{"id":47811,"date":"2026-01-21T10:06:11","date_gmt":"2026-01-21T05:06:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=47811"},"modified":"2026-01-20T15:08:25","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T10:08:25","slug":"hadislarni-inkor-etish-sabablari-va-oqibatlar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=47811&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"HADISLARNI INKOR ETISH SABABLARI VA OQIBATLAR"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Hadis ilmi bugungi kunda eng ko\u02bbp muhokama qilinadigan va bahs-munozara mavzusi bo\u02bblgan ilm sohasidir. Ayniqsa, so\u02bbnggi paytlarda qarshi chiqish, inkor qilish va sunnatning ishonchliligi kabi masalalar turli joylarda va platformalarda ko\u02bbp muhokama qilinmoqda va buning salbiy ta\u02bcsirlarini afsus bilan kuzatmoqdamiz. Achinarlisi, hadisga qarshi harakat insonni faqat Qur\u02bcon musulmonligiga, Islom faqat Qur\u02bcondan iborat degan tushunchaga olib kelmoqda. Masalan, bu kontekstda taqdir, qabr azobi, mo\u02bbjiza, shafoat, tarovih kabi ko\u02bbplab masalalar juda oddiy sabablar tufayli rad etilishi mumkin. Boshqa tomondan, bu holat Qur\u02bcon musulmonligi kabi ta\u02bcsirli, yaltiroq bayonotlar bilan jozibali qilib ko\u02bbrsatilmoqda. Bugungi kunda bu bayonotlar tobora keng tarqalmoqda, hadislar bizga shubhali va ishonchsiz deb aytilmoqda va hadisga nisbatan salbiy munosabat bildirilmoqda. Shuning uchun bu masalani bugungi fitnalardan biri deb aytish mumkin. Bu masalaga e\u02bctibor bermaydigan, passiv qoladigan va oddiy deb ko\u02bbradiganlar ham endi bu yo\u02bbnalishning yaxshilik olib kelmasligini tan olib, bu harakatga qarshi turish zarurligini ta\u02bckidlamoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Afsuski, ba\u02bczi odamlar ommaviy axborot vositalarida chiqib, bu holatga yordam bermoqda va odamlarning ongini chalg\u02bbitishning bir mahorati deb hisoblamoqda. Go\u02bbyoki hadislar haqida shubhalar uyg\u02bbotish va ba\u02bczi hadislarni rad etish ularning asosiy vazifasi kabi harakat qilmoqdalar. Masalan, televideniega chiqqan bir akademik unga berilgan barcha savollarga faqat Qur\u02bconni asos qilib javob bermoqda va hech qanday holda sunnatni tilga olmayapti. Go\u02bbyoki din faqat Qur\u02bcondan iborat degan tushunchani tinglovchilarga etkazishga harakat qilmoqda. Unga \u201csen sunnatga qarshimisan?\u201d deb so\u02bbralsa, \u201cyo\u02bbq\u201d deb javob berib, odamlarni osonlikcha adashtirmoqda. Buning misollarini bir necha bor kuzatganmiz. Buni yashirin sunnat inkorchiligi deb ham atash mumkin. Yana bir misol keltirsak, Ramazon oyida televideniega chiqib, tarovihning hadislarda yo\u02bbqligini isbotlashga harakat qilayotganlarni ham ko\u02bbrmoqdamiz. Bu salbiy ta\u02bcsir natijasida ko\u02bbplab odamlar tarovih namozini o\u02bbqishni tark etganini, masjidlarimizdagi jamoatning oldinga nisbatan kamayganini kuzatmoqdamiz. Bugungi kunda odamlarda eng katta kamchilik samimiylik va ixlossizlik ekanligi fikridamiz. Ko\u02bbplab muammolarning ildizi shu erda yotibdi. Maqom, shon-sharaf, qiziqish va olqishlar bu turdagi odamlarning chiqish nuqtasini tashkil etmoqda. Turli narsalarni aytishing kerakki, odamlarning qiziqishini va e\u02bctiborini jalb qilsin deydiganlar shunday fikrlashlari kerak; dinni tushuntiruvchi odamlarning vazifasi, odamlarni dindan, iymondan, payg\u02bbambardan, axloqdan va ibodatlardan uzoqlashtirish, odamlarning ongida diniy qadriyatlarga nisbatan shubha va ikkilanish uyg\u02bbotishmi yoki aksincha? Odamlarga zarar beryaptimi yoki foyda beryaptimi, buni o\u02bbylashlari kerak.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">1980-yillardan oldin ham o\u02bbzini keskin qarashlarga berib yuborgan odamlar chiqqan. Xususan, Eron inqilobining jozibasiga berilib, shialikka o\u02bbtganlar, juma namozini o\u02bbqish joiz emasligini aytganlar, partiya tuzish va ovoz berish shirk ekanligini aytganlar, mamlakatimizni dorul-harb hududi deb, shuning uchun foiz va shu kabi narsalar muboh ekanligini aytganlar, Islomni faqat axloqqa tushirishga urinishlar va hokazolarni kuzatganmiz. Shuning uchun har davrda bu kabi salbiy fikrlovchi kichik miqyosli marginal oqimlar doimo bo\u02bblgan. Esdan chiqarmaslik kerakki, tarix davomida barcha bu salbiyliklarga qaramay, katta bir qism doimo o\u02bbrta yo\u02bblda bo\u02bblib, islomning buyurgan mo\u02bbtadil yo\u02bblida qolishga muvaffaq bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Hadisga qarshi muxolifat harakatining yoki hadis inkorchiligining qisqa tarixiga nazar tashlasak, birinchi harakat hijriy ikkinchi asrda sodir bo\u02bblgan, ikkinchisi esa XIX asrda, madaniyat va sivilizatsiya jihatidan g\u02bbarbning gegemonligi ostida bo\u02bblgan muhitda paydo bo\u02bblgan. Avval Hindiston va Misrda bu harakatlar o\u02bbzini ko\u02bbrsatgan, keyinchalik boshqa hududlarga ham tarqalgan. Bu harakatlarda ishtirok etgan guruhlar orasida sunnatni qisman rad etganlar ham, sunnatni to\u02bbliq rad etganlar ham bo\u02bblgan. Shuning uchun hadisga qarshi chiqish bayonotlarining ba\u02bczi izlarini hijriy ikkinchi asrda topish mumkin. Uzoq bir jarayondan so\u02bbng hadisga qarshi chiqish harakati XIX asrda qayta paydo bo\u02bblib, bugungi kungacha ma\u02bclum bosqichlardan o\u02bbtib kelgan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Imom Shofeiy (204\/819) o\u02bbz davrida paydo bo\u02bblgan hadis muxoliflari bilan kurashgan va bu turdagi shaxslar haqida \u201cal-Umm\u201d asarining \u201cJam\u02bcul ilm\u201d qismda maxsus bob ochgan<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>. Shofeiy o\u02bbz davrida sunnatga qarshi tashkil etilgan salbiy harakatlarni uch guruhga ajratgan:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Birinchi guruhning da\u02bcvosi shunday: Qur\u02bcon hamma narsani tushuntirgan. Hadis esa odamlar tomonidan naql va rivoyat qilingan. Shuning uchun sunnat, din va shariatda Qur\u02bconga qarshi qanday qilib dalil bo\u02bblishi mumkin? Qur\u02bcon hadisga muhtoj emas va hadis roviylari xatolar, unutuvchanlik va yolg\u02bbondan xoli emasligi sababli hadisning islom shariatida o\u02bbrni yo\u02bbq, deb hisoblashgan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Ikkinchi guruhning fikri shunday: Bir masalada kelgan hadislar faqat Qur\u02bcon tomonidan o\u02bbsha masala tushuntirilgan bo\u02bblsa, qabul qilinadi. Bundan tashqaridagilar qabul qilinmaydi. Ya\u02bcni sunnat Qur\u02bconga qo\u02bbshimcha hukm olib kela olmaydi, deb sunnat qisman chetga chiqariladi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Uchinchi guruhga ko\u02bbra, faqat mutavotir hadislar qabul qilinishi kerak, ohod xabarlar esa rad etilishi kerak.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/isamveri.org\/pdfdrg\/G00123\/2016\/2016_SANCAKLIS.pdf\">Bu guruhga ko\u02bbra, hadislarning deyarli barchasi inkor qilingan bo\u02bbladi<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Imom Shofeiy bu guruhlarning fikrlarini keltirish bilan birga, ularga zarur javoblarni ham bergan. Ammo bu fikr egalari qaysi mazhabdan va kimlar ekanligini aniq aytmagan<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a>. Xuzoriyning ta\u02bckidlashicha, bu fikr egalari Ibn Qutayba (vaf. 889-y.) aytganidek, mo\u02bbtazilaning etakchi kalomchilari bo\u02bblgan Nazzom (vaf. 835) va Johiz (vaf. 869) kabi shaxslar bo\u02bblishi mumkin, chunki ular hadisga hujum qilgan<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a>ligini keltirgan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Bu erda hadisga qarshi bo\u02bblganlar kimlar va qancha kishi ekanligi haqida aniq ma\u02bclumotga ega bo\u02bblish qiyin, faqat taxminiy narsalar aytiladi. Xatib Bag\u02bbdodiy (vaf. 1071) ham hadisga muxolif bo\u02bblgan guruhlar orasida bid\u02bcatchilar, mo\u02bbtazila kalomchilari va ahli sunnatdan tashqari firqalar borligini ta\u02bckidlab, o\u02bbxshash fikrlarni keltiradi<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Bizning fikrimizcha, bu erda bu shaxslarning kimlar ekanligi unchalik muhim emas. Muhim jihat, o\u02bbsha davrda sunnatga qarshi bir muxolif harakatning borligi va uning aniqlanganidir. Ammo shuni ham ta\u02bckidlash kerakki, ularni katta bir guruh yoki mazhab deb bo\u02bblmaydi. Marginal va kichik bir guruh odamlar bu salbiylik ichida bo\u02bblgan. Keyinchalik bu turdagi bayonotlarning davom etmasligi va ularning ovozlarining qisqa muddat ichida to\u02bbxtashi ham buni tasdiqlaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Sunnat muxoliflarining ilgari surgan da\u02bcvolarining boshida sunnatning ishonchli emasligi da\u02bcvosi turadi. Bu kimsalar hadisning bizga etib kelishi\/intiqoli borasida shubhalar borligini ilgari surmoqdalar. Holbuki, hadis tarixi va hadis usulini o\u02bbqiganlar, hadisning bizga oddiy tarzda emas, balki sanad orqali kelganini, sanadi bo\u02bblmagan hadisga hadis deyilmasligini biladilar. Hadis = sanad + matn. Matni bo\u02bblmagan hadisga ham hadis deyilmaydi. Bir hadisning sanadi bo\u02bblishi ham etarli bo\u02bblmay, bu sanadning roviylari jarh-ta\u02bcdilga tobe tutilganini, natijada sog\u02bblomlik jihatidan sahih, hasan, zaif va mavzu hadis turlari paydo bo\u02bblganini ko\u02bbramiz. Muhaddislarning sanad, roviy, jarh-ta\u02bcdil mavzularida qilgan ishlarini o\u02bbrganganda aqlga sig\u02bbmas darajada ekanini ko\u02bbramiz. Minglab roviylar o\u02bbrganilib, tekshirilib, manbalarda holatlari, shaxsiyatlari, biografiyalari, ijobiy-manfiy jihatlari bilan yozilgan. Bugun ham xohlagan har bir kishi bu roviylarni tanish imkoniga ega. Shuning uchun hadisning bizga etib kelishi borasida katta sa\u02bcy-harakatlar qilingan. Hadis tanqidi qilingani kabi matn tanqidi ham qilinganini bilamiz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Hadislar juda erta davrlarda, ba\u02bczi sahobalar tomonidan yozib olingan (kitobat), shundan keyin ularni ikki muqova orasiga to\u02bbplash (tadvin) faoliyati boshlangan. Ayniqsa tadvin, hadis ilmining shakllanish jarayonini boshlatgan juda muhim rivojlanishdir. Bu faoliyat, avvalo hadisni bilgan birinchi avlodning endi vafot eta boshlashi va ayniqsa bid\u02bcat ahlining hadis to\u02bbqish faoliyatlari kabi, Islom jamiyatida Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.)ning vafotidan qisqa muddat o\u02bbtgach yuz bergan rivojlanishlar oldida ulamolarning murojaat qilgan himoya sa\u02bcy-harakatidir. Chunki hadislarni yozishga, sahobalar tomonidan Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.)ning hayoti davridayoq boshlangani o\u02bbylansa, tobein davrida buning tobora kengayishi va bu ikkinchi avlodning, uchrashganlari yoki shaxsan borgan sahobalardan eshitgan hadislarni yozib olishi juda tabiiy bo\u02bblishi kerak. Bu ham kitobatdan tadvinga o\u02bbtish davriga dalolat qiladi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Hadislarni sahifalarga, terilarga va shu kabi parchalarga, suyaklarga yozib qayd etish, yodlash sahobalarning mehnat va sa\u02bcy-harakatlari Rasululloh (s.a.v.) davrida boshlangan. Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.) (s.a.v.) vafotidan keyin ham hadislarni qayd etish to\u02bbxtamay, yozib olish va yodlash bilan davom etgan. To rasman davlat tomonidan tadvin qilinguniga qadar. Hadislarni tizimli va davlat tomonidan rasman bir joyga to\u02bbplashga hijriy birinchi asrning oxirlari va ikkinchi asrning boshlarida ummatning amiri Umar ibn Abdulaziz (vaf. 101\/719) tomonidan qo\u02bbl urilgan<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/a>. Hazrati Abu Bakr va Hazrati Usmonning ham xalifaliklari davrida Qur\u02bconni jamlash va nusxa ko\u02bbchirish ishlari amalga oshirilgani ma\u02bclum. Bu erda ham har ikki faoliyat tadvin, jamlash va nusxa ko\u02bbchirish amirlar tomonidan, davlatning aralashuvi bilan rasman amalga oshirilgan. Qur\u02bconni jamlash bilan hadislarni tadvin qilish bir-biriga juda o\u02bbxshash. Har ikki holatda ham nasslarning yo\u02bbqolib ketish xavfi mavjud bo\u02bblgani uchun davlatning aralashuvi bo\u02bblgan. Ammo davlat aralashuvidan oldin ham Qur\u02bconni jamlash va hadislarni tadvin qilish shaxsiy tarzda amalga oshirilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Sahobalar inson bo\u02bblgani uchun yodlash jihatidan boshqa odamlar kabidir. Xato, unutuvchanlik va boshqa kamchiliklar ular uchun ham mavjud bo\u02bblishi mumkin. Bu xatolarni bartaraf etish va hadisni eng to\u02bbg\u02bbri tarzda aniqlash bir necha sahobaning guvohligi bilan ta\u02bcminlanishi mumkin. Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.)ning pok sunnatiga yolg\u02bbon aralashmasligi yoki tahrifdan himoya qilinishi juda muhim edi. Rasulullohga yolg\u02bbon nisbat berishning mas\u02bculiyatini anglab etishgan. Shu qo\u02bbrquv bilan ba\u02bczi sahobalar ko\u02bbp hadis rivoyat qilishdan qochganlar, kam rivoyatni yaxshi ko\u02bbrishgan va har imkoniyatda hadisning to\u02bbg\u02bbriligini aniqlash uchun dalillar izlashgan<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/a>. Hazrati Oisha, Hazrati Umar va hatto Hazrati Abu Bakrning vaqt-vaqti bilan \u201cHasbuna Kitabulloh\u201d (bizga Allohning kitobi etarli) degan so\u02bbzlaridan bu nozik fikrning asoschilarini faqat rivoyat suiiste\u02bcmolchilari bo\u02bblishi mumkin<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\"><sup>[7]<\/sup><\/a>. Chunki sahobalar hadis rivoyat qilishda juda hassos, ehtiyotkor va ogoh edilar. Shu bilan birga, Qur\u02bconning nozil bo\u02bblishini davom ettirishini o\u02bbylab, uni hadislar bilan aralashtirmaslik va uni qalblarga yaxshi joylashtirish masalasida ham juda hassos, ehtiyotkor va ogoh edilar. Ularning bu jihatlarini boshqa joylarga tortish ilmiy tushuncha bilan mos kelmaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Tarixiy jarayonda Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.)ning maqomi ba\u02bczan to\u02bbliq rad etilishi mumkin bo\u02bblgani kabi, ba\u02bczan qisman chetlatilgan. Masalan, ilk mazhablardan xorijiylar (Ibodiylardan tashqari) hadisni to\u02bbliq rad etgan, shia va mu\u02bctazila esa o\u02bbzlariga xos tushuncha va metod bilan qisman rad etganlar. Ammo natijada har ikki turdagi inkor ham hadis inkori deb atalishi mumkin. Demak, deyishimiz mumkinki, qisman bo\u02bblsin yoki to\u02bbliq bo\u02bblsin, rivoyat qilingan hadislarni rad etish inkor tushunchasining bir qismi bo\u02bbladi. Ta\u02bcvilda haddan oshish ham hadisni bekor qilish kabidir<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\"><sup>[8]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Bu ergacha qilingan tahlildan Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.)ning Islomda juda muhim o\u02bbringa ega ekani tushuniladi. Unga berilgan hikmatning manbai vahiydir. Bu, albatta, hadis va sunnat shaklida namoyon bo\u02bbladi. Yuksak axloq sohibi bo\u02bblgan Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.)ga kelgan vahiy, Qur\u02bconi karim bilan cheklanmaydi. Uning maqtovga sazovor sifatlari va dindagi o\u02bbrni jihatidan unga ergashish zarur. Unga itoat qilish, hayotida ham, vafotidan keyin ham vojibdir. Ammo, barcha bu xususiyatlariga qaramay, Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.) ham inson bo\u02bblib, inson bo\u02bblishning barcha talablarini bajarishi kerak.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Qur\u02bconi karimga asoslanib chizilgan bu doira ichida, hadis inkori tushunchasining ba\u02bczi xususiyatlarini aniqlash mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">a) Qur\u02bconning Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.) uchun belgilagan asosiy xususiyatlaridan birini rad etish, uning sunnatini va sunnatning naqli bo\u02bblgan hadislarni rad etish ma\u02bcnosini anglatadi. Masalan, Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.)ning Qur\u02bcondan boshqa vahiy olmagani qabul qilinsa, ibodatlardagi sunnatning majburiyati bekor bo\u02bbladi. Bu holda, namozni Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.)ning o\u02bbqiganidek o\u02bbqishga hojat qolmaydi. Masalan, peshin namozini to\u02bbrt rakat o\u02bbrniga bir yoki uch rakat o\u02bbqish mumkin bo\u02bbladi. Holbuki, bu dinning tahrifidir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">b) Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.)ning dindagi o\u02bbrnini qisman yoki to\u02bbliq rad etish ham hadis inkori tushunchasining doirasiga kiradi. Tarixda buning misollari ko\u02bbrilgan. Xorijiylar (Ibodiylardan tashqari) hadislarni to\u02bbliq rad etgan bo\u02bblsa, shia va mo\u02bbtazila qisman rad etgan. Ya\u02bcni, hadis va sunnatni inkor qilish, qisman bo\u02bblsin yoki to\u02bbliq bo\u02bblsin, har ikkisi ham inkor tushunchasiga kiradi.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Ammo, bu erda bir nuqtani ta\u02bckidlash foydali bo\u02bbladi. Hadislarning metodik tahlildan keyin tanqid qilinishi inkor sifatida qabul qilinmaydi. Har bir hadis sanad va matn jihatidan o\u02bbrganishga ochiqdir. Bunday tahlil natijasida hadis shubha bilan qaralishi mumkin. Shu bilan birga, hadislarni tushunish va talqin qilish ham shaxsning shaxsiy sa\u02bcy-harakatlariga ko\u02bbra o\u02bbzgarishi mumkin. Hadisni talqin qiluvchi shaxs sahih bo\u02bblsa ham, o\u02bbsha hadis bilan amal qilish mumkin emas degan fikrga kelishi mumkin. Buning barchasi hadislarni inkor qilish ma\u02bcnosini anglatmaydi. Bu borada, Ibn Taymiya (vaf. 728-y.) hadislarni rad etish uchun uchta asosiy sababni ilgari suradi: Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.)ning o\u02bbsha so\u02bbzni aytganiga ishonch hosil qilmaslik, mavjud hadis bilan o\u02bbsha masala ko\u02bbzda tutilganiga ishonmaslik va hadisning mansux bo\u02bblishi<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\"><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">c) Yuqorida aytilganlardan tashqari, ta\u02bcvilda haddan oshish orqali ham hadislarni inkor qilish mumkin. Keyingi vaqtlarda ko\u02bbriladiganidek, Murjiiy va Mu\u02bctazila kabi ba\u02bczi guruhlar hadislarni haddan tashqari ta\u02bcvil qilish yo\u02bbliga kirib, to\u02bbg\u02bbridan-to\u02bbg\u02bbri rad eta olmagan hadislarni ta\u02bcvil yo\u02bbli bilan rad etishgan. Bu masalaga jiddiy e\u02bctibor qaratgan G\u02bbazzoliy (vaf. 505-y.), mavjudlikni; zotiy mavjudlik, hissiy mavjudlik, xayoliy mavjudlik, oliy mavjudlik va shibhi mavjudlik shaklida besh kategoriyaga ajratib, hadislarni bu besh mavjudlik sohasidan tashqari ta\u02bcvil qilishni inkor deb hisoblaydi<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\"><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Bu izohlardan so\u02bbng hadis inkori tushunchasini quyidagicha ta\u02bcriflash mumkin: Qur\u02bconning Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.)ga bergan maqomi va unga ergashish zaruriyatini, fikr yoki amalda, aqlga muvofiq va ilmiy hech qanday sababsiz, qisman yoki to\u02bbliq rad etish hadislarni inkor qilishdir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Bu ta\u02bcrif to\u02bbrt qismdan iborat:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">\u201cQur\u02bconning Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.)ga bergan maqomi va unga ergashish zaruriyati\u201d xulosalarning zaruriy natijasidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">\u201cFikr va amalda\u201d iborasi bilan, ayniqsa klassik kalom maktablaridan ba\u02bczilarining kalom tizimlarida hadisga o\u02bbrin bermasliklari yoki hadislarni haddan tashqari ta\u02bcvil qilishlari nazarda tutilmoqda. Amal iborasi bilan nazarda tutilgani esa ibodat, axloq va huquq tizimi jihatidan amaliy masalalardir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">\u201cAqlga muvofiq va ilmiy hech qanday sababsiz\u201d deyilganining ma\u02bcnosi shunday: Hadis sahih bo\u02bblsa ham, ba\u02bczan amal qilinmasligi mumkin. Shuning uchun ba\u02bczi olimlar \u201char sahih hadis bilan amal qilinmaydi\u201d deganlar. Ikkinchidan, bir hadis ilmiy metodlar doirasida sahih emasligi aniqlansa, u hadis bilan ham amal qilinmaydi. Ammo bu erda asosiy nazarda tutilgani, insonning bilim va aqlini ishlatib hadislarni tanqid qilish huquqining tan olinishidir. Bizga ko\u02bbra, har bir inson bu huquqqa ega va bu huquqdan foydalangani uchun hadis inkorchisi deb atalmaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">\u201cQisman yoki to\u02bbliq rad etish\u201d iborasiga kelsak; bizga ko\u02bbra hadis va sunnat bir butundir. Bir qismini qabul qilib, bir qismini qabul qilmaslik to\u02bbg\u02bbri emas. Boshqa so\u02bbz bilan aytganda, hadislarning bir qismini rad etish, barchasini rad etish kabidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Davomi bor\u2026<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> Imom Shofeiy. Kitobul Umm. (Jam\u02bcul ilm). \u2013 Bayrut: 1973. J. VII. \u2013 B. 273-289.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Imom Shofeiy. Kitobul Umm. J. VII. \u2013 B. 273-289.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> Xuzariy. Islom huquqi tarixi. Haydar Xatib o\u02bbg\u02bbli tarj. \u2013 Istanbul: Kahraman yayinlari, 1974. \u2013 B. 198.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> Xatib Bag\u02bbdodiy. Sharafu as\u02bchobil hadis. M.S. Xatibo\u02bbg\u02bbli tahqiqi. \u2013 Anqara: A.U.\u0130.F.Y., 1972. \u2013 B. 20-21.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> Cakin K. \u0130lk Hicri asirlarda Hadis etrafindaki \u015fupheler ve Hadis inkarciligi. \u2013 Anqara: 1990. \u2013 B. 103.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> O\u02bbsha manba. \u2013 B. 128.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> Gormez M. Kuran Islami ve Kitabus Sunne. \u2013 Anqara: 1998. \u2013 B. IV.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> Cakin. \u0130lk Hicri asirlarda Hadis etrafindaki \u015fupheler ve Hadis inkarciligi. \u2013 Anqara: 1990. \u2013 B. 134.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> Ibn Taymiya. Risolatu raf\u02bcil malom. \u2013 Misr: 1341-1345. \u2013 B. 55.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> G\u02bbazzoliy, Abu Homid. Faysalut tafriqa baynal islam vaz zanodiqa. Misr: 1325\/1907. \u2013 B. 7.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Otabek MUHAMMADIYEV, <\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi direktor o\u02bbrinbosari, <\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">tarix fanlari bo\u02bbyicha falsafa doktori (PhD), katta ilmiy xodim<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hadis ilmi bugungi kunda eng ko\u02bbp muhokama qilinadigan va bahs-munozara mavzusi bo\u02bblgan ilm sohasidir. Ayniqsa, so\u02bbnggi paytlarda qarshi chiqish, inkor qilish va sunnatning ishonchliligi kabi masalalar turli joylarda va platformalarda ko\u02bbp muhokama qilinmoqda va buning salbiy ta\u02bcsirlarini afsus bilan kuzatmoqdamiz. Achinarlisi, hadisga qarshi harakat insonni faqat Qur\u02bcon musulmonligiga, Islom faqat Qur\u02bcondan iborat degan tushunchaga olib &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":47812,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2449,639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>HADISLARNI INKOR ETISH SABABLARI VA OQIBATLAR - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"HADISLARNI INKOR ETISH SABABLARI VA OQIBATLAR\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=47811&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"HADISLARNI INKOR ETISH SABABLARI VA OQIBATLAR - 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