{"id":40189,"date":"2025-02-10T09:14:43","date_gmt":"2025-02-10T04:14:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=40189"},"modified":"2025-02-07T12:16:43","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T07:16:43","slug":"hanafiylar-ta%ca%bclimotida-imon-masalasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=40189&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"HANAFIYLAR TA\u02bcLIMOTIDA IMON MASALASI"},"content":{"rendered":"

O\u02bbrta asrlarda (IX-XII) yurtimiz zaminidan yetishib chiqqan ulug\u02bb allomalar o\u02bbz kashfiyot va ta\u02bclimotlari bilan jumlai jahonni lol qoldirgan. Shunday buyuk bobokalonlarimizdan biri \u2013 islom olamida ahli sunna val jamoa aqidasi keng yoyilishiga sababchi bo\u02bblgan vatandoshimiz Imom Moturidiydir. Uning hayot davri hanafiylik Xuroson va Movarounnahrda keng tarqalgan hijriy II\/VIII asrlarga to\u02bbg\u02bbri keladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hanafiy ulamolar Abu Mansur Moturidiyni o\u02bbzining aqidadagi imomi deb hisoblaydi. Bu o\u02bbrinda shuni alohida ta\u02bckidlab o\u02bbtish lozimki, Imom Moturidiy alohida bir mazhabga asos solgan emas. Balki Abu Hanifaning mazhabiga tayanib, aqoid ilmiga oid fatvo va ta\u02bclimotini yoygan. Ayrim manbalarda \u201cMoturidiy mazhabi\u201d yo \u201cMoturidiylar\u201d degan atamalar uchrab tursa-da, buni alohida bir mazhab deb tushunmaslik kerak. Ularni Abu Hanifaning usuli din sohasidagi ta\u02bclimotini Imom Moturidiydan o\u02bbrgangan va shunga amal qilgan hanafiylar sifatida qabul qilish to\u02bbg\u02bbri bo\u02bbladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Moturidiy ta\u02bclimoti karromiylar, rofiziylar va mo\u02bbtaziliylarni hanafiy yo\u02bbnalishi asosida tanqid qiladi va ularning qarashlari asossiz ekanini isbotlab beradi. Voqelik va Alloh sifatlarining mohiyati borasidagi masalalarda bir qancha qarashlarni bayon qiladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jumladan, hozirgi kunda ko\u02bbp tortishuvlarga sabab bo\u02bblayotgan imon masalasida ham mazkur firqalar bilan hanafiy mazhabiga asoslangan Imom Moturidiy ta\u02bclimoti o\u02bbrtasida farq bor. Hadis ahli aytadi: \u201cImon \u2013 bu til bilan iqror bo\u02bblib, qalb bilan tasdiqlash va ruknlarga amal qilishdir\u201d. Karromiylar: \u201cImon \u2013 yolg\u02bbiz iqrorning o\u02bbzi\u201d, deydi. Qadariylardan bo\u02bblgan Jahm ibn Safvon: \u201cImon \u2013 bu bilishdan iboratdir\u201d, deb ta\u02bcrif bergan. Bizning muhaqqiq ulamolarimiz esa bunday deydi: \u201cImonning ma\u02bcnosi tasdiq etish, ishonishdir. Payg\u02bbambarimiz Muhammad alayhissalomga Alloh taolo nozil hamma narsani dil bilan tasdiqlab, ularga til bilan iqror bo\u02bblish \u201cimon\u201d deyiladi. Imon bunday izhor qilinadi: \u201c<\/strong>Ashhadu allaa ilaaha illallohu va ashhadu anna Muhammadan abduhu va Rosuvluh\u201d (ya\u02bcni \u201cGuvohlik beramanki, Allohdan o\u02bbzga iloh yo\u02bbq va guvohlik beramanki, Muhammad alayhissalom Uning bandasi va Rasulidir\u201d).<\/span><\/p>\n

Ushbu masala bo\u02bbyicha Abu Hanifa rahmatullohi alayh \u201cAl-Olim val mutaallim\u201d (\u201cUstoz va shogird\u201d) kitobida shogirdi Abu Muqotilga bunday degan: \u201cImon \u2013 tasdiqlash, bilish, kuchli ishonch, iqror bo\u02bblish va bo\u02bbysunishdan iborat. Tasdiqlash bobida insonlar uch darajada bo\u02bbladi. Ba\u02bczilar qalbi va tili bilan Allohni va Uning huzuridan kelgan narsalarni tasdiqlaydi, ba\u02bczilar tili bilan tasdiqlab, qalbi bilan inkor qiladi, ayrimlari qalbi bilan tasdiqlab, tili bilan inkor etadi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Demak, Alloh huzurida va insonlar oldida haqiqiy mo\u02bbmin qalbi va tili bilan Allohni va Uning huzuridan kelgan narsalarni tasdiqlagan kishidir. Tili bilan tasdiqlab, qalbida inkor qilgan kishi Alloh huzurida kofir, odamlar nazdida musulmon bo\u02bbladi. Chunki odamlar uning qalbida nima borligini bilmaydi. Aslida munofiq bo\u02bblsa ham shahodat kalimasini aytgani uchun uni mo\u02bbmin deyish lozim bo\u02bbladi. Zero, insonlar o\u02bbzgalar qalbidagi narsani bilishga majbur emas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qalbi bilan tasdiqlab, tili bilan inkor qilgan kishi Alloh taolo huzurida mo\u02bbmin, odamlar oldida kofir hisoblanadi. Ya\u02bcni, Alloh taologa imon keltirgan holida, sharoit taqozosi bilan tilidan kufr so\u02bbz chiqadi. Odamlar uni kofirga chiqaradi. Holbuki, u Alloh taolo huzurida mo\u02bbmindir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abu Hanifaning nazdida yolg\u02bbiz til bilan iqror bo\u02bblish yo faqat qalb bilan tasdiqlashning o\u02bbzi imon hisoblanmaydi. U \u201cAl-Vasiyya\u201d kitobida aytadi: \u201cImon \u2013 qalb bilan tasdiqlash va til bilan iqror bo\u02bblishdir. Faqat til bilan iqror bo\u02bblish imon emas. Chunki imon hisoblanganda, munofiqlarning barchasi mo\u02bbmin bo\u02bblar edi. Shuningdek, yolg\u02bbiz tasdiqning o\u02bbzi ham imon emas. Chunki imon hisoblanganda, ahli kitoblarning barchasi mo\u02bbmin bo\u02bblar edi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Haq taolo munofiqlar haqida aytadi: \u201cAlloh u munofiqlarning shak-shubhasiz yolg\u02bbonchi ekanliklariga ham guvohlik berur\u201d<\/strong>[1]<\/strong><\/a>. Ya\u02bcni, munofiqlar Muhammad alayhissalomning haq payg\u02bbambar ekanlariga chin dildan imon keltirgani yo\u02bbq, faqat tildagina guvohlik bergan, demak, bu yolg\u02bbon guvohlikdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alloh taolo ahli kitoblar haqida aytadi: \u201cBiz kitob ato etgan kimsalar <\/strong>(ya\u02bcni, yahudiy va nasroniylar) uni <\/strong>(Muhammad alayhissalomni) o\u02bbz farzandlarini tanigan kabi taniydilar. O\u02bbzlariga ziyon qilgan kimsalargina imon keltirmaydilar\u201d<\/strong>[2]<\/strong><\/a>.<\/em> Ya\u02bcni, ahli kitoblar Alloh va Uning Rasulini shunchaki taniganidan foyda yo\u02bbq. Chunki ular Muhammad sollallohu alayhi vasallam butun insoniyatga payg\u02bbambar bo\u02bblib kelganlariga iqror bo\u02bblmagan. Rasuli akram sollallohu alayhi vasallam arablarga xos qilib yuborilganlar, degan gumonga borgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shu bois ulamolarimiz: \u201cImon qalb bilan tasdiqlash va til bilan iqror bo\u02bblishdir\u201d, degan fikrni olg\u02bba surdi. Albatta, shar\u02bciy hukmlarni ijro qilish uchun kishi tili bilan musulmonligini e\u02bctirof etishi shart. Qalb bilan tasdiqlash botiniy ishdir. Dildagi imon uchun bir alomat-belgi zarur, odamlar shunga qarab xulosa chiqaradi \u2013 amaliga qaraydi. Shu bois qalbi bilan tasdiqlab, tili bilan iqror bo\u02bblmaganlar Alloh taoloning nazdida mo\u02bbmindir, garchi, dunyodagi shar\u02bciy hukmlarda mo\u02bbmin bo\u02bblib ko\u02bbrinmasa ham. Lekin tili bilan e\u02bctirof etib, qalbi bilan tasdiqlamaganlar munofiq darajasida bo\u02bbladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Demak, moturidiya ta\u02bclimotiga ko\u02bbra, imon qalb tasdig\u02bbi va til iqroridir. U ziyoda yoki noqis bo\u02bblmaydi. Imonning o\u02bbzi kamaymaydi, bandaning xatti-harakatiga qarab nuri kamayib yo ko\u02bbpayib turishi mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bugungi avlod ulamolari shu aqidada sobit turib, yoshlarni hanafiylik mazhabi va moturidiylik ta\u02bclimoti asosida Qur\u02bcon va sunnatga mos ravishda tarbiyalashi, yot oqimlarga bir necha asrlar muqaddam yuzaga kelgan ta\u02bclimot vositasida raddiyalar berishi zarurdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Munofiqun surasi, 1-oyat.<\/span><\/div>\n
[2]<\/a> An\u02bcom surasi, 20-oyat.<\/span><\/div>\n
Otabek BAXRIYEV,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi ilmiy xodimi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

O\u02bbrta asrlarda (IX-XII) yurtimiz zaminidan yetishib chiqqan ulug\u02bb allomalar o\u02bbz kashfiyot va ta\u02bclimotlari bilan jumlai jahonni lol qoldirgan. Shunday buyuk bobokalonlarimizdan biri \u2013 islom olamida ahli sunna val jamoa aqidasi keng yoyilishiga sababchi bo\u02bblgan vatandoshimiz Imom Moturidiydir. Uning hayot davri hanafiylik Xuroson va Movarounnahrda keng tarqalgan hijriy II\/VIII asrlarga to\u02bbg\u02bbri keladi. Hanafiy ulamolar Abu Mansur …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":40190,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nHANAFIYLAR TA\u02bcLIMOTIDA IMON MASALASI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"HANAFIYLAR TA\u02bcLIMOTIDA IMON MASALASI\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=40189&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"HANAFIYLAR TA\u02bcLIMOTIDA IMON MASALASI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"HANAFIYLAR TA\u02bcLIMOTIDA IMON MASALASI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=40189&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bukharicenter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-02-10T04:14:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-02-07T07:16:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/imon070225.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"441\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=40189&lang=oz\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=40189&lang=oz\",\"name\":\"HANAFIYLAR TA\u02bcLIMOTIDA IMON MASALASI - 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