{"id":45215,"date":"2025-09-17T11:55:17","date_gmt":"2025-09-17T06:55:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=45215"},"modified":"2025-09-17T17:56:50","modified_gmt":"2025-09-17T12:56:50","slug":"mashhur-qiroat-imomlarining-hayoti-va-ilmiy-merosi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=45215&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"MASHHUR QIROAT IMOMLARINING HAYOTI VA ILMIY MEROSI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zahabiyning \u201cSiyar A\u2019lomi an-Nubala\u201d va Xoyruddin Zarkaliyning \u201cQomus tarojimi li ashhari ar-rijal\u201d asarlari islomiy ilm-fan tarixida muhim o\u2018rin tutgan shaxslarning tarjimai holi va ilmiy merosi haqida batafsil ma\u2019lumot beradi. Zahabiy o\u2018z asarida Qur\u2019oni karim qiroatlariga asos solgan imomlar hayoti, ilmiy faoliyati va ularning shogirdlari haqida ma\u2019lumotlarni keltiradi. Xoyruddin Zarkaliy esa, musulmon dunyosidagi mashhur shaxslar, jumladan, qiroat imomlari haqida aniq va batafsil ma\u2019lumotlarni beradi. Ushbu adabiyotlar Qur\u2019oni karim qiroatlari va ularning tarixini o\u2018rganish uchun asosiy manba bo\u2018lib xizmat qiladi. Ularning birgalikda o\u2018rganilishi mavzuni keng qamrovda tushunishga yordam beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qur\u2019oni karim qiroatlari islom madaniyati va ilm-fani rivojida muhim o\u2018rin tutadi. Yetti mashhur qiroat imomlari Qur\u2019oni karimni har xil talaffuz va talaffuz uslublarida saqlab, uni keyingi avlodlarga to\u2018g\u2018ri yetkazishga ulkan hissa qo\u2018shgan. Ushbu maqolada ularning hayoti, ilmiy faoliyati va arab tili rivojiga qo\u2018shgan hissasi tahlil qilinadi. Shu bilan birga, qiroat orqali arab tilining rivojlanishi va uning lug\u2018aviy hamda grammatik xususiyatlari yoritiladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ulamolarimiz Qur\u2019oni karim va qiroatlar o\u2018ziga xos ikki alohida-alohida narsalar ekanini ta\u2019kidlagan. Bu borada Imom Zarkashiy quyidagilarni aytadi: \u201cBilki, Qur\u2019on va qiroatlar ayri-ayri ikki haqiqatdir. Qur\u2019on Muhammad sollallohu alayhi vasallamga bayon va e\u2019joz \u2013 ojiz qoldirish uchun nozil bo\u2018lgan vahiydir. Qiroatlar esa o\u2018sha vahiy lafzlarining harflar yozilishi yoxud yengil, og\u2018ir va shu kabi talaffuz kayfiyatidagi turlichaligidir\u201d [5:318].<\/span><\/p>\n

Alloh taolo \u201cYusuf\u201d surasining 2-oyatida shunday marhamat qiladi: \u201cAlbatta, Biz uni (Kitobni) anglashingiz uchun arabiy Qur\u2019on tarzida nozil qildik\u201d<\/strong>. Ma\u02bclumki, arablar bir nechta nufuzli qabilalardan tashkil topgan. Har bir qabilaning shevasi mavjud. Mazkur qabilalarning shevasidagi farqlar so\u02bbzning talaffuzida sezilib tursa-da, odatda, ma\u02bcnosiga katta ta\u02bcsir ko\u02bbrsatmaydi. Bu ham arab tilining jozibadorligi va keng qamrovli ekanining bir ko\u02bbrinishidir. Qur\u02bconning arab tilida \u201cyetti harf\u201dda nozil bo\u02bblishi hikmatining siri ham shunda. Shunga ko\u2018ra, bizga yetti qiroat mutavotir tarzda yetib kelgan. Bu qiroatlarning imomlari ham bor. Quyida ularning hayoti, ilmiy faoliyati va arab tiliga qo\u2018shgan hissasi haqida ma\u2019lumot beramiz:<\/span><\/p>\n

Nofi\u2019 al-Madaniy<\/strong> 70\/689 yilda tug\u2018ilgan. To\u2018liq ismi: Nofi\u2019 ibn Abdurrahmon ibn Abu Nuaym al-Laysiy al-Madaniy [9:377).<\/span><\/p>\n

Nofi\u2019 al-Madaniy (Hijoz lahjasi): Uning qiroati arab tilining toza Madina lahjasini saqlashda muhim rol o\u2018ynagan. Imom Nofi\u2019 al-Madaniy\u00a0 Qur\u2019on tilovati bilan mashhur bo\u2018lib, uning tilovatidan atrofga mushk hidi taralardi. Odamlar undan bu holning sababini so\u2018rashganda, u shunday javob bergan:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMen Qur\u2019onni tilovat qilishni boshlagan paytdan beri Jabroilning hidini his qilaman va bu hid mendan hech qachon ketmadi\u201d [9:378].<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu voqea Qur\u2019oni karim bilan sodiq aloqada bo\u2018lishning barakasi va ma\u2019naviy o\u2018zgarishlarga dalolatdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nofi\u2019 Madinada tug\u2018ilib, butun umrini Qur\u2019on ilmini o\u2018rganishga va o\u2018rgatishga bag\u2018ishlagan. U Rasululloh (s.a.v.)ning tilovatini to\u2018g\u2018ridan-to\u2018g\u2018ri sahoba va tobeinlardan qabul qilgan. Madinadagi mashhur qiroat ulamolarining eng ulug\u2018laridan biri hisoblanadi. Mashhur 7 ta qiroat imomini biri hisoblanadi. Nofi\u2019 gapiradigan bo\u2018lsa, uni og\u2018zidan mushk-anbar hidi kelar edi. Bir kuni undan bu haqida so\u2018rashganda \u201cMen tushimda Nabiy sollallohu alayhi vasallamni ko\u2018rdim. U zot menga Qur\u2019on tilovat qilib berdi\u201d, deb javob bergan [9:377].<\/span><\/p>\n

U Nabiy sollallohu alayhi vasallamni masjidlarida 60 yil imomlik qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ilmiy faoliyati.<\/strong> U 70 dan ortiq ustozdan Qur\u2019on qiroatini o\u2018rgangan. Jumladan, Abdurrahmon ibn Hurmuz va Abu Ja\u2019far al-Madaniy kabi mashhur tobeinlardan, Shayba ibn Nisoh, Muslim ibn Jundub Huzaliy, Yazid ibn Ravmondan ilm olgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shogirdlari.<\/strong> Qolun (Isa ibn Minah): U Nofi\u2019 qiroatini keng yoyib, Shimoliy Afrika va Misrda mashhur qilgan. Varsh (Usmon ibn Said): Marokash, Jazoir va G\u2018arbiy Afrikada uning qiroati bugungi kunda ham ishlatiladi. Molikiy mazhabi asoschisi Molik ibn Anas ham uni mashhur shogirdlaridan bo\u2018lgan. Hatto Molik u haqda \u201cNofi\u2019 qiroat borasida insonlarning imomi\u201d, deb aytgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Nofi\u2019 169\/785-yil Madina shahrida dunyodan ko\u2018z yumgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ibn Kasir al-Makkiy<\/strong> 45\/665-yil dunyoga kelgan. To\u2018liq ismi: Abdulloh ibn Kasir ibn Amr ibn Abdulloh ibn Zodon ibn Fayruz ad-Zorir al-Makkiy [2:92]. Ibn Kasir al-Makkiy (Makka lahjasi): Hijoz tilining lug\u2018aviy boyligini yetkazishda katta ahamiyatga ega.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ibn Kasir al-Makkiy Qur\u2019on ilmini o\u2018z ustozlariga bo\u2018lgan chuqur hurmati bilan o\u2018rgangan. U Qur\u2019ondan ta\u2019lim olayotganda hech qachon ustoziga orqa o\u2018girmas va hurmat ko\u2018rsatish uchun doimo oyoq ostiga qarab o\u2018tirardi. Odamlar undan bu odatini so\u2018raganda, u dedi:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMen Qur\u2019oni karim ilmini Allohga bo\u2018lgan hurmatim tufayli olaman. Shu sababli ustozimga ham hurmat ko\u2018rsatishim shart\u201d. Bu voqea ilm talabida hurmatning muhimligini eslatadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hayoti. Ibn Kasir tobeinlardan bo\u2018lib, Makka shahrida tug\u2018ilgan shu yerda Qur\u2019on ilmini o\u2018rgangan. U sahobalar davridan boshlangan qiroat uslubini davom ettirgan va Makkadagi ko\u2018plab ustozlardan ilm olgan. Bu ham mutavotir bo\u2018lgan yettita qiroatning imomidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ilmiy faoliyati.<\/strong> Ibn Kasir qiroatini Ibn Abbos roziyallohu anhumo va Mujohiddan o\u2018rgangan. Abdulloh ibn Zubayr kabi sahobalar bilan ham muloqotda bo\u2018lgan. Sahobalardan hadis ham rivoyat qilgan [2:365].<\/span><\/p>\n

Shogirdlari.<\/strong> Qiroat: Bozziy (Ahmad ibn Muhammad). Uning rivoyati Makkada mashhur bo\u2018lgan; Qunbul (Muhammad ibn Abdulloh). U Arab yarim orolida Ibn Kasir qiroatini keng yoygan. Ayyub Saxtiyoniy, Ibn Jurayj, Jarir ibn Hozim, Husayn ibn Voqid va boshqalar undan hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ibn Kasir Makkiy 120\/738-yil Makka shahrida vafot etgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abu Amr al-Basriy<\/strong> 70\/687-yil tug\u2018ilgan. To\u2018liq ismi: Abu Amr ibn al-A\u2019lo ibn Ammor at-Tamimiy al-Moziniy al-Basriy. Abu Amr al-Basriy Qur\u2019on ilmida beqiyos ilm egasi edi. U shogirdlariga shunday der edi:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIlm \u2013 Allohning omonati. Kim uni noto\u2018g\u2018ri ishlatsa yoki uni ommaga noto\u2018g\u2018ri yetkazsa, Allohning huzurida javob beradi\u201d [7:96, 97). Bu voqea ilmni to\u2018g\u2018ri yo\u2018lda ishlatish va uni avaylashning ahamiyatini ko\u2018rsatadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Axfash aytadi: Hasan al-Basriy Abu Amr ibn al-A\u2019loning oldidan o\u2018tib qoldi. Atrofida halqasi (majlisi) gavjum edi va odamlar uning atrofida to\u2018plangan edi. Shunda Hasan al-Basriy: \u201cBu kim?\u201d deb so\u2018radi. Unga: \u201cBu Abu Amr\u201d, deb aytishdi. Shunda Hasan al-Basriy dedi: \u201cLa ilaha illalloh (Allohdan o\u2018zga iloh yo\u2018q), olimlar deyarli podshohlarga aylanishi mumkin ekan\u201d [1:451].<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu yerda \u201cpodshohlar\u201d deganda Hasan al-Basriy olimlarning hurmat va ehtirom bilan ulug\u2018lanishini nazarda tutgan. Shu orqali u ilm va olimlarning jamiyatdagi o\u2018rni naqadar yuksakligini ta\u2019kidlaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hayoti. Abu Amr Basrada tug\u2018ilgan va yoshligidan Qur\u2019on ilmini o\u2018rganishga kirishgan. U arab tilining murakkab lug\u2018at va grammatika qoidalarini mukammal bilgan. Yana qiroat ilmida yetuk olim sanalgan. Zamonasida tengi yo\u2018q bo\u2018lgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ilmiy faoliyati.<\/strong> U Makkada tobeinlardan, xususan, Abu Ja\u2019far al-Madaniy, Mujohid ibn Jabr, Ikrima, Ato, Abdulloh ibn Kasirdan ilm o\u2018rgangan. Madinada esa Yazid, Yahyo ibn Ya\u2019murdan o\u2018rgangan. Basrada esa Hasan Basriy, Nasr ibn Osim, Valid ibn Bashshordan ilm o\u2018rgangan. Nahv, harf ilmi borasida tengi yo\u2018q bo\u2018lgan. O\u2018z zamonasida qiroat, arab tili grammatikasi, she\u2019r va arablar hayoti haqida eng bilimdon bo\u2018lgan. Unga \u201cUlamolar otasi\u201d [1:451], deb laqab berilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shogirdlari.<\/strong> Ad-Duriy (Abu Amr Hafs ibn Umar): Iroq va uning atrofida mashhur bo\u2018lgan. Suziy (Abu Shuayb): Basra va unga yaqin hududlarda tanilgan. Bu shogirdlari qiroat borasidadir. Boshqa olimlardan ham shogirdlari juda ko\u2018p bo\u2018lgan. Shuning uchun ham \u201cUlamolar otasi\u201d deb laqablangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abu Amr Basriy Kufa shahrida 154\/770-yil vafot etgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ibn Omir ash-Shomiy<\/strong> 21\/642-yil tug\u2018ilgan. To\u2018liq ismi: Abdulloh ibn Omir ibn Yazid ibn Tamim al-Yahsabiy. Abu Imron deb kunyalangan. (4:8).<\/span><\/p>\n

Hayoti.<\/strong> Ibn Omir Damashqda tug\u2018ilgan va umrining ko\u2018p qismini Shomda o\u2018tkazgan. Shuning uchun ham Shom ahlining qorisi o\u2018laroq tanilgan. U Shomdagi sahoba va tobeinlardan qiroatni o\u2018rgangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ilmiy faoliyati.<\/strong> Ibn Omir Qur\u2019onni Mug\u2018iyra ibn Shihob va Abdurrahmon ibn Yazid al-Mahzumiydan o\u2018rgangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shogirdlari.<\/strong> Hishom (Ibn Abdulloh): Shomda keng tarqalgan qiroati bo\u2018yicha shogirdi. Ibn Zakvon (Muhammad ibn Ahmad): Arab yarim oroli va atrofida mashhur bo\u2018lgan qiroat bo\u2018yicha shogirdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Shotibiy uni maqtab, sher ham yozgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ibn Omir Shomiy 118\/736-yil Damashqda vafot etgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Osim al-Kufiy<\/strong> 80\/700-yil tug\u2018ilgan., To\u2018liq ismi: Osim ibn Abi\u2019n-Najud al-Kufiy. Osim al-Kufi (Iroq lahjasi): Kufiy lahjasining grammatik o\u2018ziga xosligini saqlagan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Osim al-Kufiy Qur\u2019onni talaffuzdagi eng kichik xatolardan ham himoya qilishga intilgan. Bir safar bir shogirdi Qur\u2019onni noto\u2018g\u2018ri talaffuz qildi. Imom Osim unga dedi: \u201cEy o\u2018g\u2018lim, bu Qur\u2019on Allohning kalomi. Uni to\u2018g\u2018ri o\u2018qish har bir kishining burchidir. Agar xatoga yo\u2018l qo\u2018ysang, Qur\u2019onning ma\u2019nosi o\u2018zgaradi va bu gunohdir. Qur\u2019oni karimni o\u2018rgatishda hech qachon bo\u2018sh kelmayman\u201d. Bu voqea uning Qur\u2019onni to\u2018g\u2018ri va xatoga yo\u2018l qo\u2018ymasdan o\u2018qitishga bo\u2018lgan qat\u2019iyatini ko\u2018rsatadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hayoti.<\/strong> Osim Kufada tug\u2018ilgan va u yerda Qur\u2019on qiroati ilmini o\u2018rgangan. Yetti qiroatning bittasini imomi. Kufa shahridan bo\u2018lgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ilmiy faoliyati: Uning asosiy ustozlari Abu Abdurrahmon as-Sulamiy bo\u2018lib, u o\u2018z qiroatini Ali ibn Abu Tolib va Ibn Mas\u2019ud orqali Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallamdan o\u2018rgangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shogirdlari.<\/strong> Hafs (Hafs ibn Sulaymon): Dunyo musulmonlarining aksariyati bu rivoyatga amal qiladi. Shu\u2019ba (Abu Bakr ibn Ayyash): Kufa va uning atrofida keng tarqalgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Osim Kufiy 127\/745-yil Kufada vafot etgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hamza al-Kufiy.<\/strong> Bu olim ham 80\/699-yil Kufada tug\u2018ilgan. To\u2018liq ismi: Hamza ibn Habib ibn Imora ibn Ismoil az-Zayyat al-Kufiy. Abu Imora deb kunyalangan. Zayyot esa uning laqabi. Chunki u Kufadan Hulvonga zaytun yetkazish ishi bilan shug\u2018ullangan, shuning uchun shu laqab bilan tanilgan. Imom Hamza az-Zayyot o\u2018z halolligi va ehtiyotkorligi bilan tanilgan edi. Bir kuni bozorga borib, biror narsa sotib olishni xohlamadi, chunki uning moliyaviy holati yaxshi emas edi. Shogirdlari undan sababini so\u2018raganda, u dedi: \u201cQur\u2019onni o\u2018rgatadigan insonning rizqi halol bo\u2018lishi kerak. Agar men halol bo\u2018lmagan narsalarni iste\u2019mol qilsam, bu Qur\u2019on nurini qalbimdan ketkazadi\u201d. Bu voqea halol rizqning ilm va qalb pokligi uchun qanchalik muhim ekanini ko\u2018rsatadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hayoti.<\/strong> Hamza Kufada tug\u2018ilgan va o\u2018z davrining eng yirik Qur\u2019on, hadis va grammatika olimlaridan biri bo\u2018lgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ilmiy faoliyati. <\/strong>Qur\u2019on ilmini tobeinlardan o\u2018rganib, o\u2018ziga xos qiroat uslubini rivojlantirgan. Yetti qiroatning birini imomi. U bir yil Kufada, bir yil Hulvonda qiroatdan dars bergan. Kisoiy undan faxrlanib, \u201cU meni ustozim\u201d, deb aytib yurar edi. U Hanafiy mazhabi asoschisi Abu Hanifa, Sulaymon ibn Mihron va A\u2019mash kabi buyuk olimlardan ta\u2019lim olgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shogirdlari. <\/strong>Xallod: U ustozining qiroatini asosiy roviy sifatida yetkazgan. Xalaf: Hamza al-Kufiyning qiroatini keng yoygan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hamza Hulvonda 156\/772-yil 76 yoshida vafot etgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Al-Kisoiy al-Kufiy <\/strong>119\/737-yil Kufada dunyoga kelgan. To\u2018liq ismi: Ali ibn Hamza ibn Abdulloh ibn Bahman ibn Fayruzm al-Kisoiy al-Kufiy. Imom al-Kisoiy yoshligida ilm o\u2018rganishga juda intilardi, lekin boshlang\u2018ich davrda muvaffaqiyat qozona olmasdi. Bir safar Qur\u2019onni yod olishda qiynalgach, ustoziga: \u201cMen hech narsani yodlab ololmayapman, charchadim\u201d, dedi. Ustoz unga sabr qilishni va Qur\u2019onning barakasiga ishonishni tavsiya qildi [(2:82). Shundan so\u2018ng, Imom al-Kisoiy sabr bilan harakat qilib, Qur\u2019onni mukammal yod oldi va keyinchalik mashhur qiroat imomlaridan biri bo\u2018ldi. Bu voqea sabr va mehnatning samarasini eslatadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hayoti. <\/strong>Al-Kisoiy Kufada tug\u2018ilgan va tilshunoslikda ham, qiroatda ham yuqori maqomga ega bo\u2018lgan. Undan nega \u201cKisoiy\u201d deb nom olgani haqida so\u2018rashganida, u: \u201cChunki men hajda kisoda (kiyimda) ehrom bog\u2018laganman\u201d, deb javob bergan. U asli fors bo\u2018lib, Bani Asad qabilasining qullaridan edi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ilmiy faoliyati. <\/strong>Uning asosiy ustozlari Hamza al-Kufiy va boshqa yirik qiroatchilar bo\u2018lgan. Bundan tashqari, Kufa maktabini asoschisi hisoblanadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muoz al-Harro va Abu Ja\u2019far Ruasiylarda nahvdan tahsil oldi. Ulardan ilm olib bo\u2018lgach, Basraga kelib, Iso ibn Umar, Abu Amr ibn al-Alo va Al-Xalil ibn Ahmaddan ilm o\u2018rgangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qiroatni esa Sho\u2018ba ibn Hajjojdan ta\u2019lim olgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

U zot juda ko\u2018p asar yozgan: \u201cKitab muxtasar fi an-nahv\u201d (\u201cNahvga oid qisqa kitob\u201d), \u201cKitab al-hudud fi an-nahv\u201d (\u201cNahvdagi hadlarga oid kitob\u201d), \u201cKitob al-qiroat\u201d (\u201cQiroatga doir kitob\u201d), \u201cKitab al-adad\u201d (\u201cSonlarga doir kitob\u201d), \u201cKitab ixtilaf al-adad\u201d (\u201cSonlarning ixtilofiga oid kitob\u201d), \u201cKitab al-huruf\u201d (\u201cHarflarga oid kitob\u201d), \u201cKitab maoniy al-Qur\u2019an\u201d (\u201cQur\u2019on ma\u2019nolari haqidagi kitob\u201d) kabi ko\u2018plab asar yozgan.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Nahvdan Farro uning xos shogirdlaridan hisoblanadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kisoiy 189\/805-yil Roy shahrida vafot etgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qiroat imomlari Qur\u2019oni karimning qiroatlari (o\u2018qish usullari)ni saqlab qolish va ularga ilmiy asos yaratishga katta hissa qo\u2018shgan. Ularning arab tili ilmiga qo\u2018shgan hissasi ham alohida ahamiyatga ega. Chunki Qur\u2019oni karim tili arab tilining eng oliy darajadagi namunasi hisoblanadi. Quyida qiroat imomlarining arab tili rivojiga qo\u2018shgan hissasi haqida qisqacha ma\u2019lumot beriladi:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Arab tilining lug\u2018aviy boyligini saqlab qolish.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Qiroat imomlari turli qiroatlarda ishlatilgan so\u2018zlar va ularning talaffuzini o\u2018rganib, yozib olgan. Turli qiroatlar arab tilidagi sinonimlar, lahjalar va talaffuzdagi nozik farqlarni saqlab qolishga yordam bergan.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Nahv (grammatika) ilmiga qo\u2018shgan hissasi.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Qiroat imomlari Qur\u2019oni karim oyatlarining qiroatlariga asoslanib, grammatik qoidalar (nahv)ni aniqlashda ishtirok etgan. Masalan:<\/span><\/p>\n

      Nofi\u2019 al-Madaniy, Ibn Kasir al-Makkiy, va Kisoiy kabi imomlarning qiroatlari turli nahviy qoidalarni oydinlashtirishga xizmat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Qur\u2019oni karim qiroatlaridagi e\u2018rob (grammatik o\u2018zgarishlar) farqlari arab grammatikasining rivojlanishiga sabab bo\u2018lgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Lahjaviy xususiyatlarni saqlash.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Arab tilidagi turli qabilalarning talaffuzdagi farqlari qiroatlarda aks etgan. Masalan:<\/span><\/p>\n

        Qaysi bir qabilaning hamzani qanday talaffuz qilishi yoki qaysi bir harfni yumshoqroq yoki qattiqroq aytishi qiroatlarda saqlangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

        Bu xususiyatlar orqali arab tilidagi dialektlar o\u2018rganilgan va yozma ravishda saqlangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Balog\u2018at va bayon ilmiga ta\u2019siri.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Qiroat imomlari Qur\u2019oni karimning qiroatlaridagi balog\u2018atni o\u2018rganib, arab tilidagi iboralarning nazokat va ma\u2019nolarni yetkazish usullarini mukammallashtirgan. Bu ishlar arab tilidagi adabiyot va she\u2019riyatning rivojlanishiga ham yordam bergan<\/span><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Qiroatlarning tilshunoslik tadqiqotlariga ta\u2019siri.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Qiroatlar orqali arab tilining tarixiy rivojlanishi, fonetika va morfologik o\u2018zgarishlari o\u2018rganilgan. Masalan, turli qiroatlar orqali bir so\u2018zning bir necha talaffuzi va ulardan kelib chiqqan ma\u2019no farqlari aniqlangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

            Yetti mashhur qiroat imomi Qur\u2019oni karimni nafaqat talaffuz xususiyatlari bilan saqlab qolgan, balki arab tilining lug\u2018aviy va grammatik boyligini saqlashga ham katta hissa qo\u2018shgan. Ularning ilmiy faoliyati arab tilshunosligi, nahv, balog\u2018at va bayon ilmlarining rivojiga zamin yaratgan. Ushbu imomlarning merosi hozirga qadar Qur\u2019oni karimni to\u2018g\u2018ri o\u2018rganish va o\u2018qitishda asosiy manba bo\u2018lib xizmat qilmoqda.<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

            FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR:<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
            \n
              \n
            1. Ali ibn Muhammad Saxoviy. Jamol al-qurro. \u2013 J. 2.<\/span><\/li>\n
            2. Ibn Jazariy. G\u2018oyatu an-nihoya. \u2013 J. 1.<\/span><\/li>\n
            3. Imom Suyutiy. Bug\u2018yatu al-vuot fi tabaqoti an-nahviyyin. \u2013 J. 2.<\/span><\/li>\n
            4. Imom Zahabiy. Ma\u2019rifatu al-qurro al-kibor. \u2013 J. 1.<\/span><\/li>\n
            5. Imom Zarkaliy. Burhon. \u2013 J. 1.<\/span><\/li>\n
            6. uz. https:\/\/oliymahad.uz\/37000<\/span><\/li>\n
            7. San\u2019oniy. Tanvir sharhu jome\u2019 as-sag\u2018ir. \u2013 J. 5.<\/span><\/li>\n
            8. Xoyruddin Zarkaliy. Qomus tarojimi li ashhari arrijal.<\/span><\/li>\n
            9. Siyar A\u2019lomi an-nubala. \u2013 J.7.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
              Nurmuhammad MATKARIMOV,<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
              Hadis ilmi maktabi o\u2018qituvchisi<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              Zahabiyning \u201cSiyar A\u2019lomi an-Nubala\u201d va Xoyruddin Zarkaliyning \u201cQomus tarojimi li ashhari ar-rijal\u201d asarlari islomiy ilm-fan tarixida muhim o\u2018rin tutgan shaxslarning tarjimai holi va ilmiy merosi haqida batafsil ma\u2019lumot beradi. Zahabiy o\u2018z asarida Qur\u2019oni karim qiroatlariga asos solgan imomlar hayoti, ilmiy faoliyati va ularning shogirdlari haqida ma\u2019lumotlarni keltiradi. Xoyruddin Zarkaliy esa, musulmon dunyosidagi mashhur shaxslar, jumladan, …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":45216,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nMASHHUR QIROAT IMOMLARINING HAYOTI VA ILMIY MEROSI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"MASHHUR QIROAT IMOMLARINING HAYOTI VA ILMIY MEROSI\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=45215&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MASHHUR QIROAT IMOMLARINING HAYOTI VA ILMIY MEROSI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"MASHHUR QIROAT IMOMLARINING HAYOTI VA ILMIY MEROSI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=45215&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bukharicenter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-09-17T06:55:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-09-17T12:56:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/qori1709.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"374\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=45215&lang=oz\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=45215&lang=oz\",\"name\":\"MASHHUR QIROAT IMOMLARINING HAYOTI VA ILMIY MEROSI - 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