{"id":42160,"date":"2025-05-05T16:59:29","date_gmt":"2025-05-05T11:59:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=42160"},"modified":"2025-05-05T17:10:02","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T12:10:02","slug":"abu-mansur-moturidiyning-ta%ca%bcvilot-qur%ca%bcon-asari-va-uning-sharhi-haqida-yangi-ma%ca%bclumotlar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=42160&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"ABU MANSUR MOTURIDIYNING \u201cTA\u02bcVILOT QUR\u02bcON\u201d ASARI VA UNING SHARHI HAQIDA YANGI MA\u02bcLUMOTLAR"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yurtimizda buyuk mutafakkir ajdodimiz, aqida ilmi rivojiga ulkan hissa qo\u02bbshgan Imom Abu Mansur Moturidiy va u asos solgan moturidiylik ta\u02bclimotini o\u02bbrganishga alohida ahamiyat berilmoqda. O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti Shavkat Mirziyoyevning \u201cImom Moturidiy tavalludining 1155-yilligini keng nishonlash to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida\u201dgi qarori bu boradagi amaliy ishlarning yana bir yorqin ifodasidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Unga muvofiq, joriy yilda buyuk ajdodimiz, mutafakkir olim Imom Abu Mansur Moturidiy tavalludining 1155-yilligi mamlakatimizda keng nishonlanadi. Shu munosabat bilan tashkil qilinadigan tadbirlar doirasida Samarqand shahrida \u201cMoturidiylik \u2013 bag\u02bbrikenglik, mo\u02bbtadillik va ma\u02bcrifat ta\u02bclimoti\u201d mavzusida xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy konferensiya o\u02bbtkazish, shuningdek, moturidiylikka oid tadqiqotlar ko\u02bblamini\u00a0 kengaytirish vazifalari belgilangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Moturidiy merosini o\u02bbrganishning dolzarbligi shundaki, alloma o\u02bbz asarlarida o\u02bbsha davrdagi oqimlarning g\u02bboya va qarashlarini ham keltirib, ularga naqliy va aqliy dalillar bilan raddiya yozgan, da\u02bcvolari asossiz ekanini ko\u02bbrsatib bergan. O\u02bbsha g\u02bboya va qarashlar bugun qandaydir destruktiv kuchlar tomonidan yangilanadigan bo\u02bblsa, bizning ularga javobimiz tayyor, qarshi kurashishning usul va uslublari ham qo\u02bblimizdadir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samarqandda Abu Mansur Moturidiy asos solgan kalom ta\u02bclimoti yillar o\u02bbtib, butun islom olamiga tarqaladi va sunniylikdagi ikki yirik maktabning biriga aylanadi. Ushbu ta\u02bclimotning mazmun-mohiyati va tarixini o\u02bbrganishdan avval allomaning hayoti va jamiyatda tutgan mavqeini chuqur tadqiq qilish kerak. Moturidiya ta\u02bclimoti XI asrdan boshlab islom olamida shuhrat qozonadi va shu davrdan alloma shaxsiga qiziqish kuchayadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mutakallim islom dinidagi sunniylarning to\u02bbrtta asosiy mazhabi asoschilarining asarlarini o\u02bbrganib, o\u02bbzi ham arab tilida tafsir va e\u02bctiqodga oid \u201cTa\u02bcvilot ahli as-sunna\u201d (Ta\u02bcvilot Qur\u02bcon) ni yozadi. Bundan ko\u02bbzlangan asosiy maqsad \u201cAhli sunna val jamoa\u201d ta\u02bclimotiga zid qarashlarni rad qilishdir. Bu asardan e\u02bctiqodiy masalalar va fiqhda keng foydalaniladi. Abu Mansur Moturidiy bu asarini yozishda asosan Abu Hanifaning qarashlariga suyanadi. \u201cTa\u02bcvilot Qur\u02bcon\u201d ilk bor birinchi jildi 1971-yilda Sayid va Ibrohim Avadaynlar tomonidan nashr etildi. Xuddi mana shu kitob\u00a0 bangladeshlik olim\u00a0 A.A.Rahmon\u00a0 tomonidan 1981-yil yangi qo\u02bbshimchalar bilan qayta nashr qilindi. Asarning chop qilinishi Moturidiy kalomiga oid bir qator maqolalar yozilishiga sabab bo\u02bbldi. F.Sezgin o\u02bbzining \u201cArab qo\u02bblyozmalari tarixi\u201d kitobida \u201cKitob ta\u02bcvilot\u201d asarining dunyo fondidagi nusxalari haqida qimmatli ma\u02bclumot beradi. So\u02bbnggi yillarga\u00a0 kelib, uning to\u02bbliq nashrlari ham amalga oshirildi. 2004-yil Fotima Yusuf Xaymi tomonidan 1-5 jildlari Bayrutda nashr etildi. Yana biri Mujdiy Baslum tomonidan tayyorlangan bo\u02bblib, 2005-yil Qohirada\u00a0 \u201cMaktabatul karamat\u201d nashriyotida chop etilgan. Eng so\u02bbnggi 2008-2009-yillardagi ilmiy nashri Turkiyada doktor Ertigul Boynukalin tomonidan tayyorlangan, unga professor, doktor Bekir To\u02bbpalu o\u02bbg\u02bbli ilmiy muharrir bo\u02bblgan. Turkiyadagi \u201cDarul mezon\u201d nashriyotida uning yetti jildi chop etildi. So\u02bbnggi yillarda Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazida \u201cTa\u02bcvilot Qur\u02bcon\u201dning 30-jildi arab tilidan o\u02bbzbek tiliga tarjima qilindi. Qolgan jildlari Imom Moturidiy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi olimlari tomonidan tarjima qilinmoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTa\u02bcvilot Qur\u02bcon\u201d asarining 2 ta \u00a0nusxasi O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi Fanlar akademiyasining Abu Rayhon Beruniy nomidagi Sharqshunoslik instituti qo\u02bblyozmalar fondida \u21165126 va \u21165127 raqamlari ostida saqlanadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Toshkent fondidagi \u21165126 raqam ostida saqlanayotgan nusxasi asarning ikkinchi jildidir. Ikkinchi jild (daftar)ning umumiy hajmi 258 varaq, sharq qog\u02bboziga qora siyoh bilan ko\u02bbchirilgan. Qo\u02bblyozma asarning bir qismi \u2013 LXII-CXIV suralar ta\u02bcvilini o\u02bbz ichiga oladi. Qo\u02bblyozmaning 171a<\/sup>\u00a0sahifasida bu asar Xoja Muhammad Porso kutubxonasida saqlangani to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida belgi bor. Unda jumladan shunday deyiladi;\u00a0\u201cUshbu kitob Buxoro shahrining Kuyi Dixqon manzilidagi kutubxonaga Alloh bandasi Muhammad al-Xofizi al-Buxoriy tomonidan vaqf qilingan\u201d<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

E\u02bctiborli jihati shundaki, yuqorida tilga olingan\u00a0qo\u02bblyozma \u201cKitob ta\u02bcvilot\u201dning hozirgi kunga qadar dunyodagi eng qadimiy nusxasi bo\u02bblib turibdi. Mazkur nusxaning tavsifi \u0421\u0412\u0420 (\u0421\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439. \u2013 \u0422.I-XI. \u2013 \u0422.: \u0424\u0430\u043d, 1952-1987)ga kiritilmagan edi va u ilk bor maqola muallifi (Sh.Z) tomonidan ilmiy muomalaga kiritildi (Abu Mansur al-Moturidiy va uning \u201cTa\u02bcvilot ahl as-sunna\u201d asari haqida yangi ma\u02bclumotlar \/\/ Sharqshunoslik. \u2013 1999. \u2013 \u2116 9. \u2013 B.66-73).<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu qo\u02bblyozma 529\/1134-35-yillarda ko\u02bbchirilgan. Buxoro jome masjidida qabul qilingan va tahrir etilgan (Qubila va suhhiha fi masjidi ja\u02bcmi al-Buxara<\/em>).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKitob ta\u02bcvilot\u201d asarining yana bir nusxasi 5127 inv. raqami ostida saqlanadi. Bu nusxa asarning oxirgi jildidir. Nasx yozuvida ko\u02bbchirilgan bu nusxa 294 varaqdan iborat. Kitob o\u02bblchami 19,5 x 15,5 sm., matn har sahifaga 19\u00a0qatordan joylashtirilgan. Qo\u02bblyozma qora siyoh bilan sharq qog\u02bboziga yozilgan. Bu jild jigarrang charm muqovali, g\u02bbilof ishlangan. Bunday muqovalash usuli Usmoniylar davriga xos. Muqovaning yuzida bir bo\u02bblak qadimiy qog\u02bbozga \u201cKitob ta\u02bcvilot\u201d so\u02bbzlari yozilgan bo\u02bblib, yozuv yillar davomida eskirib, ko\u02bbz ilg\u02bbamaydigan darajaga kelib qolgan. Qo\u02bblyozmaning boshlang\u02bbich varag\u02bbidagi (1a<\/sup>) yuqori satrda\u00a0\u201cTafsiri shayx Abu Mansur <\/em>al-Moturidiy\u201d<\/em>\u00a0deb yozilgan. Shu sahifaning quyirog\u02bbida shunday yozuvlar bor:\u00a0\u201cBu oxirgi daftar buyuk imom, zohid, hidoyat yo\u02bbli imomi, ahli <\/em>sunna va jamoa raisi shayx Abu Mansur Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Mahmud al-Moturidiydan naql qilingan\u201d.<\/em>\u00a0Varaqning chap tarafiga\u00a0\u201cMuhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Nasr <\/em>al-Hofiz al-Buxoriy mulki\u201d<\/em>\u00a0deb yozib qo\u02bbyilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ikki nusxa ham mashhur Xoja Muhammad Porsoning kutubxonasiga tegishli (qarang:\u00a0Shovosil Ziyodov, Ashirbek Muminov et Elizaveta Nekrasova \u00abLa \u201cBiblioth\u00e8que de Khw\u00e2ja Muhammad P\u00e2rs\u00e2\u201d revisit\u00e9e\u00bb, [Studia Iranica. Cahier 40], Paris: 2009, pp.17-41<\/em>;).<\/span><\/p>\n

Shu fondning o\u02bbzida \u201cKitob ta\u02bcvilot\u201d asarining mashhur hanafiy fiqh olimi Alouddin Samarqandiy (GAL, Suppl., I, 640) tomonidan yozilgan\u00a0 sharhi ham mavjud bo\u02bblib, uning nusxalari \u2116 3249 va \u2116 3155 raqamlari ostida saqlanadi. Bularning ham har ikkisi Xoja Muhammad Porso kutubxonasidandir. Bu nusxalarning biri (\u2116 3249), ayniqsa, qimmatlidir. Uning eng diqqatga sazovor joyi \u2013 uning sarvarag\u02bbidir (1a). Unda ikki isnod keltirilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qo\u02bblyozmaning sarvarag\u02bbi shunday iboralar bilan boshlanadi:<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u201cAhl <\/em>as-sunna raisi Abu Mansur al-Moturidiy\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Alloh undan rozi bo\u02bblsin\u00a0\u2013\u00a0hidoyat ilmi peshvosidan ash-shayx al-imom\u00a0Hofiz ad-din Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Nasr al-Buxoriyga asarlar quyidagi isnod bilan yetib keldi: ash-shayx al-imom ar-rabboniy, usul va furu\u02bc sohibi Shams ad-din Muhammad ibn\u00a0\u02bbAbd as-Sattor ibn Muhammad al-\u02bbImodiy al-Kardariy xabar qildi (Alloh uni rahmatiga va rizosiga yo\u02bbllasin), unga, o\u02bbz navbatida, ash-Shayx al-Imom Najm ad-din Abu\u00a0Hafs\u00a0\u02bbUmar ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad an-Nasafiy aytdi, ash-Shayx al-Imom al-qozi Abu Nasr Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Husayn ibn\u00a0\u02bbAbd al-Karim an-Nasafiy, u \u2013 otasidan, u \u2013 bobosidan, u esa \u2013 otasi\u00a0\u02bbAbd al-Karimdan, u esa \u2013 ash-shayx, hidoyat yo\u02bbliga boshlovchi, ahl as-sunnaning raisi Abu Mansur Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Mahmud al-Moturidiy as-Samarqandiydan\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Alloh uni rahmati va rizosi bilan qo\u02bbllasin\u00a0\u2013\u00a0aytadi\u201d<\/em>, degan so\u02bbzlar bilan birinchi isnod matni tugaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ikkinchi isnod<\/strong>\u00a0\u201cSharh <\/em>Ta\u02bcvilot\u201ddan bu birinchi daftarni shayx imom ar-rohib ahl as-sunna va jamoaning raisi Abu Mansur al-Moturidiydan\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Alloh uning tavbasini qabul etib, rahmati va rizosi bilan qo\u02bbllasin\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Shayx al-Imom \u02bbAlo\u02bb ad-din Abu Bakr Muhammad\u00a0 ibn Ahmad as-Samarqandiy sharhlagan\u201d\u00a0<\/em>degan jumla bilan tugaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yuqoridagi izohda Moturidiy ta\u02bclimoti, asarlari o\u02bbz zamonasida keyingi davrlardagidek mashhur bo\u02bblmaganiga ishora mavjud. Bu asar dastlab Abdulkarim Pazdaviy (vaf. 999-y.) oilasi a\u02bczolari orasida naql etiladi. XII asrdan boshlab esa ulamolar orasida keng tarqala boshlaydi. Yana shuni ta\u02bckidlab o\u02bbtish joizki, Moturidiya ta\u02bclimoti Samarqanddan Buxoroga yoyilishi tafsilotlarini ham shu manba asosida o\u02bbrganish mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aytish mumkinki, bu yangi manbalar Moturidiyning shaxsiy hayotiga doir ayrim jihatlarga bir qadar aniqlik kiritadi va uning ta\u02bclimoti bilan bog\u02bbliq qimmatli ma\u02bclumotlar beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shovosil ZIYODOV,<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi direktori,<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
tarix fanlari doktori, professor<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yurtimizda buyuk mutafakkir ajdodimiz, aqida ilmi rivojiga ulkan hissa qo\u02bbshgan Imom Abu Mansur Moturidiy va u asos solgan moturidiylik ta\u02bclimotini o\u02bbrganishga alohida ahamiyat berilmoqda. O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti Shavkat Mirziyoyevning \u201cImom Moturidiy tavalludining 1155-yilligini keng nishonlash to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida\u201dgi qarori bu boradagi amaliy ishlarning yana bir yorqin ifodasidir. Unga muvofiq, joriy yilda buyuk ajdodimiz, mutafakkir olim Imom Abu …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":42161,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639,3711],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nABU MANSUR MOTURIDIYNING \u201cTA\u02bcVILOT QUR\u02bcON\u201d ASARI VA UNING SHARHI HAQIDA YANGI MA\u02bcLUMOTLAR - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=42160&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ABU MANSUR MOTURIDIYNING \u201cTA\u02bcVILOT QUR\u02bcON\u201d ASARI VA UNING SHARHI HAQIDA YANGI MA\u02bcLUMOTLAR - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Yurtimizda buyuk mutafakkir ajdodimiz, aqida ilmi rivojiga ulkan hissa qo\u02bbshgan Imom Abu Mansur Moturidiy va u asos solgan moturidiylik ta\u02bclimotini o\u02bbrganishga alohida ahamiyat berilmoqda. 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