida\u201d [1]gi qarori qabul qilindi. Qarorga binoan \u00d6zbekiston Respublikasi Fanlar akademiyasining \u015earq\u015funoslik instituti qadimiy q\u00f6lyozmalar, tarixiy-madaniy ahamiyatga ega b\u00f6lgan bo\u015fqa yozma manbalarni saqla\u015f, \u00f6rgani\u015f, ilmiy asosda tadqiq eti\u015f va tar\u011fib qili\u015f b\u00f6yi\u00e7a mamlakatimizdagi yetak\u00e7i ilmiy-tadqiqot muassasasi etib belgilandi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mamlakatimizda asrlar davomida Markaziy Osiyo b\u00f6yi\u00e7a eng boy q\u00f6lyozma kitoblar jamlangan b\u00f6lib, uning salmoqli qismi \u00d6zbekiston Respublikasi Fanlar Akademiyasi Abu Rayhon Beruniy nomidagi \u015earq\u015funoslik instituti fondida saqlanadi. Mazkur fond 2000-yilda noyob ilmiy va madaniy obyektlardan biri sifatida YUNESKOning Butunjahon madaniy merosi r\u00f6yxatiga kiritilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Adabiyotlarda \u00d6rta Osiyoda mustamlaka tuzumi davrida mintaqa, xususan, Q\u00f6qon xonligi kutubxonalariga tegi\u015fli q\u00f6lyozma kitoblarning talon-taroj qilingani haqidagi ma\u02bclumotlar berilgan. Rus \u015farq\u015funos olimlari V.V.Bartold, V.V.Vyatkin, A.L.Kun va bo\u015fqalar Sankt- Peterburg Osiyo muzeyi, Ermitaj va Imperator xalq kutubxonasiga noyob va qimmatli ilmiy manbalar, ma\u02bcnaviy-moddiy yodgorliklarni ta\u015fib keti\u015fda muhim rol \u00f6ynagan. Q\u00f6qon yuri\u015fi qatna\u015f\u00e7isi A.L.Kun asosan turkiy tilda yozilgan q\u00f6lyozma kitoblar va hujjatlarni t\u00f6pla\u015f bilan birga 130 ta q\u00f6lyozmani tortib olib, Rossiya Imperator xalq kutubxonasiga top\u015firgan. \u00d6zR MDA hujjatlarida Turkiston general-gubernatorligi kanselyariyasiga A.L.Kunning hisobotlari berilgani qayd etilgan [14: 68, 68a<\/sup>,78, 78a,b<\/sup>,79,130-varaqlar].<\/span><\/p>\n

Tadqiqot metodologiyasi.<\/strong> U\u015fbu mavzu tarixiylik, qiyosiy tahlil, tizimla\u015ftiri\u015f, xolislik tamoyillari asosida yoritilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tahlil va natijalar. <\/strong>\u00d6rta Osiyo xonliklarida kutubxonalar k\u00f6p asrlik tarixga ega b\u00f6lib, an\u02bcanaviy tarzda avloddan-avlodga meros sifatida \u00f6tib kelgan. Butun \u00d6rta asrlar davomida nafaqat saroylarda, balki amaldor va ziyolilar xonadonida ham sulolaviy kutubxonalar b\u00f6lgan. Kutubxona egalari kitob k\u00f6\u00e7iruv\u00e7i xattotlar va kitob sotuv\u00e7ilarga dunyoviy va diniy mazmundagi qimmatli kitoblarni buyurtma qilgan. Ular u\u00e7un q\u00f6lyozma kitoblar alohida did va e\u02bctibor bilan tayyorlangan. Saroy kutubxonalaridan asosan hukmdorlar, ularning qarindo\u015flari, kamdan-kam hollardagina jamiyatning yuqori qatlamiga mansub olim va ziyolilar foydalangan. Xonliklar an\u02bcanalariga k\u00f6ra, hukmdor saroyida davlat xazinasi bilan birga, devon, kutubxona va davlat hujjatlari saqlanadigan maxsus xonalar b\u00f6lib, ularga amaldorlar mas\u02bcul b\u00f6lgan. Yuqori martabali \u015faxslarga tegi\u015fli idoralarda ham kutubxonalar b\u00f6lgan. Davlat poytaxti va viloyat markazlarida, madrasa va masjidlar, qorixonalar qo\u015fida ham kutubxonalar faoliyati y\u00f6lga q\u00f6yilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

XVIII asrda \u00d6rta Osiyo xonliklarida madaniy hayot an\u02bcanaviy tarzda davom etgan. Ta\u02bclim va kadrlar tayyorla\u015f diniy mazmun bilan singib, q\u00f6lda yozilgan kitoblar qimmatla\u015fib, ular sezilarli darajada kamayib borgan. \u015eunga qaramay, bu davlatlarda q\u00f6lyozma fondiga ega sud mahkamalari va bo\u015fqa kutubxonalarda qimmatbaho noyob q\u00f6lyozmalar saqlangan, hukmdorlar esa ilm-fanga, kitobga befarq b\u00f6lmagan. Har bir hukmdor katta hajmdagi kitoblarga ega b\u00f6lgani haqida ma\u02bclumotlar saqlangan. Q\u00f6qon xonligi XVIII-asrning bo\u015flarida ta\u015fkil topgan b\u00f6lsa-da, ilgaridan xonlikda saroy kutubxonalari b\u00f6lgan. Q\u00f6qon xonligi hukmdorlari Umarxon, Murodxon va Xudoyorxon saroyida qimmatbaho nodir \u015farq q\u00f6lyozmalari b\u00f6lib, uning tarkibini tarix, geografiya, tibbiyot, til\u015funoslik, grammatika, huquq, ilohiyot va bo\u015fqa fanlar ta\u015fkil etgan. Bundan ta\u015fqari, Q\u00f6qon xonligining ba\u02bczi hukmdorlari q\u00f6lyozma kitob omborlariga, mahalliy mualliflarga, hind, af\u011fon va bo\u015fqa tujjorlarga homiylik qilgan, \u015foir va yozuv\u00e7ilarga katta ehtirom k\u00f6rsatgan. Q\u00f6qon xoni Umarxon \u015foir, yozuv\u00e7i va san\u02bcat ustalariga homiylik qilgan, madrasa, masjid, maktablar qurili\u015figa k\u00f6plab mabla\u011f ajratgan [11:113]. Muhammad Umarxon (18010-1822) \u015foir va adabiyot ixlosmandi b\u00f6lgan va u \u201cAmiriy\u201d taxallusi bilan ijod qilgan. Xon falsafiy va lirik \u011fazallar muallifi ham edi. Uning rahnamoligida Far\u011fonada \u015foirlar t\u00f6garagi tuzilib, ular orasida xonning rafiqasi \u2013 \u015foira Nodirabegim ham ijod qilgan. XIX asrning (1821-y.) bo\u015flarida Umarxonning buyru\u011fi bilan \u015foir Fazliy tomonidan \u201cMajmuatu\u015f \u015fuaro\u201d [8:34,210] antologiyasi\u00a0 tuzilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Xudoyorxon davrida kutubxonada xususiy \u015faxslardan sotib olingan va turli fondlardan kelib tu\u015fgan k\u00f6plab q\u00f6lyozma kitoblar b\u00f6lgan. Tarix\u00e7i Mirzo Aziz davlat xizmatida b\u00f6lgan vaqtida xon kutubxonasida mavjud q\u00f6lyozma kitoblardan k\u00f6p foydalangan. \u015eulardan biri \u00d6rta Osiyo davlatlari tarixiga oid ma\u02bclumotlarni \u00f6z i\u00e7iga olgan \u201cQ\u00f6qon xonligi tarixi\u201d kitobidir. Unda Far\u011fona va Mar\u011filon \u015fahri tarixi, Mar\u011filon rus okrugi bo\u015fli\u011fi qozilari, \u015funingdek, bo\u015fqa \u015faxslarning qisqa\u00e7a tarjimai hollari ham berilgan. Q\u00f6qon xonligi saroyida kitoblar saqlanadigan maxsus xonalarda arab tilida yozilgan 103 dan ortiq asosan diniy (Qur\u02bconi karim, yirik ulamolarning tarjimai hollari, musulmon urf-odatlari t\u00f6plamlari va bo\u015fqalar) kitoblar saqlangan. Kitoblar orasida falsafa, mantiq, grammatika, ritorika va tibbiyotga oid (masalan: \u201cBahrul javohir\u201d yoki \u201cAt-tabib Xorvining marvaridlari\u201d) 16 dan ortiq fors tilidagi q\u00f6lyozmalar, musulmon huquq\u015funosligi, tarixiy mazmundagi Avazmuhammad Attorning \u201cTuhfat-at tavorixi xoniy\u201d (\u201cTarixning \u015fohona tuhfasi\u201d) [6:43,210] (Muhammad Rahimxon hukmronligi tarixi), Jigan Lodiyning \u201cTarixi jahongiriy\u201d, (Far\u011fona va Q\u00f6qon tarixi \u015eoxruhxon va Xudoyorxon hukmronlik davrlari) kabilarni \u00f6z i\u00e7iga olgan. Rossiya istilosi davrida Q\u00f6qon xonlarining q\u00f6lyozma kitoblari saqlanadigan maxsus xonalar va bo\u015fqa madaniy boyliklari haqidagi ma\u02bclumotlarni t\u00f6pla\u015f vazifasi 1875-yildagi Q\u00f6qon yuri\u015fi qatna\u015f\u00e7isi \u2013 rus \u015farq\u015funos olimi A.L.Kunga top\u015firilgan. U asosan \u201cturkiy tilda yozilgan q\u00f6lyozma kitoblar va hujjatlarni t\u00f6pla\u015fi kerak b\u00f6lgan…\u201d [5:37]. Q\u00f6qonni zabt eti\u015f vaqtida yuqorida aytilganidek tarix, tibbiyot, huquq va ilohiyotga doir 130 ta q\u00f6lyozma tortib olinib Rossiya Imperator xalq kutubxonasiga top\u015firilgan. Ular orasida \u201cTavorixi \u015eoxruxiy\u201d, \u201cTarixiy Muqimxoniy\u201d, \u201cJahonnoma\u201d, \u201cRa\u015fahot\u201d, \u201cRa\u015fonaxul funun\u201d asarlari b\u00f6lgan [10:356]. \u015eu bilan birga, Kun \u00f6z faoliyati davomida nafaqat Q\u00f6qon xonligi, balki Xiva va Buxoro amirligidagi nodir q\u00f6lyozmalarni t\u00f6pla\u015fda ham faol i\u015ftirok etgan. 1897-yil K.G.Zalemanning Markaziy Osiyoga keli\u015fidan maqsad Q\u00f6qondagi Xudoyorxon kutubxonasini izla\u015f b\u00f6lgan. Unga \u00d6\u015f uyezdi sudyasi D.M.Gramenskiy, mahalliy rus olimlari \u2013 Nalivkin va Vyatkin Osiyo muzeyi u\u00e7un 100 dan ortiq \u015farq q\u00f6lyozmalar kolleksiyasini top\u015firadi. \u00d6zi esa 96 ta q\u00f6lyozmani q\u00f6lga kiritadi. \u015eundan keyin u bu haqda \u00f6z fikrini bildirib, \u00d6rta Osiyo qadimiy nodir q\u00f6lyozmalarga boy \u00f6lka ekanligi va bundan keyin olimlar i\u015ftirokida k\u00f6proq ilmiy safarlar uyu\u015ftiri\u015f kerakligini aytgan edi [7:377 ].<\/span><\/p>\n

XX asr bo\u015flarida Q\u00f6qon xonligi saroy kutubxonalaridagi q\u00f6lyozma kitoblar, Namangan, Mar\u011filon, \u00d6\u015f va bo\u015fqa bekliklardagi q\u00f6lyozma kitoblar va xalqimizning boyliklari talon-taroj qilingan va bozorlarda sotilgan [12:96]. 1902-yilda Q\u00f6qonga q\u00f6lyozmalarni aniqla\u015f va \u00f6rgani\u015f maqsadida kelgan V.V.Bartold xon saroyi kutubxonasi hujjatlarini varaqlar ekan, afsus bilan \u015funday yozadi: \u201cHozirgi kunda he\u00e7 qanday t\u00f6plam va q\u00f6lyozmalar, hatto Xudoyorxon kutubxonasining arzimagan qoldiqlari ham y\u00f6q\u201d [3:34].<\/span><\/p>\n

Xonlik kutubxonasidan ta\u015fqari \u015faxsiy kutubxonalar ham b\u00f6lgan. Yunusjon Dodxo Muhamedovning Q\u00f6qon kolleksiyasi qimmatli kitoblarga boy b\u00f6lib, uning tarkibini \u00e7i\u011fatoy, fors, arab, turkiy va bo\u015fqa tillardagi nasriy va \u015fe\u02bcriy uslubdagi qadimiy q\u00f6lyozmalar ta\u015fkil etgan. Kitoblari orasida Q\u00f6qon xonligi tarixi, 1657-1809-yillardagi Badax\u015fon voqealari va xalqlariga oid salmoqli asarlar b\u00f6lgan. \u015euningdek, Qa\u015fqar hojilarining 1703-yilga\u00e7a b\u00f6lgan tarixiga doir ma\u02bclumotlar, Q\u00f6qon xonlari, \u015fayxlari hayoti va faoliyati yoritilgan t\u00f6plamlar, Far\u011fonalik \u015foir Sa\u02bcdiy, Lutfiylarning turli \u015fe\u02bcriy t\u00f6plamlari, lu\u011fatlar, xususan, Hindistonda Mulla Yoqub \u00c7angiy tomonidan Avrangzeb (1659-1707) davrida tuzilgan \u201c\u00c7i\u011fatoy\u00e7a-fors\u00e7a lu\u011fat\u201d kabi k\u00f6pgina diniy tasavvufiy q\u00f6lyozmalar mavjud edi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Amin Ahmad Roziy XVI asrda ya\u015fab ijod qilgan tarix\u00e7i va adib, Hindistonda Akbar\u015foh (1542-1605) zamonida ya\u015fagan, unga atab 1593-1594-yillarda \u201cHaft iqlim\u201d kitobini yozgan. U\u015fbu asarda \u015earq olimlari odatiga binoan Amin Ahmad Roziy yetti iqlimda b\u00f6lib, har qaysi iqlim, yirik \u015faharlar va qi\u015floqlar haqida tarixiy va geografik hamda \u015fu yurtdan yeti\u015fib \u00e7iqqan yirik olim, \u015foir va ma\u015fhur ki\u015filar haqida ma\u02bclumot bergan. \u201cHaft iqlim\u201d [13:270] \u015farq tarixi va madaniyatini \u00f6rgani\u015fda muhim manba hisoblanadi. Asarning bir q\u00f6lyozma nusxasi \u00d6zbekiston Respublikasi Fanlar akademiyasi \u015earq\u015funoslik instituti fondida saqlanmoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n

Far\u011fona viloyati hokimligi tarjimoni Yu.K.Kazbekovda ham juda k\u00f6p \u015farq q\u00f6lyozmalari b\u00f6lgan. Kitoblari orasida 1886-yilda yozilgan \u201cQ\u00f6qon xonligi tarixi\u201d, \u201cQ\u00f6qon xonligi tarixi\u201d (1864-1865)ga oid o\u00e7erkdan par\u00e7alar, \u201cAbu Said va Abdurahmon\u201d \u015fe\u02bcrlari, kitobning t\u00f6rtin\u00e7i qismiga X\u00f6ja Ahrorning \u015farhlari, Abdurahmon Jomiy, Jamol Qar\u015fi asarlari, Xudoyorxon davridagi rasmiy xatlar va hujjatlar kolleksiyasining salmoqli qismi mavjud b\u00f6lgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Andijon \u015fahrida bir qan\u00e7a \u015faxsiy q\u00f6lyozma fondlari qatorida \u201cDuk\u00e7i e\u015fon\u201d nomi bilan ma\u015fhur Muhammad Ali E\u015fonning q\u00f6lyozma fondi ham boy b\u00f6lib, 1898-yildagi Andijon q\u00f6z\u011folonidan s\u00f6ng uning kutubxonasi musodara qilingan, bir qismi esa N.P.Ostroumovning iltimosiga k\u00f6ra, \u201cTurkiston arxeologiya ixlosmandlari t\u00f6garagi\u201dga \u00f6tkazilgan. Unda Fariduddin Attor asarlari (\u201cTazkirat ul-avliyo\u201d, \u201cMantiqut-tayr\u201d), ma\u015fhur Koson \u015fayxi Azim Maxdumiy (vafoti 1542) tarjimai holi haqida ma\u02bclumot berilgan kitoblar ham b\u00f6lgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tarixiy manbalarning guvohlik beri\u015fi\u00e7a, Samarqand va To\u015fkent \u015faharlarida ham xususiy q\u00f6lyozma fondlar b\u00f6lgan. \u015earq q\u00f6lyozmalar t\u00f6plami samarqandlik \u015farq\u015funos, arxeolog va tarix\u00e7i olim V.L. Vyatkinning \u00d6rta Osiyoda ellik yillik faoliyati davomida, ya\u02bcni 1917-yilga\u00e7a u 190 jildlik muhim q\u00f6lyozmalarni t\u00f6pla\u015fga muvaffaq b\u00f6lgan. Uning kolleksiyasi tarkibini tarixiy, geografik va diniy mazmundagi q\u00f6lyozma kitoblar ta\u015fkil etgan. T\u00f6plamda XIV-asr ma\u015fhur tarix\u00e7ilarining k\u00f6plab nodir q\u00f6lyozmalari, xususan, \u015eayx Kamoliddin hayotiga ba\u011fi\u015flangan Mahmud \u011eijduvoniyning \u201cMitfahut tolibin\u201d (\u201cFan talabalari kaliti\u201d) t\u00f6plami va balxlik Abdullaning \u201cZubdatul asar\u201d (\u201cQissa qaymo\u011fi\u201d) q\u00f6lyozmasi umumiy tarixga oid \u00f6zbek tilidagi birin\u00e7i asardir.<\/span><\/p>\n

V.V. Bartold 1902-yilda Samarqandda b\u00f6lib, Vyatkinning kitoblariga katta qiziqi\u015f bildirgan. U q\u00f6lyozmalar bilan tani\u015fib \u00e7iqadi va ular orasida \u015eayboniyxonning Samarqandni ikkin\u00e7i marta bosib oli\u015fi, Boburning 1501-yilda to\u011flarga \u00e7iqib keti\u015figa oid \u015fe\u02bcriy yilnomalar uni \u00f6ziga jalb etadi. U\u015fbu ma\u02bclumotlardan ma\u02bclumki, mazkur \u015fe\u02bcriy t\u00f6plam \u015eayboniyxon hayotlik vaqtida uning nomidan yozilgan. T\u00f6plamda 94 ta q\u00f6lyozma asarning batafsil tafsifi berili\u015fi bilan birga, bir qan\u00e7a \u00f6rinlarda izoh ham yozilgan. Vyatkin q\u00f6lyozmalar katalogini t\u00f6liq \u00a0na\u015fr eti\u015fni ma\u02bcqul deb bilgan. Biroq uning (1933-yil) vafotidan s\u00f6ng u\u015fbu q\u00f6lyozmalar t\u00f6plami To\u015fkentdagi \u00d6zbekiston davlat ommaviy kutubxonasiga top\u015firiladi va kutubxona xodimi, \u015farq\u015funos olim A.A. Mol\u00e7anov tomonidan tavsiflanadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6rta Osiyo xalqlari madaniyatiga oid nodir kitoblar va memuarlar ixlosmandi Qodir E\u015fonning q\u00f6lyozma kitoblari t\u00f6plami yax\u015fi tanilgan edi. Uning t\u00f6plamida eng qimmatbaho hisoblangan k\u00f6p jildli fors\u00e7a \u201cMatlaul ulum\u201d (\u201cIlmlar manbai\u201d) ensiklopediyasi hisoblangan. Bu katta hajmli i\u015fda bar\u00e7a fanlar b\u00f6yi\u00e7a qisqa\u00e7a ma\u02bclumotlarni \u00f6z i\u00e7iga olgan asarni ilk bor Turkiston \u00f6lkasi b\u00f6yi\u00e7a taniqli mutaxassis, \u015farq\u015funos olim N.S.Liko\u015fin tavsiflab bergan. U Qodir E\u015fonni \u015farq ilmlarining bilimdoni, ensiklopediya\u00e7i olim ekanini e\u02bctirof etgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

To\u015fkentdagi yana bir boy \u015farq q\u00f6lyozmalar t\u00f6plami qozi Muhitdinx\u00f6jaga (1902-yilda vafot etgan) tegi\u015fli b\u00f6lib, u rus tilini yax\u015fi bilgan va k\u00f6plab rus olimlari bilan muloqotda b\u00f6lgan. U bir qator ilmiy jamiyatlar a\u02bczosi edi. Uning q\u00f6lyozmalari orasida \u015earafiddin Ali Yazdiyning Temur vafotidan \u00f6ttiz u\u00e7 yil \u00f6tib yozilgan \u201cZafarnoma\u201d (\u201cTemur tarixi\u201d)ning g\u00f6zal miniatyuralari, tarix\u00e7i At-Tabariy asarlari [4:24], Sa\u02bcdiy \u015eeroziyning \u015fe\u02bcrlar t\u00f6plami va bo\u015fqa asarlar ham b\u00f6lgan. Tarixga oid q\u00f6lyozmalardan esa to\u015fkentlik Boqijon boyda XVII-asrda yozilgan Qa\u015f\u011fariya tarixining noyob nusxasi b\u00f6lgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

A.A.Semyonovning ma\u02bclumotlariga k\u00f6ra, \u015eahrisabzning sobiq hukmdori, general-mayyor J\u00f6rabekda turli sohalarga oid 60 dan ortiq q\u00f6lyozma b\u00f6lgan [15:69,78-varaq]. 1906-yilda J\u00f6rabek \u00f6ldirilgandan s\u00f6ng, q\u00f6lyozmalar uzoq vaqt qarovsiz qolgan, \u015fikastlangan va talon-taroj qilingan. Ular orasida Mahmud ibn Valining yetti jildlik \u201cBaxr al-asror fi manaqib al-axyar\u201d [2:168] (\u201cSirlar dengizi majmui\u201d) asari b\u00f6lgan. 1912-yilga kelib, q\u00f6lyozmalarning faqat yarmigina saqlanib qolgan edi. Q\u00f6lyozmalar V.V. Bartold ta\u015fabbusi va A.A.Semyonov i\u015ftirokida J\u00f6rabekning Qorasuvdagi uyidan To\u015fkentga k\u00f6\u00e7irilgan. Oktyabr inqilobidan s\u00f6ng, bu t\u00f6plam To\u015fkent \u015earq\u015funoslik instituti tomonidan sotib olingan va kutubxonaga top\u015firilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u015earq tillarining, xususan, fors-tojik tillarining taniqli bilimdoni A.A.Semyonov (1873-1957) juda katta q\u00f6lyozma fondiga ega b\u00f6lgan. U 1900-yildan Turkiston viloyatida faoliyat k\u00f6rsatgan va \u00f6lkaning turli joylariga tez-tez sayohat qilgan, \u015funingdek, moddiy madaniyat yodgorliklarini \u00f6rgani\u015f bilan birga, k\u00f6pgina q\u00f6lyozma asarlarni ham t\u00f6plagan. \u015eaxsiy\u00a0 kutubxonasida \u00f6zbek, tojik, fors va arab tillaridagi 150 dan ortiq qimmatli \u015farq q\u00f6lyozma nusxalari bor edi [9:915]. <\/em>A.A.Semyonovning \u00d6rta Osiyoda bir ne\u00e7a \u00f6n yillik faoliyati davomida t\u00f6plagan q\u00f6lyozmalari orasida noyob kitoblar k\u00f6p b\u00f6lgan. Uning kutubxonasi va kolleksiyasi vafotidan s\u00f6ng Tojikiston FA Tarix institutiga \u00f6tkazilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xulosa<\/strong> qilib aytganda, Rossiya imperiyasi hukmronligi davrida \u00f6zbek xalqining boy madaniy merosi \u00f6zla\u015ftirilgan, ayrimlari sotib olingan va markazga yuborilgan. Ming yillar davomida yaratilgan boy moddiy va ma\u02bcnaviy meros namunalari hamda q\u00f6lyozma kitoblarning aksariyati bugungi kunda Rossiya va bo\u015fqa davlatlarning kutubxona va muzeylarida saqlanmoqda. \u015eunday \u015faroitga qaramay mamlakatda madaniy hayot an\u02bcanaviy tarzda davom etib, xalqimizning asrlar davomida eri\u015fgan boy moddiy va madaniy merosini avloddan-avlodga yetkazib kelgani muhim ahamiyatga ega.<\/span><\/p>\n

FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR: <\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    \u00d6zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti \u015eavkat Mirziyoyevning 2017-yil may oyidagi \u201cQadimiy manbalarni saqla\u015f, tadqiq va tar\u011fib qili\u015f tizimini yanada takomilla\u015ftiri\u015f \u00e7ora-tadbirlari t\u00f6\u011frisida\u201dgi qarori\/\/ Xalq s\u00f6zi gazetasi, 2017-yil 25-may.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u0410\u0445\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0411.\u0410. \u041c\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0439\u043d \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u2013\u0422.: \u0424\u0430\u043d, 1977. \u2013 \u0421.168. \u2013 S.168. Yana qarang: \/\/Q\u00f6lyozma. Mahmud ibn Valiy. \u201cBaxr al-asror fi manaqib al-axyar\u201d \u00d6zR FA \u015eI fondi,\u00a0 \u21162372.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u0411\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0434 \u0412.\u0412. \u041e\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u0432 \u0422\u0443\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d. \u2013 \u0417\u0430\u043f. \u0412\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439.\u043e\u0442\u0434. \u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0425V. C\u043f, 1904. \u2013\u0421.34.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    Hamidjon Homidiy. K\u00f6hna \u015farq dar\u011falari. \u2013 T., 1999.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  5. \n
    \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b\u043d \u0410.\u0418. \u0420\u0443\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0423\u0437\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043f\u043e\u0445\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f. \u2013 \u0422., 1993.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  6. \n
    \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b\u043d \u0410.\u0418. \u0420\u0443\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0423\u0437\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043f\u043e\u0445\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f. \u2013 \u0422., 1993. \u2013 \u0421.43; Yana qarang: Voxidov \u015e.X. Q\u00f6qon xonligida tarixnavislik. \u2013 T.: Akademna\u015fr, 2010.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  7. \n
    Mustabid tuzumning \u00d6zbekiston milliy boyliklarini tala\u015f siyosati: tarix \u015fohidligi va saboqlari. \u2013 T.: \u015earq 2000.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  8. \n
    Qayumov A. Q\u00f6qon adabiy muhiti. XVIII-XIX asrlar. \u2013 T., 1961. \u00d6zfanakadna\u015fr. \u2013 B.34; Yana qarang: Voxidov \u015e.X. Q\u00f6qon xonligida tarixnavislik. \u2013 T.: Akademna\u015fr, 2010.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  9. \n
    \u0421\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0410.\u0410. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \/\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0412\u0441\u0435\u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0422\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435. \u2013 \u0422., 1958.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  10. \n
    Tarix \u015fohidligi va saboqlari. \u00c7orizm va sovet mustamlaka\u00e7iligi davrida \u00d6zbekiston milliy boyliklarining \u00f6zla\u015ftirili\u015fi. \u2013 T.: \u015earq, 2001.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  11. \n
    Voxidov \u015e.X. Q\u00f6qon xonligida tarixnavislik. \u2013 T.: Akademna\u015fr, 2010.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  12. \n
    Xolnazarova L. Far\u011fona bozorlarida kitob savdosi masalalari. Imom Buxoriy saboqlari ma\u02bcnaviy-ma\u02bcrifiy, ilmiy-adabiy jurnal. \/\/ 2018-yil 1-son. \u2013 B.96.; Latofat Kholnazarova. Book market of Bukhara \/ Echo of history. 3(55). 2012. Scientifically practical moral educative magazine.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  13. \n
    \u00d6zbek milliy ensiklopediyasi. T.I. \u2013 T., 2000-2006. \u2013 736 b.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  14. \n
    \u00d6zbekiston MDA, I-fond, 15-r\u00f6yxat, 69-i\u015f, 68, 68a, 78, 78a,b, 79-varaqlar.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  15. \n
    \u00d6zbekiston MDA, I-fond, 15 r\u00f6yxat, 69-i\u015f, 78-varaq.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    Latofat XOLNAZAROVA,<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
    Islom Karimov nomidagi TDTU dotsenti<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
    \u201cImom Buxoriy saboqlari\u201d jurnali 2025-yil 3 sonidan olindi.<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Kiri\u015f. \u00d6zbekiston Respublikasi davlat mustaqilligini q\u00f6lga kiritga\u00e7, milliy qadriyatlarimizni tikla\u015f, an\u02bcanalarimizni boyiti\u015f tarix fanining dolzarb masalalaridan biriga aylandi. \u00d6zbek xalqining boy madaniy merosini \u00f6rgani\u015f, tar\u011fib eti\u015f va kelgusi avlodlarga yetkazi\u015f davlat ahamiyatiga ega b\u00f6ldi. Mustaqillikning dastlabki yillaridan bo\u015flab k\u00f6p asrlik madaniy va ilmiy yutuqlarimiz aks etgan yozma manbalarni saqla\u015f, \u00f6rgani\u015f va tar\u011fib qili\u015fga katta e\u02bctibor …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":53683,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53677"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=53677"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53677\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":53684,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53677\/revisions\/53684"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/53683"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=53677"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=53677"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=53677"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}