{"id":39690,"date":"2025-01-16T10:49:37","date_gmt":"2025-01-16T05:49:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=39690"},"modified":"2025-01-15T11:01:39","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T06:01:39","slug":"aqida-ilmining-tadvin-qilinishiga-ta%ca%bcsir-ko%ca%bbrsatgan-omillar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"AQIDA ILMINING TADVIN QILINISHIGA TA\u02bcSIR KO\u02bbRSATGAN OMILLAR"},"content":{"rendered":"

Islom dinining ilk davrida boshqa islom ilmlari kabi aqida ilmi va unga doir masalalar tizimli tartibda, alohida kitob yoki risola shaklida jamlanmagan edi. Chunki sahobalarning biror aqidaviy yoki fiqhiy masala borasida savoli bo\u02bblsa, bevosita Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.)dan so\u02bbrab, javob olar edi. O\u02bbsha davrda Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.) sahobalarni Qur\u02bcon oyatlaridan boshqa narsalarni yozib olishdan qaytargan edilar. Hatto Qur\u02bcon oyatlariga aralashib ketishidan xavf qilganliklari uchun hadislarni ham yozib olishdan qaytarganlar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ummaviy xalifa Umar ibn Abdulaziz hadislarni tadvin qilishga ulamolarni targ\u02bbib qilib, Madina voliysi va qozisi bo\u02bblgan Abu Bakr ibn Hazmga odam jo\u02bbnatib, unga: \u201cRasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallamning hadislarini tekshirib, ularni yozgin. Chunki ilmning yo\u02bbq bo\u02bblib ketishidan va ulamolarning hayotdan o\u02bbtib ketishidan qo\u02bbrqayapman\u201d, deydi. Ushbu voliy xalifa Umar ibn Abdulaziz topshirig\u02bbiga ko\u02bbra hadislarni to\u02bbplaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ulamolardan Ibni Shihob Zuhriy birinchilardan bo\u02bblib, sahobalar va tobeinlardan eshitgan hadislarini kitob shaklida jamladi. Lekin u to\u02bbplagan hadislar boblarga ajratilmagan edi. Imom Zuhriydan keyin hijriy ikkinchi asr birinchi yarmida juda ko\u02bbplab muhaddislar hadislarni boblarga bo\u02bblib, tadvin qilishga kirishib ketdi. Imom Molik ibn Anas, Imom Buxoriy, Imom Muslim va boshqalar shular jumlasidandir. Ular hadislarni imon, ilm, tahorat, taloq, tavhid, sunnat kabi boblarga ajratdi va natijada, aqida ilmi paydo bo\u02bbldi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aqida ilmining boshqa ilmlar kabi alohida ajralib chiqishida bir necha tashqi va ichki sabablar bo\u02bblgan. Qur\u02bconi karim tavhidga va Payg\u02bbambarga itoat qilishga da\u02bcvat qilish bilan birga, o\u02bbsha vaqtda mavjud bo\u02bblgan dinlar va ta\u02bclimotlarga taklif qilindi. Ya\u02bcni ularning noto\u02bbg\u02bbri aqidalarini bayon qilish bilan birga, turli dalillar bilan raddiya berdi. O\u02bbsha davrda ba\u02bczi insonlar barcha din, ilohiyot va payg\u02bbambarlikni inkor qilib: \u201cBizni faqat zamon o\u02bbtishi halok qiladi\u201d, degan e\u02bctiqodda edi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aqida ilmiga oid kitoblarning tadvin qilinishiga ta\u02bcsir ko\u02bbrsatgan omillardan yana biri sahobalar davrining oxirida e\u02bctiqod borasidagi ixtilofdir. Taqdir borasidagi ixtilof shular jumlasidandir. Iroqlik Susan ismli nasroniy birinchi bo\u02bblib qadar borasida noto\u02bbg\u02bbri e\u02bctiqodni tarqatgan edi. U musulmon bo\u02bblib, yana nasroniylikka qaytadi. U bilan sahobalar o\u02bbrtasida ushbu masala borasida bir qancha bahs-munozara bo\u02bblib o\u02bbtadi. Ya\u02bcni Alloh taolo maxluqotlari haqida biror narsani taqdir qilmagan, balki ularni o\u02bbz holiga tashlab qo\u02bbygan, degan qadarni inkor qilish aqidasini tarqatishga harakat qilgan. Ma\u02bcbad ibn Xolid Juhaniy taqdir borasidagi buzuq aqidani mana shu odamdan olgan. U Hasan Basriyning ham shogirdi hisoblanadi. Hasan Basriy mana shu kabi ba\u02bczi qadariy e\u02bctiqodida bo\u02bblgan shogirdlari tufayli tanqidga uchragan. Amr ibn Ubaydning ham o\u02bbsha e\u02bctiqodda yurganini ko\u02bbrgan ba\u02bczi basraliklar uning qarashlariga qo\u02bbshildi. Uning fitnasi kattalashgach, hijriy 80-yilda Iroq voliysi Hajjoj ibn Yusuf Saqafiy xalifa Abdulmalik ibn Marvo buyrug\u02bbi bilan uni dorga osadi. Qadariylardan uzoq bo\u02bblish va ularning noto\u02bbg\u02bbri e\u02bctiqodidan Abdulloh ibn Umar, Jobir ibn Abdulloh, Abu Hurayra, Abdulloh ibn Abbos va Anas ibn Molik kabi\u00a0 sahobalar boshqalarni ogohlantirgan edi [4:14-15].<\/span><\/p>\n

Shuningdek, Ja\u02bcd ibn Dirham xalifa Hishom ibn Abdulmalik davrida Qur\u02bcon borasida o\u02bbzining noto\u02bbg\u02bbri qarashlarini tarqatgani uchun qo\u02bblga olinadi va Iroq voliysi Xolid Qusariy xalifa buyrug\u02bbiga ko\u02bbra, uni Qurbon hayiti kuni qatl qiladi [3:32].<\/span><\/p>\n

Usmon ibn Affon xalifaligi davrining oxirgi yillarida Abdulloh ibn Saba musulmonlar o\u02bbrtasida ba\u02bczi noto\u02bbg\u02bbri aqidalarni tarqatishga harakat qiladi. U musulmonlar o\u02bbrtasida raj\u02bcat va vasiyat e\u02bctiqodini olib kirishga harakat qildi. Natijada, shiachilik firqasining paydo bo\u02bblishiga sababchi bo\u02bbldi. U bu iddaosi bilan Usmon ibn Affonni xalifalikni nohaq qo\u02bblga kiritganlikda ayblab, musulmonlarni unga qarshi qo\u02bbyishga harakat qilgan. Shuning uchun ham Abdulkarim Shahristoniy xalifalik borasida ko\u02bbp kurash bo\u02bblganini, hatto biror diniy masala yuzasidan ham bunday miqdorda jangu jadal yuz bermaganini zikr qilgan [2:45].<\/span><\/p>\n

So\u02bbng mo\u02bbtaziliylar asoschisi Vosil ibn Ato aqidaga oid ma\u02bclum masalalar borasida kitob yozib, sahoba va tobeinlar e\u02bctiqodiga qarshi chiqdi. Tobeinlar unga raddiya berishga va u bilan bahs-munozara qilishga kirishdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hijoz o\u02bblkasida Abdulloh ibn Zubayr xalifaligi tugatilgandan so\u02bbng, ummaviylar tomonidan Iroq voliysi bo\u02bblgan Hajjoj ibn Yusuf Saqafiy Sijiston viloyatiga Abdurahmon ibn Muhammad ibn Ash\u02bcas Kindiyni hokim qilib jo\u02bbnatadi. Ibn Ash\u02bcas esa Hajjojga ham, ummaviylarga ham qarshi chiqib, bir qancha janglar olib boradi va hatto ularni yo\u02bbqotishga yaqin qoladi. Bu fitnada Sha\u02bcbiy va Said ibn Jubayr kabi katta tobeinlar ham qatnashadi. Ummaviylar qo\u02bbshini Ibn Ash\u02bcasni mag\u02bblubiyatga uchratadi. Uning mag\u02bblubiyati ortidan murjiiylik harakati paydo bo\u02bbladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hijriy II asr va III asr boshida mo\u02bbtaziliylar o\u02bbz qarashlarini turli yo\u02bbllar bilan tarqatishga harakat qildi. Jumladan, dars halqalari tashkil\u00a0 qildi va muxoliflari bilan bahs-munozara olib bordi. Shuningdek, aqidaviy qarashlari va muxoliflariga raddiya berish uchun juda ko\u02bbp asar yozdi hamda ularni barcha shaharlarga tarqatdi [8:51-54]. Xususan, xalifa Ma\u02bcmun davrida boshlangan yunon falsafasi kitoblarining tarjima qilinishi ahli sunna val jamoa tomonidan aqidaviy masalalarning tadvin qilinishiga katta ta\u02bcsir ko\u02bbrsatgan omillardan biridir [10:21]. Gohida biror olim islomiy aqida haqida so\u02bbraganda, shu mavzuga oid alohida kitob yozish holatlari ko\u02bbplab sodir bo\u02bblgan. Buni aqidaga oid ko\u02bbpgina kitoblar muqaddimasida ham kuzatish mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aqoid ilmining ta\u02bcrifida keltirilgan turli shubhalarni rad etish maqsadida Vosil ibn Ato, Amr ibn Ubayd, Allof, Nazzom, Qozi Abduljabbor kabi mo\u02bbtazila firqasi namoyandalari ham sanaviylar, moniylar, mazdakiylar kabi turli din va ta\u02bclimotlarga raddiya asarlar yozgan [1:145].<\/span><\/p>\n

Kalom ilmining paydo bo\u02bblishiga ta\u02bcsir etuvchi tashqi sabablardan biri musulmonlar bilan begona dinlar to\u02bbqnashuvidir. Roshidun xalifaligi davridan boshlab islom geografiyasining tezlik bilan kengayishi natijasida musulmonlar turli dinlardan bo\u02bblgan ulamolarni uchratib, ular bilan madaniy aloqaga kirishgan va diniy masalalarni muhokama qilgan. Shu sababdan musulmon ulamolari islomga e\u02bctirozlarga javob topishi kerak edi. Diniy masalalar bo\u02bbyicha munozara olib boradigan guruhlar boshida nasroniylar turadi. Ma\u02bclumki, ayniqsa, Ummaviylar davrida xalifalar sharq nasroniy olimlari bilan muloqotga kirishib, o\u02bbz saroylarida ularning zimmasiga turli vazifalarni yuklagan. Ularning yetakchilaridan biri Yuhanna al-Dimashqiy islom dinini tanqid qiluvchi kitob yozgan. Nasroniy olimlarining ba\u02bczi iddaolari Qur\u02bcon mohiyati va sifatlari to\u02bbg\u02bbrisidagi bahslarning paydo bo\u02bblishida qisman rol o\u02bbynagan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Musulmonlar va nasroniylar o\u02bbrtasida o\u02bbxshatish va tajsim masalalarini muhokama qilishda yahudiylarning ham hissasi borligini ko\u02bbrsatadigan dalillar mavjud. Darhaqiqat, yahudiylarning tashbeh e\u02bctiqodi haqida hadislar to\u02bbqib chiqargani ma\u02bclum. Musulmonlar orasida sabaiya, g\u02bboliya kabi ekstremistik oqimlar paydo bo\u02bblishi va tarafdorlarining ko\u02bbpayishida o\u02bbsha davrdagi ayrim yahudiylar ham katta rol o\u02bbynagan. Bundan tashqari, qadimgi Sharq dinlari vakillaridan sanaviylik, zardushtiylik, deysanlik, brahmanlik kabilar ham o\u02bbz g\u02bboyalarini ilgari surgan va oz sonli bo\u02bblsa-da, ulardan ta\u02bcsirlangan kishilar mavjud edi. Islom dinini tanqid qilgan xorijiy din olimlarining falsafadan, xususan, yunon tafakkuridan bahramand bo\u02bblishi musulmon olimlarini falsafa madaniyatini o\u02bbrganishga olib keldi. Mohiyatan yunon falsafasi Iskandariya maktabi orqali musulmonlar fath qilgan Misrda tarqaldi. Bundan tashqari, falsafiy asarlar arab tiliga ham tarjima qilingan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba\u02bczi tarixchilarning yozishicha, mo\u02bbtaziliylar firqasi vakillarida nasroniylikdan ta\u02bcsirlangan holda saloh, aslah, iroda erkinligi va Yaratuvchining ismlari hamda sifatlarini inkor etish kabi ko\u02bbpgina noto\u02bbg\u02bbri aqidaviy qarash shakllangan [6:26-36].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Mana shu jarayonlardan keyin ahli sunna val jamoa aqidasi borasida kitoblar yozish boshlandi. Hatto bu ish adashgan firqa va oqimlarning noto\u02bbg\u02bbri ta\u02bcvillariga raddiya berish uchun zaruratga aylandi. Kalom ilmi borasida tadqiqot olib borgan olimlar fikriga ko\u02bbra, ahli sunna val jamoa aqidasi bo\u02bbyicha eng dastlabki kitob Imom Abu Hanifaning \u201cAl-Fiqh al-akbar\u201d asari hisoblanadi. Imom Abu Hanifa ushbu asarida mo\u02bbtazila, qadariya, jahmiya va shia firqalariga raddiya bergan. Uni Abu Mute\u02bc Balxiy va Hammod ibn Abu Hanifa rivoyat qilgan. Mazkur asar asosan taqdir, Alloh taoloning xohish-irodasi, gunoh tufayli kofirga chiqaradiganlarga raddiya va imon kabi beshta asosiy mavzuni o\u02bbz ichiga olgan. Shuningdek, bu asarda Allohning ismlari va sifatlari, fitrat, payg\u02bbambarlarning ma\u02bcsumligi, sahobalar darajasi kabi aqidaviy masalalar bayon qilingan. Aqida fani bo\u02bbyicha birinchi asar yozgani uchun Imom Abu Hanifani ushbu fan asoschisi ham deyish mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Ibn Vahb (vaf.197) muhaddislar uslubida taqdir borasida kelgan hadislarni jamlab, kitob yozgan. Mazkur asar boblarga ajratilmagan. Shofe\u02bciy mazhabi asoschisi Imom Shofe\u02bciyga ham \u201cAl-Fiqh al-akbar\u201d nomli kitobning nisbati beriladi. Lekin bu asarning Imom Shofe\u02bciyga nisbat berilishi ishonchli emas. Hoji Xalifa bu asarning Imom Shofe\u02bciyga nisbat berilishida shubha bor, uni katta ehtimol bilan boshqa bir olim yozgan, degan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abu Hanifadan keyin aqida ilmi borasida turli nomlar bilan ko\u02bbplab ulamolar asar yozgan. Jumladan, Abu Ubayd Qosim ibn Salom (vaf.224) \u201cKitob al-imon\u201d nomli asar yozgan. O\u02bbsha davrda sog\u02bblom e\u02bctiqodni bildiradigan alohida nom paydo bo\u02bbldi. Ya\u02bcni sahih e\u02bctiqod borasida yozilgan asarlar \u201cKitob as-sunna\u201d nomi bilan mashhur bo\u02bbldi. Ibn Abu Shayba (vaf.235) va Imom Ahmad ibn Hanbal (vaf.241) e\u02bctiqod borasida \u201cKitob as-sunna\u201d turkumidagi asarlarni yozgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hijriy III asrning ikkinchi yarmiga kelib, aqida masalalariga bag\u02bbishlangan asarlarni \u201cKitob at-tavhid\u201d nomi bilan atash an\u02bcanaga aylandi. Jumladan, Ibn Surayj Bag\u02bbdodiy (vaf.306) va Ibn Xuzayma \u201cKitob at-tavhid\u201d nomli asar yozgan. Bu holat \u201cUsul ad-din\u201d atamasi paydo bo\u02bblgunicha davom etdi. Hijriy V asr boshlaridan e\u02bctiqodiy masalalarga bag\u02bbishlangan asarlarni \u201cKitob al-aqida\u201d nomi bilan atash boshlandi [4:16-17].<\/span><\/p>\n

Xalifa Ma\u02bcmun davrida boshlangan Qur\u02bconni maxluq deyish fitnasi ham ahli sunna val jamoaning to\u02bbg\u02bbri e\u02bctiqodiy qarashlarini jamlagan alohida asarlar yozilishiga ta\u02bcsir ko\u02bbrsatgan asosiy omillardan biri bo\u02bbldi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tarixiy manbalarda zikr qilinishicha, xalifa Mahdiy zindiqlarni tekshirish va ularni yo\u02bbqotishga qattiq kirishadi. Hatto ular bilan bahs-munozara qilish uchun alohida devon joriy qilib, unga Umar al-Kalavoziyni boshliq etib tayinlaydi. Ular bilan bahs-munozara qilish va raddiya berish uchun aqida kitoblarini yozish buyurildi. Imom Suyutiy \u201cU (xalifa Mahdiy) zindiqlar va dahriylarga raddiya berish uchun alohida kitob yozishga buyruq bergan birinchi kishidir\u201d [5:271].<\/span><\/p>\n

O\u02bbtgan asrda yashab ijod qilgan olim Zohid Kavsariy xavorij va shia firqalari biror bir ilmiy dalilga asoslanmagan, balki siyosiy his-tuyg\u02bbu sabab paydo bo\u02bblganini ta\u02bckidlaydi [7:17].<\/span><\/p>\n

Ahli sunna val jamoa ulamolari hijriy III asrdan keyin adashgan firqalar o\u02bbzining aqidaviy qarashlarini tarqatishni boshlaganidan so\u02bbng ularga qarshi raddiya asarlar yozish boshlandi. Jumladan, Imom Dorimiy \u201cAr-Radd ala Bishr al-Marisiy (Bishr Marisiyga qarshi raddiya)\u201d nomli asari muqaddimasida quyidagilarni zikr qiladi: \u201cAgar bu kishi Marisiyning noto\u02bbg\u02bbri aqidalarini tarqatmaganida edi, biz u haqda zikr qilmagan bo\u02bblar edik\u201d [9:56-57]. Imom Dorimiy kabi ulamolarning mana shunday raddiya asarlar yozishdan asosiy maqsadi aqidaviy masalalar borasida yetarli ilmga ega bo\u02bblmagan oddiy musulmonlar qalbiga ularning ayrim buzuq aqidalari o\u02bbrnashib qolmasligi edi. Mazkur yo\u02bbnalish borasida eng ko\u02bbp yozilgan asar Qur\u02bconning maxluq emasligi masalasiga bag\u02bbishlangan. Chunki bu noto\u02bbg\u02bbri e\u02bctiqodiy qarash musulmonlar o\u02bbrtasida keng tarqalib ketgani uchun ahli sunna val jamoa ulamolari mana shu mavzuda alohida asarlar yozgan. Shuningdek, o\u02bbsha davrda adashgan firqa va oqimlar o\u02bbzining aqidaviy qarashlari bayon qilingan turli risola va\u00a0 kitoblar yozib, tarqatgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aqidaviy masalalarning tizimli shaklda tadvin qilinishining sabablaridan yana biri islom dini yetib borgan turli o\u02bblkalardan kelgan musulmonlarning e\u02bctiqodiy mavzular bo\u02bbyicha turli savollarga javob berish edi. Ba\u02bczi hollarda ulamolardan e\u02bctiqod borasida kitob yozib berishni so\u02bbrashgan. Bunga ahli sunna val jamoaning mashhur imomlari muayyan aqidaviy masala borasida yozgan risolalari ham dalil bo\u02bbla oladi. Jumladan, Abu Nasr Sajziyning (vaf.448\/1056) Yamandagi Zubayd shahri ahliga yozgan risolasi misol bo\u02bbladi [4:54].<\/span><\/p>\n

Xulosa o\u02bbrnida shuni aytish mumkinki, ahli sunna val jamoaning mashhur ulamolarining o\u02bbzlariga nisbatan noto\u02bbg\u02bbri e\u02bctiqodiy qarashlar nisbat berilmasligi uchun ham aqidaviy qarashlar borasidagi kitoblar yozilgan. Chunki omma ularga ergashib, e\u02bctiqodiy qarashlarini bir-biriga naql qilar edi.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR:<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    Abdulmajid Najjor. Fiqh at-tadayyun fahman va tanzila. \u2013 Qohira: Az-Zaytuniya, 1995.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    Abul Fath Muhammad ibn Abulqosim Shahristoniy. Al-Milal van-nihal. \u2013 Bayrut: Dor as-surur, 1948. \u2013 J. I.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    Ali Mustafo al-G\u02bbarobiy. Tarix al-firaq al-islomiya va nash\u02bcatu ilmil kalom indal muslimin. \u2013 Bayrut: Kitobu turos, 2018.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    Doktor Nosir ibn Yahyo al-Hunayniy. Manhaju ahli sunna val jamoa fi tadvini ilmil aqida. \u2013 Ar-Riyod: Markaz al-fikr al-muosir, 2010.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  5. \n
    Jaloliddin Suyutiy. Tarixul xulofo. \u2013 Bayrut: Al-Maktaba at-tijoriya al-kubro, 1969.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  6. \n
    Jorulloh Zuhdiy. Al-Mo\u02bbtazila. \u2013 Qohira: Maktabatu Misr, 1947.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  7. \n
    Muhammad Zohir Kavsariy. Muqaddimatu kitob tabyini kizbil muftariy fi mo nusiba il-imom Abil Hasan al-Ash\u02bcariy li Ibni Asokir. \u2013 Bayrut: Dor al-kutub al-arabiy, 1979.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  8. \n
    Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Abdurahmon Malatiy. At-Tanbeh va var-rad. \u2013 Ar-Riyod: Al-Mu\u02bctaman, 1994.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  9. \n
    Hofiz Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Ali Xatib Bag\u02bbdodiy. Tarixu Bag\u02bbdod. \u2013 Bayrut: Dor al-kutub al-ilmiya, 2004. \u2013 J. VII.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  10. \n
    Yusuf ibn Ali at-Tarif. Tadvinu ilmil aqida inda ahli sunna val-jamoa. \u2013 Ar-Riyod: Dor ibni Xuzayma, 2009.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    SOATMUROD PRIMOV,<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
    Imom Buxoriy nomidagi Toshkent islom instituti<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
    Ilmiy ishlar va fan bo\u02bbyicha prorektori,<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
    islomshunoslik fanlari bo\u02bbyicha falsafa doktori (PhD)<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Islom dinining ilk davrida boshqa islom ilmlari kabi aqida ilmi va unga doir masalalar tizimli tartibda, alohida kitob yoki risola shaklida jamlanmagan edi. Chunki sahobalarning biror aqidaviy yoki fiqhiy masala borasida savoli bo\u02bblsa, bevosita Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.)dan so\u02bbrab, javob olar edi. O\u02bbsha davrda Payg\u02bbambar (a.s.) sahobalarni Qur\u02bcon oyatlaridan boshqa narsalarni yozib olishdan qaytargan edilar. Hatto Qur\u02bcon …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":39691,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nAQIDA ILMINING TADVIN QILINISHIGA TA\u02bcSIR KO\u02bbRSATGAN OMILLAR - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"AQIDA ILMINING TADVIN QILINISHIGA TA\u02bcSIR KO\u02bbRSATGAN OMILLAR\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"AQIDA ILMINING TADVIN QILINISHIGA TA\u02bcSIR KO\u02bbRSATGAN OMILLAR - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"AQIDA ILMINING TADVIN QILINISHIGA TA\u02bcSIR KO\u02bbRSATGAN OMILLAR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bukharicenter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-01-16T05:49:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-01-15T06:01:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/tadvin1601.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"372\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz\",\"name\":\"AQIDA ILMINING TADVIN QILINISHIGA TA\u02bcSIR KO\u02bbRSATGAN OMILLAR - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/tadvin1601.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-16T05:49:37+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-01-15T06:01:39+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/#\/schema\/person\/a478cd03492de0ffa33336a39f0b5b1c\"},\"description\":\"AQIDA ILMINING TADVIN QILINISHIGA TA\u02bcSIR KO\u02bbRSATGAN OMILLAR\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/tadvin1601.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/tadvin1601.jpg\",\"width\":660,\"height\":372},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"AQIDA ILMINING TADVIN QILINISHIGA TA\u02bcSIR KO\u02bbRSATGAN OMILLAR\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/\",\"name\":\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\",\"description\":\"bukhari.uz\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/#\/schema\/person\/a478cd03492de0ffa33336a39f0b5b1c\",\"name\":\"Markaz\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?author=1\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"AQIDA ILMINING TADVIN QILINISHIGA TA\u02bcSIR KO\u02bbRSATGAN OMILLAR - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi","description":"AQIDA ILMINING TADVIN QILINISHIGA TA\u02bcSIR KO\u02bbRSATGAN OMILLAR","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"AQIDA ILMINING TADVIN QILINISHIGA TA\u02bcSIR KO\u02bbRSATGAN OMILLAR - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi","og_description":"AQIDA ILMINING TADVIN QILINISHIGA TA\u02bcSIR KO\u02bbRSATGAN OMILLAR","og_url":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz","og_site_name":"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bukharicenter\/","article_published_time":"2025-01-16T05:49:37+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-01-15T06:01:39+00:00","og_image":[{"width":660,"height":372,"url":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/tadvin1601.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Markaz","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@www_bukhari_uz","twitter_site":"@www_bukhari_uz","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Markaz","Est. reading time":"9 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz","url":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz","name":"AQIDA ILMINING TADVIN QILINISHIGA TA\u02bcSIR KO\u02bbRSATGAN OMILLAR - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/tadvin1601.jpg","datePublished":"2025-01-16T05:49:37+00:00","dateModified":"2025-01-15T06:01:39+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/#\/schema\/person\/a478cd03492de0ffa33336a39f0b5b1c"},"description":"AQIDA ILMINING TADVIN QILINISHIGA TA\u02bcSIR KO\u02bbRSATGAN OMILLAR","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/tadvin1601.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/tadvin1601.jpg","width":660,"height":372},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39690&lang=oz#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"AQIDA ILMINING TADVIN QILINISHIGA TA\u02bcSIR KO\u02bbRSATGAN OMILLAR"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/#website","url":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/","name":"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi","description":"bukhari.uz","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/#\/schema\/person\/a478cd03492de0ffa33336a39f0b5b1c","name":"Markaz","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/"],"url":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?author=1"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39690"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=39690"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39690\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39692,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39690\/revisions\/39692"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/39691"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=39690"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=39690"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=39690"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}