{"id":43360,"date":"2025-06-26T09:21:50","date_gmt":"2025-06-26T04:21:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=43360"},"modified":"2025-06-26T09:21:51","modified_gmt":"2025-06-26T04:21:51","slug":"abu-dovudning-hayoti-ilmiy-merosi-va-uning-hadis-ilmi-rivojiga-qo%ca%bbshgan-hissasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=43360&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"ABU DOVUDNING HAYOTI, ILMIY MEROSI VA UNING HADIS ILMI RIVOJIGA QO\u02bbSHGAN HISSASI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Movarounnahr va Xurosondan ko\u02bbplab muhaddislar yetishib chiqqan. Ular qoldirgan asarlari hamda olib borgan faoliyati bilan hadis ilmi rivojiga ulkan hissa qo\u02bbshgan. Shunday muhaddislardan biri Abu Dovud Sijistoniy bo\u02bblib, hijriy III asrda yashagan. Abu Dovud rohmatullohi alayh boshqa hadis olimlari kabi hadis izlab ko\u02bbplab shaharlarga borgan. Abu Umar Zarir, Muslim ibn Ibrohim, Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Abdulloh ibn Maslama Qa\u02bcnabiy, Abdulloh ibn Roja\u02bc, Abu Valid Tayolisiy, Ahmad ibn Yunus, Abu Ja\u02bcfar Nufayliy, Abu Tavba Halabiy, Sulaymon ibn Harb kabi allomalardan ilm olgan. Hijoz, Shom, Misr, Iroq, Jazira, Xuroson kabi o\u02bblkalarda ko\u02bbplab ilm xalqalarida ishtirok etdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

U kishining qo\u02bblida ta\u02bclim olgan mashhur shogirdlari orasida Imom Termiziy, Imom Nasoiy, Imom Abu Bakr ibn Abu Dovud, Abu Avona, Abu Bishr Dulobiy, Ali ibn Hasan ibn Abd, Abu Usoma Muhammad ibn Abdulmalik, Abu Said ibn A\u02bcrobiy, Abu Aliy Lu\u02bclu\u02bciy, Abu Bakr ibn Dosa, Abu Solim Muhammad ibn Said Jaludiy, Abu Amr Ahmad ibn Ali kabi ulug\u02bb olimlar bor edi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abu Dovud rohimahullohning to\u02bbliq ismi Sulaymon ibn\u00a0 Ash\u02bcas ibn Is\u02bchoq ibn Bashir ibn Shaddod ibn Amr ibn Imron Azdiy Abu Dovud Sijistoniydir. Buni \u201cSunan\u201dlarning roviylaridan bo\u02bblgan Ibn Dosa va Abu Ubayd zikr qilib o\u02bbtgan. Shuning uchun ham Hofiz Abu Tohir Silafiy: \u201cUning nasabi borasidagi eng to\u02bbg\u02bbrisi va qalb ham ko\u02bbproq moyil bo\u02bbladigani Abu Dovuddir\u201d [16:224], degan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abu Dovud ismidan ko\u02bbra kunyasi bilan ko\u02bbproq mashhur bo\u02bblgan. Chunki u kitoblarda faqatgina kunyasi bilan zikr qilinadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

U zotning bobosi Imron Ali roziyallohu anhu tarafida turib Siffin jangida jang qilgan va shahid bo\u02bblgan [7:356].<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abu Dovud arab qabilalaridan bo\u02bblgan Azd qabilasiga mansubdir. Bu arablarni katta qabilalaridan bo\u02bblgan. Bu qabila aslida Yaman tomonlardan kelib, arab jazirasining turli taraflariga tarqalib yashagan. Islomda fathlar bo\u02bblgandan keyin esa ular boshqa shaharlarga ham borib istiqomat qila boshlagan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abu Dovud Sijistondan bo\u02bblgan. Sijiston Xurosonni janubidagi juda katta viloyatlardan sanalgan. Sijistonning chegaradosh hududlari: janub tarafdan Makron, shimol tarafdan esa Xuroson, g\u02bbarb tarafdan esa Quhuston va Karmon sahrosidir. Sharq tarafdan esa qo\u02bbshnisi aniq emas [17:23]. Bu ma\u02bclumot qadimgi shaharlar xaritasiga asoslanadi. Hozirgi xaritaga ko\u02bbra, U Afg\u02bboniston janubi-g\u02bbarbida joylashgan. Bu hudud hozirgi kunda Qandahor, Hilmand, Nimruz viloyatlarini o\u02bbz ichiga oladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sijiston markazi Zaranj shahri bo\u02bblgan. Bu ham Afg\u02bboniston janubi-g\u02bbarbida joylashgan. Hozirgi kunda bu shahar Afg\u02bbonistonning Nimruz viloyati markazi hisoblanadi. Zaranj shahri Sijiston shahri deb mashhur bo\u02bblgan. Chunki keyingi zamonda yashagan arablar bu shaharni Sijiston shahri deb atagan. Shuning uchun ham ba\u02bczida Sijiston va Zaranj bu ikkalasi bitta shaharni nomi deyiladi. Lekin aslida unday emas, chunki Zaranj Sijiston shahri markazi hisoblanadi. Keyingi zamonlarda Sijiston atamasiga nisbatan uning markazi nomi bo\u02bblgan Zaranj ko\u02bbp qo\u02bbllangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Musulmonlar Sijiston diyorini hijriy 23-yil Umar ibn Xattob roziyallohu anhu davrida Osim ibn Amr Tamimiy va Abdulloh ibn Umayr boshchiligidagi qo\u02bbshin bilan fath qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sijiston hududi hamma asrlarda ham bir xil bo\u02bblmagan, balki davrlar o\u02bbtishi bilan turlicha ko\u02bbrinishga kelgan. Imom Abu Dovud Zaranj shahridan bo\u02bblgan. U zot hadis olish uchun ko\u02bbplab shaharlarga safar qilgan, oxir oqibat Basra shahrida qo\u02bbnim topgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tug\u02bbilishi. Imom Abu Dovud Sijiston shahrida hijriy 202-yil tug\u02bbilgan. Bu ma\u02bclumotni shogirdi Abu Ubayd: \u201cMen Sulaymon ibn Ash\u02bcas Abu Dovudni \u201cMen 202-yil tug\u02bbilganman\u201d, deganini eshitganman\u201d, deb aytgan\u201d [4:294].<\/span><\/p>\n

U zot Imom Buxoriydan 8-yil keyin tug\u02bbilgan. Chunki Imom Buxoriy hijriy 194-yil tug\u02bbilgan. Shuningdek, u zot Imom Buxoriydan 19-yil keyin vafot etgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abu Dovud rohimahulloh ilmga muhabbatli va ilmli oilada voyaga yetgan. Otasi Ash\u02bcas ibn Is\u02bchoq Hammod ibn Zayddan hadis rivoyat qiladigan roviylardan bo\u02bblgan. Akasi Muhammad ham muhaddis va shu yo\u02bblda safar qiladiganlardan edi [11:149]. Bunday ilmiy muhit sababli ham Imom Abu Dovud ilmga erta kirib kelib, yuksak maqomga erishgan. Imom Hokim aytadi: \u201cAbu Dovudni tug\u02bbilgan joyi Sijiston, bu joyda hozirgacha uning va o\u02bbtmishdoshlarining bitim, mulk va vaqflari bor\u201d [12:217].\u00a0 Imom Abu Dovud ilmga juda erta kirganlardan hisoblanadi. Chunki u 20 yoshga yetmasdan ilm talabida safar qila boshlagan va shunga qadar zaruriy ilmlarning hammasini egallab bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abu Dovud uylangan va uni bitta Abdulloh ismli o\u02bbg\u02bbli bo\u02bblgan. Bu o\u02bbg\u02bblining kunyasi Abu Bakr edi. U ham hofiz va muhaddislardan sanalgan. Imomni bitta akasi ham bor bo\u02bblib, bu haqda yuqorida ham zikr qilindi. Uning ismi Muhammad ibn Ash\u02bcas bo\u02bblgan. Akasi uning ilm talabidagi safdoshi bo\u02bblgan. Ular ilm uchun birga safar qilgan [11:149].<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abu Dovud rohimahulloh ilmda va amalda oliy darajaga olib chiqadigan yuqori sifatlar bilan ta\u02bcriflangan. U zot himmatning oliyligida, ilmiga amal qilishida va hamma ishlarini sunnatga muvofiq tarzda bajarishida ergashishga loyiq zotlardan bo\u02bblgan va yana zuhd bilan ham tanilgan. Shuning uchun ham keyingi ulamolar u zotni maqtagan va \u201cdindagi imom\u201d deb sifatlagan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abu Dovudning fazilatlari.<\/strong> Hamma ishlarda sunnatga ergashishi.\u00a0 U zot rohimahullohni ulamolar shuning uchun ham ustozi Ahmad ibn Hanbalga o\u02bbxshatgan. Ahmad ibn Hanbal esa ustozi Vake\u02bcga mengzalgan. Vake\u02bcni esa ustozi Savriyga, Savriyni ustozi Mansur ibn Mo\u02bbtamirga, Mansurni esa Alqamaga, Alqama esa Abdulloh ibn Mas\u02bcud roziyallohu anhuga o\u02bbxshatishgan. Hammaga ma\u02bclumki, Ibn Mas\u02bcudni Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallamga o\u02bbxshatishgan. Xatib Bag\u02bbdodiy o\u02bbz sanadi bilan A\u02bcmashdan rivoyat qiladi: U Ibrohimdan: U Alqamadan: U zot aytdi: Andulloh ibn Mas\u02bcud roziyallohu anhu hidoyatda va sifatlarda Nabiy sollallohu alayhi vasallamga o\u02bbxshatilar edi. Jarir ibn Abdulhamid aytadi: Ibrohim Alqamaga, Mansur esa Ibrohimga o\u02bbxshatilar edi. Jarirdan boshqalar esa \u201cSufyon Mansurga o\u02bbxshatilar edi\u201d, deydi. Umar ibn Ahmad aytadi: Vake\u02bc Sufyonga, Ahmad esa Vake\u02bcga\u00a0 va Abu Dovud esa Ahmad ibn Hanbalga o\u02bbxshatilar edi [13:99, 101].<\/span><\/p>\n

Izzat-nafs, ilm va hadis aytishda sharafli hamda unday bo\u02bblmaganlarni teng ko\u02bbrishi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zohid, taqvodor va tavozeli ekanligi. U zotdan quyidagilar rivoyat qilinadi: \u201cKimki past kiyim kiysa va past taom yesa, jasadini rohatlantiribdi\u201d, \u201cyashirin shahvat \u2013 bu bosh bo\u02bblishni yaxshi ko\u02bbrishdir\u201d, \u201ckalomlarning eng yaxshisi beixtiyor quloqqa eshitilganidir\u201d [12:217].<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abu Dovudni yuqoridagilardan boshqa juda ko\u02bbp maqtovga sazovor sifatlari va xislatlari bo\u02bblgan. Juda katta jiddu-jahd bilan hayot kechirgan Imom Abu Dovud rohimahulloh hijriy 275-yil shavvol oyining 14-sanasi, haftaning juma kuni vafot etgan [16:227].<\/span><\/p>\n

U sunnatga juda qattiq ergashgani sabab o\u02bblim to\u02bbshagida yotganida, uni Hasan ibn Musanno yuvishini vasiyat qilgan. Chunki u bu amalni sunnatga muvofiq tarzda qilar edi. Abu Dovud aytadi: \u201cAgar Hasan ibn Musanno meni yuvishga rozi bo\u02bblsa, o\u02bbzi yuvsin. Agar rozi bo\u02bblmasa, Sulaymon ibn Harbning Hammod ibn Zayddan rivoyat qilgan kitobiga amal qilgan holda yuving deb vasiyat qilgan\u201d. Keyin U zot vafot etganidan keyin vasiyat qilgan ishi amalga oshirildi. Uni Hasan ibn Musanno juma namozidan keyin yuvdi va kafanladi. Unga Abbos ibn Abdulvohid ibn Ja\u02bcfar ibn Sulaymon Hoshimiy janoza namozini o\u02bbqidi. U Sufyon Savriyning qabri yoniga dafn qilindi [8:38].<\/span><\/p>\n

Ilmiy safarlari.<\/strong> Yuqorida aytib o\u02bbtildiki, Imom Abu Dovud rohimahulloh ilmga erta kirgan va ilm yo\u02bblida yosh safar qilgan. U 20 yoshga yetmasdan diniy sohadagi zaruriy ilmlarning hammasini egallab bo\u02bblgan. Bu fikrni u zotning Iroqqa safar qilishidan oldin Sijiston va Xuroson olimlari haqida kitoblar yozgani ham isbotlaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Hokim o\u02bbz kitobida: \u201cAbu Dovud Iroqqa chiqib ketishidan oldin Xurosonda Hirot shahri haqida, Bag\u02bbdodda Qutayba haqida va Rayda Ibrohim ibn Muso haqida kitob yozgan\u201d, degan [7:366]. Demak, bundan kelib chiqadiki, alloma amalga oshirgan ishlarning hammasi 20 yoshdan oldin bo\u02bblgan. U zot bu yoshda katta ulamolardan ilm olish uchun safar qilish darajasiga yetib bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abu Dovud rohimahullohning safar xaritasini o\u02bbrganib chiqadigan bo\u02bblsak, u o\u02bbz safarini birinchi Xurosondan boshlagani ma\u02bclum bo\u02bbladi. So\u02bbngra arab shaharlariga yuzlangan va birinchi Bag\u02bbdoddan boshlagan. Lekin bu yerda ko\u02bbp turmagan balki, shu yilni o\u02bbzida Basraga safar qilgan. Bu yerda juda ko\u02bbp muddat turib, ilm o\u02bbrgangan va oxirida shu yerni vatan tutgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abu Dovud ilm olish va hadis eshitish uchun juda ko\u02bbplab shaharlarga safar qilgan. Xatib Bag\u02bbdodiy aytadi: \u201cU ko\u02bbplab yurtlarga safar qilgan, hadis to\u02bbplagan va kitoblar tasnif etgan. Shuningdek, Iroq, Xuroson, Shom va boshqa turli yurt muhaddislaridan hadis eshitgan va ularni yozib olgan olimlardan biridir\u201d [7:356].<\/span><\/p>\n

Hokim aytadi: U Sijistonda tug\u02bbilgan va hadis eshitish uchun Basraga safar qilib, o\u02bbsha joyda yashagan. Basrada asosan Sulaymon ibn Harb, Abu No\u02bbmon va Abulvaliddan hadis eshitgan. So\u02bbngra Shom va Basraga safar qilgan. Bu yerlardan esa Iroqqa, so\u02bbngra Naysaburga safar qilgan. Bu yerda o\u02bbg\u02bbliga Is\u02bchoq ibn Mansurdan hadis eshittirgan va Sijistonga qaytgan. U yerdan Basraga qaytib, o\u02bbsha joyda umrining oxirigacha yashagan\u201d [12:204].<\/span><\/p>\n

Saxoviy aytadi: \u201cAbu Dovud rohimahulloh islom shaharlarining hammasini aylanib chiqqan olimlardan hisoblanadi. U 18 yoshida o\u02bbz shahridan Bog\u02bbdodga borgan. Chunki o\u02bbzi \u201cMen Affonga Bag\u02bbdodda 20 yoshimda janoza namozini o\u02bbqidim\u201d, degan so\u02bbzlari bor. Affon o\u02bbsha yili Rabiul oyi oxirida vafot etgan. Shu yili Rajab oyida Basraga borgan. Abu Amr Zarirni bitta majlisiga qatnashgan. Yigirma bir yoshida esa Ko\u02bbfa va Damashqqa borgan\u201d [13:78,79].<\/span><\/p>\n

Ustozlari.<\/strong> Imom Abu Dovud rohimahulloh ilm uchun juda ko\u02bbp safar qilishi natijasida bir necha shaharlardagi ko\u02bbplab ustozlaridan hadis yozib olgan. Bunga yuqorida aytib o\u02bbtilgan Mizziy va Xatibning so\u02bbzlari gaplari bo\u02bbladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alloma ilm uchun juda erta safar qilgani sababli tengdoshlari ichida eng oliy sanad egasi bo\u02bblgan. Ba\u02bczi shayxlari borasida Imom Buxoriyga teng keladi. Ibn Daqiq aytadi: \u201cImom Abu Dovud oliy sanad borasida Abu Abdulloh Buxoriydan keyin turadi. Chunki u kishi oltita kitob mualliflari rivoyat qilishda Buxoriyga barobar bo\u02bblmagan rivoyatlarda barobar bo\u02bblgan\u201d [15:5]. Mizziy rohimahulloh o\u02bbz kitobida Abu Dovudning 179 ta ustozini tarjimayi holini keltiradi [7:356,359]. Keyin Ibn Hajar rohimahulloh \u201cTahzib\u201d kitobida Mizziyga e\u02bctiroz bildirib aytadi: \u201cAbu Dovudni sunan va boshqa kitoblardagi ustozlari 300 ga yaqin. Mizziy rohimahulloh bularni hammasini keltirmagan\u201d [14:155]. Abdulloh ibn Solih rohimahulloh Ibn Asokirning kitobidan Abu Dovud rohimahullohning sunan kitobidagi ustozlarini ajratib chiqqan, ularning soni 421 taga yetgan [1:17,25]. Imom Abu Dovud rohimahullohning ustozlari borasida Abu Ali Husayn ibn Muhammad Jayyoniy alohida kitob yozgan va unda imomning ustozlari soni 498 taga yetgan. Bu kitobni nomi \u201cTasmiyatu shuyuxi Abi Dovud Sijistoniy\u201ddir. Imom Abu Dovudning ustozlarini vafot etgan yiliga qarab quyida tabaqalashtiramiz:<\/span><\/p>\n

Birinchi tabaqa. Bular Abu Dovud rohimahulloh ilm talab qilishni boshlagan paytda hadis eshitgan ustozlari: Ibrohim ibn Muso Roziy, Hafs ibn Umar Basriy, Abdulloh ibn Maslama Qa\u02bcnabiy, Osim ibn Ali ibn Osim Vositiy, Muslim ibn Ibrohim Farohidiy, Muhammad ibn Kasir Abdiy, Muso ibn Ismoil, Said ibn Mansur Xurosoniy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ikkinchi tabaqa. Juda ko\u02bbp hadis eshitgan ustozlari: Musaddad ibn Musarhad Basriy, Yahyo ibn Main, Ali ibn Abdulloh ibn Madiniy, Abu Bakr ibn Abu Shayba Vositiy, Is\u02bchoq ibn Ibrohim ibn Maxlad Hanzaliy (Ibn Rohuyah deb tanilgan), Qutayba ibn Said, Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Hanbal, Hannod ibn Sariy ibn Mus\u02bcab Ko\u02bbfiy, Muhammad ibn Alo ibn Kurayb Hamdoniy, Ahmad ibn Solih Misriy, Muhammad ibn Bashshor Misriy (Bundor deb tanilgan), Muhammad ibn Yahyo ibn Abdulloh Zuhliy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uchinchi tabaqa. Bular o\u02bbzi bilan yoshi yaqin bo\u02bblgan ustozlari: Hasan ibn Muhammad Sabboh, Umar ibn Xattob Sijistoniy, Abbos ibn Valid Bayrutiy, Abbos ibn Muhammad Duriy, Muhammad ibn Affon Toiy [9:42, 44].<\/span><\/p>\n

Quyida alloma ustozlaridan 15 nafari ismini Abu Dovudning \u201cSunan\u201d kitobida rivoyat qilingan hadislari soniga qarab ketma-ketlikda keltirib o\u02bbtamiz:<\/span><\/p>\n

Musaddad ibn Musarhad Basriy. Imom bu ustozidan o\u02bbz kitobida 539 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abdulloh ibn Maslama Qa\u02bcnabiy. Undan 336 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muso ibn Ismoil. Undan 314 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Usmon ibn Abu Shayba. Undan 282 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Hanbal. Undan 229 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qutayba ibn Said ibn Jamil Bag\u02bbloniy. Undan 155 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Ahmad ibn Solih Misriy. Undan 149 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abdulloh ibn Muhammad Nufayliy. Undan 142 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hasan ibn Ali Hulvoniy. Undan 132 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhammad ibn Kasir Abdiy. Undan 129 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muslim ibn Ibrohim Farohidiy. Undan 108 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan. Bu inson Abu Dovudning eng katta ustozi hisoblanadi [14:529].<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhammad ibn Musanna Basriy. Undan 100 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hafs ibn Umar ibn Horis Namariy. Undan 98 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhammad ibn Alo ibn Kurayb Hamdoniy. Undan 85 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ahmad ibn Amr ibn Sarh Misriy. Undan 80 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shogirdlari.<\/strong> Imom Abu Dovud rohimahullohdan juda ko\u02bbplab ulamo va imomlar hadis rivoyat qilgan. Biz quyida ularning ba\u02bczilari ismini keltiramiz. Ular Imom Termiziy (Imom Termiziy undan sunan kitobida 3 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan), Imom Nasoiy, Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Horun, Hofiz Abu Avona Ya\u02bcqub ibn Is\u02bchoq (Imom Muslim sahihlariga \u201cmustaxraj\u201d yozgan), Ali ibn Abdussomad, o\u02bbzini o\u02bbg\u02bbli Abu Bakr Andulloh ibn Abu Dovud, Abu Bakr Abdulloh ibn Muhammad ibn Abu Dunyo, Ali ibn Hasan Ansoriy, Hofiz Abu Bishr Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Abu Ali Ahmad ibn Amr Lu\u02bcluiydir. Undan ustozi Ahmad ibn Hanbal ham bitta hadis rivoyat qilgan [13:95, 97].<\/span><\/p>\n

Asarlari.<\/strong> Imom Abu Dovud rohimahulloh hadis, jarh va ta\u02bcdil, fiqh, aqida va tafsir ilmlari borasida juda ko\u02bbplab kitob yozgan. Lekin bugungi kungacha bu kitoblarning hammasi ham yetib kelmagan. Bizga yetib kelgan kitoblari:<\/span><\/p>\n

Hammaga mashhur \u201cSunan\u201d kitobi. Bu kitob juda ko\u02bbp marotaba nashr etilgan, sharhlar yozilgan va bir qancha tillarga tarjima ham qilingan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Makka ahliga yozgan risolasi. Bu kitob ham juda ko\u02bbp marotaba nashr qilingan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Marosil. Bu kitob hukmlar borasidagi mursal hadislarni o\u02bbz ichiga jamlagan kitobdir. Abu Dovud rohimahulloh bu kitobni fiqhiy boblarga ko\u02bbra tartiblagan. Har bir bob tagida o\u02bbziga mos mursal hadislarni keltirgan. Bu kitobdagi hadislar soni 537 tadan iborat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Masoilu Imom Ahmad. Bu kitob fiqhga bag\u02bbishlangan bo\u02bblib, u fiqhiy boblarga ko\u02bbra tartiblangan. Kitob oxirgi marta hijriy 1353-yil Muhammad Rizo tahqiqi bilan nashr qilingan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sualatu Abi Dovud li Imom Ahmad fiy ar-rijol (Abu Dovudning Imom Ahmaddan roviylar borasidagi savollari). Bu kitob ham hijriy 1414-yil Ziyod Muhammad Mansur tahqiqi bilan nashr qilingan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ar-Ruvat minal ixvati val uxuvvat (aka-uka va opa-singil bo\u02bblgan roviylar). Bu kitob hijriy 1408-yil nashr qilingan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sualatu Abi Ubayd Ajuriy Aba Dovud fil jarh vat ta\u02bcdil (Abu Ubayd Ajuriyning Abu Dovuddan jarh va ta\u02bcdil haqida so\u02bbragan savollari). Bu kitobning bir qismi hijriy 1399-yil Muhammad ibn Ali Umariy tahqiqi bilan nashr qilingan. 1418-yil esa Doktor Abdulalim tahqiqi bilan to\u02bbliq holda nashr qilingan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zuhd kitobi. Bu kitob ham hijriy 1413-1414-yillar nashr qilingan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imomning bu kitoblardan tashqari bizga yetib kelmagan ko\u02bbplab kitoblari bor. Bular quyidagilar:<\/span><\/p>\n

Nosix va mansux. Bu kitobni Abu Dovud rohimahullohdan shogirdi Abu Bakr Najjor rivoyat qilgan. Bu kitobni Ibn Xoyr Ishbiliy \u201cNosixul Qur\u02bcon va mansuxuhu\u201d deb nomlagan [10:47]. Imom Mizziy rohimahulloh ham bu kitobdagi hadislarni kitobida keltirib \u062e\u062f (xd) deb belgi qo\u02bbygan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ar-Rod ala ahlil qadar (Qadariylarga raddiya). Bu kitobni ba\u02bczilar \u201cAr-Rod ala ahlil havoval qadar\u201d deb nomlagan. Bu kitobni ham Imomdan juda ko\u02bbplab ulamolar naql qilgan. Imom Mizziy rohimahulloh bu kitobga \u0642\u062f \u00a0(qd) deb belgi qo\u02bbygan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Al-Ba\u02bcs van nushur (Qayta tirilish).<\/span><\/p>\n

Daloilun nubuvvat (Nubuvvat dalillari).<\/span><\/p>\n

At-Tafarrud fid din. Mizziy rohimahulloh aytadi: \u201cBu kitobda faqat bitta shahar ahli rivoyat qilgan hadislar jamlangan\u201d [6:150]. U ham fiqhiy boblarga ko\u02bbra tartiblangan. Bu asarni Abu Dovud rohimahullohdan Ibn Dosa va Lu\u02bcluiy rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Musnadu Molik. Mizziy rohimahulloh bunga \u0643\u062f (kd) deb belgi qo\u02bbygan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fazoilu Ansor. Bunga Mizziy rohimahulloh \u0635\u062f (sd) deb belgi qo\u02bbygan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Al-Mavaqit. Saxoviy va boshqalar kitob nomini shunday nomlagan. Mizziy rohimahulloh esa \u201cMa\u02bcrifatu Avqot\u201d deb nom bergan [6:151].<\/span><\/p>\n

At-Tahoratul kabir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fazoilu Ramazon va sittin min shavvol va ashr va ashuro.<\/span><\/p>\n

Manasikul hajjil kabir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Al-Qazoul kabir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Al-Iyman qovl va amal.<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u02bclamun nubuvva.<\/span><\/p>\n

Al-Mubtada. Bu kitob Muso alayhissalomning tug\u02bbilishi, Fir\u02bcavnning suvga g\u02bbarq bo\u02bblishi, Bani Isroil xabarlari va Nabiy sollallohu alayhi vasallam siyratlari haqida yozilgan [13:91].<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abu Dovud rohimahulloh juda ko\u02bbplab fanlarda yetuk imomlardan sanaladi. Xususan, rivoyat, diroyat va ilal ilmlarida hadis imomlaridan edi. Shuningdek, u zot fiqh borasida ham imom edi. Abu Dovud rohimahullohda ilmda bunday yetuk darajaga yetishish uchun bir necha sifatlar jamlangan edi. Bular: ilm talabida himmati yuqoriligi, yoshligi va quvvatini ilmga sarflagani, kerak bo\u02bblmagan narsalarni ketkazadigan pok qalbli ekani va mashhurlikni yoqtirmasligidir. Shu bilan birga, ilm uchun umrini bergan va faqat ilm uchun safar qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abu Dovudning ilmi yetuk ekaniga Amir Muvaffaq bilan sodir bo\u02bblgan voqea yetarlidir [5:614, 620].<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abu Dovud rohimahulloh boshqa ilmlardan ko\u02bbra, hadis va fiqhda juda yetuk bo\u02bblgan. Xossatan, hadis ilmida yetuk sanalib, unga juda katta hissa qo\u02bbshgan. Imom Abu Dovud rohimahulloh aytadi: \u201cMen Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallamning 500 mingta hadisini yozib oldim va \u201cSunan\u201d kitobimga shular ichidan tanlab oldim\u201d [3:57].<\/span><\/p>\n

Bilamizki, jarh va ta\u02bcdil ilmi hadis ilmlari ichida eng qiyinidir. Bu ilm bilan hadis va roviylarning ko\u02bbpchiligidan xabardor bo\u02bblgan insonlargina shug\u02bbullana oladi. Imom Abu Dovud rohimahulloh roviylarning tug\u02bbilgan va vafot etgan vaqti, kimlardan hadis eshitgani, undan kimlar hadis olgani, roviylarning yozgan hadis kitoblari, ularning holati, hadis tariqlaridagi uzilishlar kabi roviy va rivoyatlar tariqlarini bilgan. Bunday martabaga faqatgina Alloh taolo shu yo\u02bblni ochib qo\u02bbyganlargina yeta oladi. Imom Abu Dovud rohimahulloh mana shu martaba yetganlardan hisoblanadi. U jarh va ta\u02bcdil fani imomlaridan sanaladi. Shuning uchun ham bu borada kitoblar yozgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shuningdek, hadis ilmining qiyin ilmlaridan yana biri ilal ilmi hisoblanadi. Bu ilmda ham u kishi imom bo\u02bblgan. Shuning uchun ham Ibn Manda aytadi: \u201cKitobida sahih hadis keltiradiganlar, sahihni illatlidan va to\u02bbg\u02bbrini xatodan ajratadiganlar 4 ta: Buxoriy, Muslim, Abu Dovud va Nasoiy\u201d [2:42].<\/span><\/p>\n

Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Yosin Hiraviy aytadi: \u201cAbu Dovud Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallamning hadislari ilmi, illatlari va sanadini biladigan hofizlardan biridir\u201d [3:58].<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abu Dovud rohimahulloh fiqhda mujtahid darajasiga ham yetgan. Buni ko\u02bbplab imomlar aytgan. Abu Dovud rohimahulloh mujtahid ekaniga shogirdlari guvohlik bergan. Boshqa ko\u02bbplab ulamolar ham oltita kitob sohiblari ichida faqatgina Buxoriy va Abu Dovud rohimahulloh mujtahid bo\u02bblgan, degan.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR:<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
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    Abdulloh ibn Solih Barrok. Imom Abu Davud Sijistoniy va kitabuhu as-sunan. \u2013 Ar-Riyod: Daru Roya, 1993.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    Abu Abdulloh Muhammad ibn Is\u02bbhoq ibn Manda. Shurutul aimma. \u2013 Ar-Riyod: Doru Muslim, 1995.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
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    Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Aliy Xatib Bag\u02bbdodiy. Tarixu Bag\u02bbdod. J. 9. \u2013 Bayrut: Dorul kutub al-Ilmiyya, 2004.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
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    Abu Davud Sulaymon ibn Ash\u02bbas Sijistoniy. Sualatu Abi Ubayd Aba Davud. 2. \u2013 Bayrut: Muassasatu Rayyon, 1997.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  5. \n
    Abu Ja\u02bbfar Muhammad ibn Jarir Tabariy. Tarixu Tabariy. J.9. \u2013 Qohira: Darul Ma\u02bbarif, 1970.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  6. \n
    Abul Hajjoj Jamoliddin Yusuf Tahzibul kamol. \u2013 J:1. \u2013 Bayrut: Muassasatar-risala, 2018.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
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    Abul Hajjoj Jamoliddin Yusuf Mizziy. Tahzibul kamol. \u2013 J:11. \u2013 Bayrut: Muassasatar risala, 2018.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
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    Alouddin Mug\u02bbultoy ibn Qolij Hanafiy. Ikmalu tahzibil kamol. J.6. \u2013 Bayrut: Daru Kuttub al-Ilmiyya, 2011.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
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    Muhammad ibn Muhammad Jamil Nuristoniy. Madxal ila sunanil imam Abi Davud. \u2013 Quvayt: Maktab ash-Shu\u02bbun al-fanniyya, 2008.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
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    Ibn Xayr Ishbiliy. Fihrisatu Ibn Xayr. \u2013 Tunus: Daru G\u02bbarbil Islamiy, 2009.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
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    Muhammad Ibn Hibbon ibn Ahmad. As-Siqot. J.9. \u2013 Haydarobod: Ma\u02bbariful Usmoniyya, 1973.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
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    Shamsiddin Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Usmon Zahabiy. Siyar A\u02bblomu an-nubalo. J.13. \u2013 Bayrut: Muassasatar risala, 1993.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  13. \n
    Shamsuddin Abuxayr Muhammad ibn Abdurahmon Saxoviy. Bazlul majhud fiy xatmi sunani Abi Davud. \u2013 Misr: Azyaus salaf, 2008.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  14. \n
    Shihobiddin Ahmad ibn Ali ibn Hajar Asqaloniy. Taqribut tahzib. J.4. \u2013 Bayrut: Muassasatar risala, 2014.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  15. \n
    Taqiyyiddin Ibn Daqiqil Iyd. Sharh Ilma\u02bb bi ahadis al-ahkam. \u2013 Suriya: Darun Navodir, 2010.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  16. \n
    Yahyo ibn Sharaf Navaviy. Tahzibul asmo val lug\u02bbot. \u2013 J:2. \u2013 Bayrut: Dorul Kutub al-Ilmiyya, 2013.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  17. \n
    Yaqut ibn Abdulloh Himaviy. Mo\u02bbjamul buldan. \u2013 J:3. \u2013 Misr: Daru Sodr, 1951.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    MAXMUD ABDURAXMANOV,<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
    Hadis ilmi maktabi \u201cHadis ilmlari\u201d kafedrasi mudiri<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Movarounnahr va Xurosondan ko\u02bbplab muhaddislar yetishib chiqqan. Ular qoldirgan asarlari hamda olib borgan faoliyati bilan hadis ilmi rivojiga ulkan hissa qo\u02bbshgan. Shunday muhaddislardan biri Abu Dovud Sijistoniy bo\u02bblib, hijriy III asrda yashagan. Abu Dovud rohmatullohi alayh boshqa hadis olimlari kabi hadis izlab ko\u02bbplab shaharlarga borgan. Abu Umar Zarir, Muslim ibn Ibrohim, Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Abdulloh …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":43361,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[650],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nABU DOVUDNING HAYOTI, ILMIY MEROSI VA UNING HADIS ILMI RIVOJIGA QO\u02bbSHGAN HISSASI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"ABU DOVUDNING HAYOTI, ILMIY MEROSI VA UNING HADIS ILMI RIVOJIGA QO\u02bbSHGAN HISSASI\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=43360&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ABU DOVUDNING HAYOTI, ILMIY MEROSI VA UNING HADIS ILMI RIVOJIGA QO\u02bbSHGAN HISSASI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"ABU DOVUDNING HAYOTI, ILMIY MEROSI VA UNING HADIS ILMI RIVOJIGA QO\u02bbSHGAN HISSASI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=43360&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bukharicenter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-06-26T04:21:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-06-26T04:21:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/abudavud2606.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"432\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"14 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=43360&lang=oz\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=43360&lang=oz\",\"name\":\"ABU DOVUDNING HAYOTI, ILMIY MEROSI VA UNING HADIS ILMI RIVOJIGA QO\u02bbSHGAN HISSASI - 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