{"id":49678,"date":"2026-05-05T10:37:01","date_gmt":"2026-05-05T05:37:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=49678"},"modified":"2026-05-05T15:49:50","modified_gmt":"2026-05-05T10:49:50","slug":"hijrat-va-uning-noto%ca%bbg%ca%bbri-talqini","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=49678&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"HIJRAT VA UNING NOTO\u02bbG\u02bbRI TALQINI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hijrat o\u02bbta nozik masalalardan hisoblanadi. Chunki u insonning yashash joyi, dini va jamiyat bilan munosabati kabi muhim jihatlar bilan bog\u02bbliq. Shu sababli ulamolar bu masalaga Qur\u02bcon va Sunnatga tayanib, juda ehtiyotkorlik bilan yondashgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Afsuski, ayrim toifalar odamlarning oyat va hadislarni chuqur tushunmasligidan foydalanib, ularni o\u02bbz g\u02bbarazli maqsadlari yo\u02bblida talqin qilmoqda. Oqibatda odamlar orasida turli ixtilof va tushunmovchiliklar yuzaga kelmoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yaqinda bunday gap chiqdi: \u201c…yoki Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam: \u201cMakka fathidan keyin hijrat yo\u02bbq\u201d,<\/em><\/strong> deganlar. Buni nima maqsadda aytyaptilar?! \u2013 Makka fathidan keyin Makkadan hijrat qilish yo\u02bbq, <\/u><\/em>shuni bilib oling! Birovlar keladi-da, \u201cmana hadisda aytilgan, Makka fath etilganidan keyin umuman hech qanday hijrat yo\u02bbq\u201d deya boshlaydi. Gapning mavzusi qanday ayyorlik bilan o\u02bbzgartirilayotganini ko\u02bbryapsizmi?!\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu gap hadisni o\u02bbta qo\u02bbpol ravishda buzib, favqulodda makkorlik bildirilgan mulohaza bo\u02bblib, odamlarni shubhaga solib qo\u02bbyishi hech gap emas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bunday uydirma fikrlarni tarqatayotganlarning da\u02bcvo qilishicha, ulamolarimiz Makka fathidan keyin hijrat yo\u02bbq ekani haqidagi hadisni o\u02bbzgartirib talqin qilmoqda ekan. Ular bu da\u02bcvoni ilgari surar ekan, \u201chijrat yo\u02bbq\u201d deydiganlarni Niso surasining 46-oyatida tavsiflangan yahudiylarga qiyoslaydi (\u201cYahudiy bo\u02bblganlar orasida shundaylari <\/strong>(ham) borki, Allohning so\u02bbzini o\u02bbz o\u02bbrnidan o\u02bbzgartiradilar va tillarini burib, dinga ta\u02bcna yetkazish g\u02bbarazi bilan: \u201cEshitdik va <\/strong>(lekin) bo\u02bbyin sunmadik. Eshitilmas <\/strong>(so\u02bbzlar)ni eshit va bizni asra\u201d, deydilar. Agar ular: \u201cEshitdik va bo\u02bbyin sundik, eshit va bizga ham nazar qil\u201d, deganlarida, o\u02bbzlari uchun yaxshiroq va to\u02bbg\u02bbriroq bo\u02bblar edi. Lekin ularni Alloh kufrlari sababli la\u02bcnatladi. Bas, <\/strong>(ularning) ozgina <\/strong>(qismi)dan boshqalari imon keltirmaydilar\u201d<\/strong>). O\u02bbsha yahudiylar Parvardigorning kalomini o\u02bbzgartirgandek, go\u02bbyo ulamolarimiz ham hadisdagi gapning mavzusini burib yuboryapti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shunday buzuq talqin va qing\u02bbir fikrlar orqali shariatga mos bo\u02bblmagan hijrat targ\u02bbib qilinmoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aslida Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallamning \u201cFathdan keyin hijrat yo\u02bbq…\u201d<\/em><\/strong> (Buxoriy va Muslim rivoyat qilgan)<\/em> degan so\u02bbzlariga yaxshilab e\u02bctibor qaratib, bu gap zamiridagi ma\u02bcnoning mag\u02bbzini chaqib ko\u02bbradigan bo\u02bblsak, hijrat masalasi ancha oson oydinlashadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Islomning ilk davrida Makka mushriklari musulmonlarni yashashga qo\u02bbymas, og\u02bbir azob-uqubat berar edi. Bunga dosh bera olmagan ba\u02bczi musulmonlar Allohning buyruqlarini xotirjam va to\u02bbkis ado etish uchun yashab turgan uy-joylarini, voyaga yetgan diyorini tark etdi. Ularning bir guruhi Nabiy sollallohu alayhi vasallamning tavsiyalari bilan Habashistonga hijrat qildi. Madina musulmonlar tinch yashay oladigan joyga aylangach, Payg\u02bbambarimiz u yerga hijrat qilishni buyurdilar. Bir muddatdan keyin o\u02bbzlari ham u yerga ko\u02bbchib o\u02bbtdilar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Madina tinch islom yurti bo\u02bblgan esa-da, u yerda islomni barqaror saqlab turish uchun musulmonlar ozchilik qilardi. Shuning uchun boshqa joylardagi musulmonlarning Madinaga borishi zarur bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nihoyat, hijratning 8-yili Ramazon oyida Makka fath etildi. Islom nuri ilk bor yoyilgan bu muborak shahar islom diyoriga aylandi. Shundan keyin u yerdan Madinaga hijrat qilishning ma\u02bcnosi qolmadi. Chunki musulmonlarga yillar davomida tazyiq o\u02bbtkazib, tahdid solib kelgan makkaliklar ularga taslim bo\u02bbldi va haq dinni qabul qildi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Musulmonlarga zarar yetkazishi mumkin bo\u02bblgan kuchlar yo\u02bbqolgach, Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam Makkadan hijrat qilishni to\u02bbxtatdilar. Shu bilan bu muborak shahar qiyomatgacha islom yurti bo\u02bblib qolishiga ham ishora qildilar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Makkaning fath etilishi islom tarixida juda muhim burilish yasadi. Shu vaqtdan boshlab Payg\u02bbambarimizga yordam berish maqsadida Madinaga ko\u02bbchib borish zarurati qolmadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shunga binoan, qaysi yurtda musulmonlarning ibodatlari uchun to\u02bbsiq bo\u02bblmasa, ular emin-erkin yashasa, u o\u02bblka nomi islom davlati deb nomlanmasa ham, islom diyori hisoblanadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Muhammad ibn Ismoil San\u02bconiy \u201cSubulus salom\u201d (\u201cTinchlik yo\u02bbllari\u201d) nomli asarida mazkur hadisni quyidagicha sharhlagan: \u201c(Ulamolar bunday degan:) \u201cBu hadis umumiy bo\u02bblib, o\u02bbzidan oldingi, hijratga dalolat bo\u02bbluvchi dalil (hukm)larni nasx (bekor) qiluvchidir. Chunki Nabiy sallallohu alayhi vasallam musulmon bo\u02bblgan arablarga o\u02bbzlari tomon hijrat qilib borishni amr qilmaganlar va ular o\u02bbz yurtida qolishini inkor qilmaganlar\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Biror yurtda din amallari erkin ado etilishga sharoit bo\u02bblmasa, u holda hijrat kun tartibiga chiqishi mumkin. Chunki Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam: \u201cTavba to\u02bbxtamaguncha hijrat to\u02bbxtamaydi, tavba esa quyosh mag\u02bbribdan chiqmaguncha to\u02bbxtamaydi\u201d,<\/em><\/strong> deb marhamat qilganlar (Abu Dovud va Ahmad rivoyat qilgan)<\/em>. \u201cKufr diyori\u201ddan \u201cislom diyori\u201dga ko\u02bbchish musulmonlar uchun qiyomatgacha davom etadigan diniy burchdir. Ulamolar hech qachon buni inkor etmagan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abu Sulaymon Xattobiyning ta\u02bckidlashicha, islomning dastlabki yillarida Alloh yo\u02bblida hijrat qilish mandub (savobli, rag\u02bbbatlantirilgan amal) edi. Alloh taolo: \u201cKim Allohning yo\u02bblida hijrat qilsa, yer yuzida ko\u02bbpgina panohgohlar va kenglik topadi\u201d,<\/strong> (Niso surasi, 100-oyat)<\/em> deb, musulmonlarga hijratni targ\u02bbib qilgan. Ushbu oyat Makka mushriklarining musulmonlarga zulmi juda kuchayib ketgan paytda nozil bo\u02bblib, hijrat qilganlarga kenglik va rizq va\u02bcda qilingan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Keyinroq, Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam Madinaga hijrat qilganlaridan so\u02bbng musulmonlarga o\u02bbz turgan joyidan Madinaga ko\u02bbchib borish farz qilindi. Buning sababi dinni bevosita Payg\u02bbambar alayhissalomdan o\u02bbrganish va zarur paytda musulmonlarga yordam berish edi. Biroq Makka fath qilinib, Allohning amrlari ado etiladigan joyga aylangach, hijratning farzligi tugab, u mandub amalga aylandi. Ya\u02bcni, Makka fathidan keyin hijrat farz maqomidan chiqib, mandub va mustahab amal sifatida qoldi. Hadislarda \u201cqiyomatgacha davom etishi\u201d aytilgan hijrat ham ana shu mandub hijratdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Masalaga shu tarzda qaralsa, \u201cFathdan keyin hijrat yo\u02bbq\u201d<\/em><\/strong> mazmunidagi hadis bilan o\u02bbsha hadislar o\u02bbrtasida ziddiyat yo\u02bbqligi ayon bo\u02bbladi. Ya\u02bcni, fathdan keyin bekor qilingani \u2013 hijratning farzligi, ammo mandubligi \u2013 qiyomatgacha.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ibn Hajar Asqaloniyning aytishicha, hijrat ikki turga bo\u02bblinadi:<\/span>
\nbirinchisi \u2013 tahdidli yurtdan xavfsiz yurtga; ikkinchisi \u2013 kufr diyoridan islom diyoriga. Makkadan Habashistonga qilingan hijrat va Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam hijratlaridan oldingi Madinaga ko\u02bbchish birinchi turga kiradi. Payg\u02bbambarimiz Madinaga borib, joylashganlaridan keyin u yerga hijrat qilish esa ikkinchi tur hisoblanadi. Ammo Makka fath etilganidan keyin Makkadan hijrat qilish hukmi tugadi. Kufr diyoridan hijrat qilish esa muayyan sharoitlarda davom etadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nabiy sollallohu alayhi vasallamdan hijratning eng afzali haqida so\u02bbralganda: \u201cRabbing azza va jalla yomon ko\u02bbrgan narsani tark qilmog\u02bbingdir\u201d<\/em><\/strong> (Nasoiy rivoyati),<\/em> yana bir hadislarida: \u201cAlloh harom qilgan narsani tark qilish\u201d <\/em><\/strong>(Nasoiy rivoyati),<\/em> deganlar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Anglab olish muhim bo\u02bblgan jihat shuki, hijratga shar\u02bciy sabab bo\u02bblishi lozim. Shariatga muvofiq, hijrat \u201ckufr diyori\u201ddan \u201cislom diyori\u201dga ko\u02bbchishdir. Ya\u02bcni, musulmonlarning yashab turgan yurtida joni, e\u02bctiqodi, mol-mulkiga nisbatan tajovuz kuchayganda, hijrat qilish lozim bo\u02bbladi. Aks holda, bu shar\u02bciy hijrat emas, balki oddiy ko\u02bbchish bo\u02bblib qoladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hozirgi kunda dinga, ibodatlarni bajarishga to\u02bbsiq va tazyiq qo\u02bbyayotgan, ya\u02bcni, hijrat qilishga shar\u02bciy sabab bo\u02bblgan mamlakatlar deyarli yo\u02bbq. Shuning uchun hijrat qilishdan mantiq ham yo\u02bbq. Islomning farzi ayn bo\u02bblgan namoz, ro\u02bbza, zakot, haj kabi arkonlari bemalol ado etilayotgan joylardan hijrat qilish naqlga ham, aqlga ham to\u02bbg\u02bbri kelmaydi. Hatto Yevropa va Amerika mamlakatlaridan hijrat qilish ham farz hisoblanmaydi. Chunki u yurtlarda keng ma\u02bcnoda diniy erkinlik mavjud. Ammo sharoit o\u02bbzgarib, bu mamlakatlar musulmonlar bilan urush holatiga kirsa va u yerda yashovchi musulmonlar boshqa o\u02bblkalardagi musulmonlarga qarshi urushga majbur qilinsa, u yerlardan islom diyoriga hijrat qilish farz bo\u02bblishi mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIslom diyori\u201d va \u201ckufr diyori\u201d tushunchalari noto\u02bbg\u02bbri talqin qilinishi oqibatida to\u02bbg\u02bbri yondashuvga zid tarzda buzuq fatvolar tarqalib, odamlar o\u02bbrtasida ixtiloflar tug\u02bbilishiga sabab bo\u02bblmoqda. G\u02bbaraz niyatli kuchlar musulmonlar istiqomat qilib kelayotgan yurtlarni \u201ckufr diyori\u201d deb atab, undan hijrat qilishga chaqirmoqda. Bunga siyosiy o\u02bbyinlar, yo g\u02bbuluvga berilish, yo fiqhiy masalalarni noto\u02bbg\u02bbri tushunish, bir so\u02bbz bilan aytganda, ilmsizlik sabab bo\u2018layotgani aniq. Chin musulmon kishi hech qachon dinimiz hukmlarini o\u02bbzboshimchalik bilan o\u02bbzgartirmaydi. O\u02bbzgartiryapti ekan, uning siyosiy yo moddiy biror sababi bo\u02bbladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hijratni o\u02bbziga farz qilib olganlar yashab turgan joyida qandaydir juz\u02bciy kamchiliklar bo\u02bblgani uchun yurtini tark etmoqchi bo\u02bblsa, boradigan joyida undan-da kattaroq muammo yo fitnalarga duchor bo\u02bblishi aniq. Chunki hijratga chaqirayotganlarning shar\u02bciy dalillari yo\u02bbq, ular aldov yo\u02bbli bilan sodda odamlarni g\u02bburbat va xunrezlik botqog\u02bbiga botirishni maqsad qilgan, xolos.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qodirxon MAHMUDOV,
\n<\/strong><\/span>Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi ilmiy xodimi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hijrat o\u02bbta nozik masalalardan hisoblanadi. Chunki u insonning yashash joyi, dini va jamiyat bilan munosabati kabi muhim jihatlar bilan bog\u02bbliq. Shu sababli ulamolar bu masalaga Qur\u02bcon va Sunnatga tayanib, juda ehtiyotkorlik bilan yondashgan. Afsuski, ayrim toifalar odamlarning oyat va hadislarni chuqur tushunmasligidan foydalanib, ularni o\u02bbz g\u02bbarazli maqsadlari yo\u02bblida talqin qilmoqda. Oqibatda odamlar orasida turli ixtilof …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":49680,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2449,639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nHIJRAT VA UNING NOTO\u02bbG\u02bbRI TALQINI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"HIJRAT VA UNING NOTO\u02bbG\u02bbRI TALQINI\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=49678&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"HIJRAT VA UNING NOTO\u02bbG\u02bbRI TALQINI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"HIJRAT VA UNING NOTO\u02bbG\u02bbRI TALQINI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=49678&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bukharicenter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-05-05T05:37:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-05-05T10:49:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/hijrattal26.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"440\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=49678&lang=oz\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=49678&lang=oz\",\"name\":\"HIJRAT VA UNING NOTO\u02bbG\u02bbRI TALQINI - 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