{"id":39546,"date":"2025-01-07T11:06:43","date_gmt":"2025-01-07T06:06:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=39546"},"modified":"2025-01-07T11:06:43","modified_gmt":"2025-01-07T06:06:43","slug":"imom-dorimiyning-movarounnahr-hadis-ilmi-rivojida-tutgan-o%ca%bbrni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39546&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"IMOM DORIMIYNING MOVAROUNNAHR HADIS ILMI RIVOJIDA TUTGAN O\u02bbRNI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bugungi kunda inson ruhiy-ma\u02bcnaviy kamolotining ilmiy manbai bo\u02bblgan hadisshunoslik faniga qiziqish tobora ortmoqda. Bunda keyingi yillarda islom ilmlarining oltin davrida yashab ijod qilgan allomalar merosini o\u02bbrganishga keng yo\u02bbl ochilgani muhim omil bo\u02bblmoqda. Shu bois bo\u02bblsa kerak, xalqimizning hozirgi taraqqiyot bosqichida o\u02bbsha davr allomalarining asarlarida nozik nuqtalar bilan ifodalangan durdonalarni o\u02bbrganish tadqiqotchilarning muhim vazifalaridan biriga aylandi. Bunday yuksak ilm sohiblari orasida Movarounnahrda yashab ijod etgan yetuk muhaddis alloma, tafsir, hadis kabi fanlarning asoschilaridan biri Imom Dorimiy alohida o\u02bbrin tutadi. Uning shoh asari bo\u02bblmish \u201cSunan\u201d faqat nodir meros emas, balki \u201cKutubi tis\u02bca\u201d, ya\u02bcni \u201cTo\u02bbqqiz kitob\u201d deb ataluvchi eng ishonchli hadis to\u02bbplamlaridan biri sifatida g\u02bboyat qadrlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abdulloh ibn Abdurahmon ibn Fazl ibn Bahrom ibn Abdulloh Abu Muhammad Tamimiy Dorimiy Samarqandiy 181\/797-yili Samarqandda tavallud topgan. Bu sananing e\u02bctibor tortadigan jihati bor \u2013 xuddi shu yili yirik muhaddis Abdulloh ibn Muborak Marvaziy vafot etgan. Manbalarda shu sababli Imom Dorimiyga Abdulloh deb ism qo\u02bbyilgani qayd etiladi. Jumladan, buyuk olim Is\u02bchoq ibn Ibrohim Varroq bunday deydi: \u201cMen Dorimiyning: \u201c181\/797-yilda, ya\u02bcni Abdulloh ibn Muborak rahmatullohi alayh vafot etgan yili tug\u02bbilganman\u201d deganini eshitganman\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhaddisning bobosi Bani Tamim qabilasi mavlosi va Payg\u02bbambar sollallohu alayhi vasallamning kotiblaridan biri bo\u02bblgan Dorim ibn Molik ibn Hanzala ibn Zayd Manot ibn Tamimga bog\u02bblangani uchun allomaga Dorimiy nisbasi berilgan. O\u02bbsha davrda olimlarga otasi yo bobosining ismi yoki tug\u02bbilgan joyining nomi yoki ustozining ismi bilan nisbat berish odat bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Allomaning to\u02bbliq ismi \u2013 Abu Muhammad Abdulloh ibn Abdurahmon Tamimiy Dorimiy Samarqandiy rahimahulloh. U \u201cNaqz\u201d va \u201cMusnadul kabir\u201d asarlari sohibi hofiz Usmon ibn Said Dorimiy emas, balki uning zamondoshidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alloma hifzu xotirasi, ilm yo\u02bblida safarda bo\u02bblishi va ilmiy mahorati bilan tanilgan. Xatib Bag\u02bbdodiy rahimahulloh: \u201cHadis borasida safar qilganlardan biri, hadisni xotirasida saqlab qolish, jamlash, mahoratlilardan o\u02bbziga ishonch, sidqidillik, taqvo va so\u02bbfiylik bilan sifatlanganlardan biri edi. Diyonati, halimligi va dinda hushyorligi bilan zarbulmasal qilingan\u201d, deydi [3:26].<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Dorimiy hadis ilmining sultoni Imom Buxoriydan o\u02bbn uch yosh katta bo\u02bblgan. Ular bir zamonda (IX asr) yashab, hadis to\u02bbplagan, kitobat qilgan. Albatta, bu ikki buyuk muhaddis bir-birini tanigan, yaqin ilmiy munosabatda bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Dorimiy Imom Muslim, Abu Dovud va Termiziy kabi muhaddis ulamolarga ustozlik qilgan. Shuning o\u02bbzi allomaning qanday mavqega ega bo\u02bblgani to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida yorqin tasavvur hosil qilish imkonini beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Dorimiy o\u02bbz zamonasining ham hadis, ham fiqh sohasida faoliyat ko\u02bbrsatgan eng mashhur olimlaridan bo\u02bblgan. Dunyoqarashi murakkab siyosiy, diniy va ijtimoiy muhitda shakllangan bo\u02bblsa, ilmiy faoliyati har xil soxta, to\u02bbqima hadislar tarqalgan davrda, turli firqa va oqimlar o\u02bbrtasidagi bahs-munozaralar avj olgan paytda kechgan. Asosan mana shu omillar olimni ishonchli hadislarni jamlashga, bu g\u02bboyat mas\u02bculiyatli ishga chuqur mulohaza, o\u02bbta sinchkovlik bilan, tanqidiy va tahliliy yondashishga yetaklagan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cCiyar a\u02bclamin nubalo\u201d, \u201cTabaqotul huffoz\u201d va \u201cA\u02bclom\u201d asarlarida Imom Dorimiy Movarounnahrning eng yirik muhaddislaridan biri sifatida e\u02bctirof etilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Taniqli olimlar Imom Dorimiy haqida quyidagicha fikr bildirgan: \u201cHofizul hadis Abu Quraysh rahmatullohi alayhi muhaddis haqida bunday deydi: \u201cMen Muhammad ibn Bashshorning: \u201cDunyoda to\u02bbrt buyuk hofiz (juda ko\u02bbp hadis yod olgan muhaddis) bor. Birinchisi \u2013 Abu Zur\u02bca, ikkinchisi \u2013 nishopurlik Imom Muslim, uchinchisi \u2013 samarqandlik Abdulloh ibn Abdurahmon Dorimiy, to\u02bbrtinchisi \u2013 buxorolik Imom Muhammad ibn Ismoil Buxoriy\u201d, deganini eshitganman\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhammad ibn Ibrohim Sheroziy aytadi: \u201cIbn Abdurahmon Dorimiy aql-idrokda, dinu diyonatda yetuk kishi edi. U zotning hadis va turli darslarni yodlashdagi quvvai hofizasi, halimligi, komil mo\u02bbminga xos ibodati, zohidligi va hadis ilmi sohibiga xos ziyrak-bilimdonligi zarbulmasal qilingandir\u201d. Yana shu roviy: \u201cImom Dorimiyning hadis, tafsir, fiqhga oid va boshqa ilmiy ishlari hali u Samarqandda paytidayoq ma\u02bclum va mashhur edi. So\u02bbng Xurosonda, undan keyin Shom, Iroq, Makkai mukarrama, Madinai munavvara va Misrdagi ulamolar huzurida bo\u02bblib, hadis, tafsir va fiqh ilmlarini o\u02bbrgangan. Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallamni u zotning hadislariga qo\u02bbshilgan yolg\u02bbonlardan qo\u02bbriqlovchilar qatorida bo\u02bblib, buyuk muhaddis, komil mufassir va faqih olim edi\u201d, deb aytadi [3:5].<\/span><\/p>\n

Abu Hotim Muhammad ibn Hibbon Samarqandiy: \u201cImom Dorimiy ilmda o\u02bbz zamonasining yetuk peshvosi edi. Ibn Abdurahmon bekamu ko\u02bbst hofizlardan bo\u02bblib, taqvo ahlidan sanalgan. Qur\u02bconi karim va hadisi shariflarni yod olgan, yozib jamlagan, dinda faqih olim darajasiga yetgan, bir qancha kitoblar tasnif etgan, tinglovchi muxlislarga hadis aytgan. Alloma o\u02bbz ona shahri Samarqandda Payg\u02bbambarimiz sollallohu alayhi vasallamning sunnatlarini joriy qilgan ulug\u02bb kishilardan bo\u02bblib, mo\u02bbminlarni sunnatga amal qilishga chaqirgan va shariat toptalgan joylarda uni himoya qilgan. Shariatga xilof ish qilganlarni to\u02bbg\u02bbri yo\u02bblga solish maqsadida ba\u02bczi bir loqayd kimsalarga munosib raddiyalar bera olgan zot edi\u201d, deb ta\u02bcrif bergan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhammad ibn Abdulloh ibn Numayr: \u201cBu zot hifz va taqvoda bizdan o\u02bbzib ketgan\u201d, deb aytadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Is\u02bchoq ibn Rohavayh: \u201cBag\u02bbdodda Muhammad ibn Abdulloh ibn Mubarrad Mahromiyning bunday murojaatini eshitdim: \u201cEy Xuroson ahli, toki orangizda Abdulloh ibn Abdurahmon Dorimiy bor ekan, boshqa muhaddislar bilan mashg\u02bbul bo\u02bblishning hojati yo\u02bbqdir\u201d, degan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bandorning zikr qilishicha: \u201cDunyoning hofizlari to\u02bbrt kishi: Muhammad ibn Ismoil Buxoriy, Muslim ibn Hajjoj Naysoburiy, Abu Zur\u02bca Roziy va Abdulloh ibn Abdurahmon Dorimiy Samarqandiydir\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Navaviy: \u201cO\u02bbz zamonasining hofizlaridan bo\u02bblib, hadis yod olish va husni fazilatda unga tenglashadigani kam edi\u201d, deydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bulardan boshqa ko\u02bbplab ulamolar ham uning aql-zakovati, odob-axloqi va ilmini vasf qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Dorimiy hayoti davomida bir necha asarlar yozgan bo\u02bblib, ilmiy-ma\u02bcnaviy merosini \u201cMusnad\u201d, \u201cTafsir\u201d, \u201cJomi\u02bc\u201d, \u201cSulosiyot fil hadis\u201d, \u201cKitob sunna fil hadis\u201d va \u201cKitob savmul mustahazot val mutaxayyirot\u201d kabi asarlari tashkil qiladi. Allomaning eng mashhur asari \u201cMusnad\u201d (lug\u02bbaviy ma\u02bcnosi \u2013 \u201cTayanch\u201d yoki \u201cSanadli hadislar to\u02bbplami\u201d) bo\u02bblib, \u201cSunani Dorimiy\u201d nomi bilan mashhur. E\u02bctiborli tomoni shundaki, Imom Buxoriy, Imom Muslim, Abu Dovud Sijistoniy, Imom Termiziy, Ibn Moja va boshqa ko\u02bbplab boshqa muhaddislar o\u02bbz asarlarida Imom Dorimiyning \u201cSunan\u201didagi hadislarni keltirgan. Masalan, Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallamning \u201cHovlisida xurmo daraxti bor xonadon ahli hech qachon och qolmaydi\u201d yoki \u201cSirka \u2013 eng yaxshi nonxurush (hazm qiluvchi vosita)dir\u201d degan so\u02bbzlarini yuqorida zikr etilgan ko\u02bbpchilik muhaddislar Imom Dorimiydan rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Dorimiyning vafot sanasi va dafn etilgan joyi haqida turlicha ma\u02bclumotlar mavjud. Biroq aksariyat ishonchli manbalarda, jumladan, Xatib Bag\u02bbdodiy, Abu Hafs Nasafiy, Shamsuddin Zahabiy kabi olimlarning ta\u02bckidlashicha, Imom Dorimiy 255\/869-yili 75 yoshida vafot etib, Arafa (zulhijja oyining to\u02bbqqizinchi, juma) kuni dafn etilgani qayd qilinadi. Shuningdek, Hofiz Ahmad ibn Sayyor Marvaziyning aytishicha: \u201cDorimiy yetmish besh yoshda, 255\/869-yil zulhijja oyining tarviya (sakkizinchi) kuni, asr namozidan so\u02bbng dorul fanodan dorul baqoga rihlat qilib, arafa (juma) kuni dafn qilingan\u201d [1:7].<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Dorimiy o\u02bbz davrida hadis ilmining eng buyuk imomlaridan biri bo\u02bblganini faxr va fazl bilan tilga olmoq darkor. Darhaqiqat, o\u02bbsha davr imomlaridan ba\u02bczilari uning bevosita shogirdlari bo\u02bblgan, masalan:<\/span><\/div>\n
\u2013 Imom Muslim ibn Hajjoj Nishopuriy (vaf. 875-y.) \u201cSahihi Muslim\u201d kitobida yetmishdan ortiq o\u02bbrinda undan hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/div>\n
\u2013 Imom Muhammad ibn Iso Abu Iso Termiziy (vaf. 892-y.) \u201cSunan\u201d kitobida ellikdan ortiq o\u02bbrinda undan hadis rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/div>\n
\u2013 Imom Sulaymon ibn Ash\u02bcas Abu Dovud Sijistoniy (vaf. 889-y.) o\u02bbz \u201cSunan\u201dida bir qancha o\u02bbrinlarda undan rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/div>\n
Imom Buxoriyning ham Imom Dorimiydan hadis rivoyat qilganini Imom Termiziy \u201cSunan\u201dining oxirida aytib o\u02bbtgan [3:23].<\/span><\/div>\n

Dorimiyning hadis kitobiga kelsak, u sunnati nabaviyani jamlagan kitoblar orasida alohida o\u02bbrin tutadi. Imom Jaloliddin Suyutiy va boshqa bir qancha ulamolar uni haqli ravishda sahih deb atagan. Imom Ibn Hajar \u201cSunan Ibn Moja\u201ddan ko\u02bbra Imom Dorimiyning kitobini \u201cOlti eng ishonchli kitob\u201dning oltinchisi deb hisoblash ma\u02bcqul, ekanini ta\u02bckidlagan. Bu esa uning hadisi sharif kitoblari orasida yuksak mavqega ega ekanidan dalolat beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Asar nabaviy mo\u02bbjizalar bilan to\u02bbldirilgan. Shuningdek, ishonchliligi, ilm fazli va yuksak odob-axloqi ba\u02bczi fazilatlari bilan ajralib turadi. Asar sharhlashga, izohlashga va tolibi ilmlar orasida yoyishga munosibdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Asarni fiqhiy boblarga bo\u02bblinadigan sunan kitoblariga muvofiq tuzgan. Asar kitoblar va boblar uslubiga asoslangan. Asarni nabaviy siyratlar va mo\u02bbjizalar, sunnatga amal qilish, yoshlarning odob-axloqi va ilmning fazilati haqidagi bir necha bobni o\u02bbz ichiga olgan muqaddima bilan taqdim etgan. So\u02bbng odatiy tartibda \u201cPoklanish\u201d kitobi bilan boshlab, \u201cNamoz\u201d, \u201cZakot\u201d, \u201cRo\u02bbza\u201d, \u201cHaj\u201d kitoblari bilan davom ettirgan, so\u02bbngida \u201cQur\u02bconning fazilatlari\u201d kitobi bilan tugatgan. Marfu\u02bc, mavquf, maqtu\u02bc, muttasil, munqati\u02bc, sahih va zaif hadislarni iqtibos qilgan. Bularning hammasi rivoyat sanadi bilan, sanadlari tanqid qilinmaydigan holda bayon qilingan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Navaviy, Ibn Saloh va Aloiy rahimahumulloh kabi ba\u02bczi allomalar sanadlarining kuchli va roviylarining afzalligi bois Dorimiyning \u201cSunan\u201d asarini Ibn Mojaning \u201cSunan\u201didan yuqori qo\u02bbygan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ibn Hajar rahimahulloh: \u201cSunan\u201d kitobi \u201cMusnadi Dorimiy\u201d deb nomlangan. Ammo u martaba jihatidan \u201csunan\u201ddan quyi emas. Balki beshinchi bo\u02bblib qo\u02bbshilsa, Ibn Mojadan avloroq bo\u02bbladi. Chunki unda ko\u02bbproq hadis keltirilgan\u201d, degan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abu Hotim Muhammad ibn Hibbon rahimahulloh: \u201cImom Dorimiy ilmda o\u02bbz zamonasining peshvosi edi. Ibn Abdurahmon bekamu ko\u02bbst hofizlardan bo\u02bblib, taqvo ahlidan sanalgan. Qur\u02bconi karim va hadisi shariflarni yod olgan, yozib jamlagan, dinda faqih olim darajasiga yetgan, bir qancha kitoblar tasnif etgan, tinglovchi muxlislarga hadis aytgan. Alloma o\u02bbz ona shahri Samarqandda Payg\u02bbambarimiz sollallohu alayhi vasallamning sunnatlarini joriy qilgan ulug\u02bb kishilardan bo\u02bblib, mo\u02bbminlarni sunnatga amal qilishga da\u02bcvat qilgan… Shariatga xilof ish qilganlarni to\u02bbg\u02bbri yo\u02bblga solish maqsadida ba\u02bczi bir loqayd kimsalarga munosib raddiya bera olgan zot edi\u201d, deb yozgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shayx Abdulhay Kattoniy: \u201cUning sanadi yuqori darajada turadigan sulosiyot hadislari ham bo\u02bblib, Buxoriyning sulosiyotlaridan ham ko\u02bbpdir\u201d, degan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cCiyar a\u02bclamin nubalo\u201d, \u201cTabaqotul huffoz\u201d va \u201cA\u02bclom\u201d asarlarida Imom Dorimiy Movarounnahrning eng yirik muhaddislaridan biri sifatida e\u02bctirof etilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSunan\u201dning 1986-yilda Favoz Ahmad Zumariy va Xolid Sab\u02bca A\u02bclamiy tomonidan Bayrutdagi \u201cDorul kitobul arabiy\u201d matbaa uyida chop etilgan zamonaviy nashrida hadislar, boblar va kitoblarga raqamlar qo\u02bbyilib, mundarija ishlab chiqilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ta\u02bckidlanganidek, Imom Dorimiyning eng mashhur kitoblaridan biri \u201cSunani Dorimiy\u201d bo\u02bblib, uni Dorimiy asarlarining durdonasi, javohiri, deb atashadi. U haqli ravishda \u201cOlti sahih\u201dning biri deb ham yuritiladi [6].<\/span><\/p>\n

Abu Fazl Muhammad ibn Tohir Maqdisiy (448\/1056-508\/1114) \u201cAtroful kutubis sitta\u201d kitobida Imom ibn Mojaning \u201cSunan\u201didagi hadislar besh \u201cSahih\u201ddagilardan 1339 taga ziyodaligini hisobga olib, Imom ibn Mojani oltinchi o\u02bbringa qo\u02bbygan. Keyingi ba\u02bczi ulamolar ham shun\u00adga ergashgan. Lekin Shayx Salohiddin A\u02bcloiy aytadi: \u201cImom Dorimiyning \u201cMusnad\u201dini Ibn Moja \u201cSunani\u201d o\u02bbrniga qo\u02bbyilsa, eng ma\u02bcqul ish bo\u02bblur edi\u201d. Shayx Abulhaq Dehlaviy (1551-1642) shu fikrni hujjat bilan isbotlab: \u201cBa\u02bczi ulamolar fikr yuritib, Imom Dorimiyning \u201cSunani\u201d oltinchi sahih kitob bo\u02bblishi afzalroqligini, chunki undagi rivoyatlar isnodida zaif kishilar ozligi, inkor qilingan so\u02bbzlar kamyobligi, isnodlarning ishonchliligi va hatto sulosiy (sanadi uch roviyli) hadislari Imom Buxoriyning \u201cSahih\u201didagilardan ko\u02bbproq ekanini aytadi\u201d, deb ta\u02bckidlaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Dorimiyning \u201cMusnadi\u201d musulmon kishining shaxsiy va ijtimoiy hayotida uchraydigan deyarli barcha holat (masala)larni o\u02bbz ichiga olgan keng qamrovli asardir. Olimlar \u201cSunan\u201dning nomlanishiga turlicha munosabat bildirgan. Hofiz Iroqiy va Imom Zahabiy asardagi barcha hadislar mukammal isnod bilan berilgani uchun \u2013 \u201cMusnad\u201d, Alouddin Mug\u02bbultoiy hadislarning ishonchliligi darajasidan kelib chiqqan holda \u2013 \u201cSahih\u201d, Ibn Hajar Asqaloniy va Suyutiy kabi ulamolar fiqhiy hadislar to\u02bbplami bo\u02bblgani bois \u2013 \u201cSunan\u201d deb ataydi. Biroq ayrim tadqiqotchilar muallif o\u02bbz asarini umumiy nom bilan ataganini taxmin qiladi [2:14].<\/span><\/p>\n

Kitob fiqhiy boblarga bo\u02bblib yozilgani, to\u02bbplamda turli (marfu\u02bc, mavquf, maqtu\u02bc) hadislar mavjudligini e\u02bctiborga olib, uni \u201cSunan\u201d deb atash tarafdori bo\u02bblgan ulamolar ko\u02bbpchilikni tashkil etadi. Shunday bo\u02bblsa-da, asarga berilgan barcha nomlar haqli ravishda uning mazmun-mohiyatidan kelib chiqib qo\u02bbyilganini ta\u02bckidlash kerak.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Dorimiyning \u201cSunan\u201dida Qur\u02bconi karimning 51 surasidagi ba\u02bczi oyatlar hadislar orqali sharhlangani allomaning yetuk mufassir ham bo\u02bblganidan dalolat beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Asarda bo\u02bblim va boblarning fiqhiy tartibda berilishi va fiqhga oid hadislar ko\u02bbpligi muallifning faqihlik salohiyati yuksak darajada ekanini ko\u02bbrsatadi. Imom Dorimiy hadislardan hukm olishda e\u02bctiborga loyiq shar\u02bciy masalalarni puxta o\u02bbrganib, ularni fiqhiy mavzusiga ko\u02bbra tegishli boblarga joylashtirgan. Fiqhiy masalalarni yechishda hanafiy mazhabiga ergashgan holda, Qur\u02bcon oyatlari, hadislar, sahoba va tobeinlarning fikrlarini keltirish bilan asosli hukm chiqarish joizligini ko\u02bbrsatib bergan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Dorimiyning \u201cSunani\u201d boblarga nom berish, bahs-munozarali hadislar bo\u02bbyicha izoh yozish va o\u02bbz fikrlarini qayd etish usuli, shuningdek, boshqa sahih to\u02bbplamlarda uchramaydigan hadislar rivoyat qilingani, roviylar silsilasining qisqaligi bilan alohida ajralib turadi. E\u02bctiborga molik yana bir jihati unda o\u02bbn beshga yaqin sulosiy (sanadi uch roviyli) hadis mavjudligidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vaqt o\u02bbtishi bilan bu asar \u201cSunani Dorimiy\u201d o\u02bblaroq tanilib, aynan shu nom bilan hozirga qadar yetib kelgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Dorimiyning \u201cSunan\u201d asari ko\u02bbplab ulamolar tomonidan tadqiq qilinib, nashr etilgan. Xususan, \u201cSunan\u201dning 1407\/1987-yilda Favoz Ahmad Zumariy va Xolid Sab\u02bca A\u02bclamiy tomonidan Bayrutdagi \u201cDorul kitob arabiy\u201d matbaasida chop etilgan zamonaviy nashr nusxasida hadislar, boblar va kitoblarga raqamlar qo\u02bbyilib, mundarija ishlab chiqilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ushbu nusxa ikki jilddan iborat bo\u02bblib, birinchisida arablarning islomdan avvalgi ba\u02bczi odatlari, Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallamning siyratlari, hadislarning yozilish davri va ilm fazilati haqida so\u02bbz yuritilgan muqaddima, keyin ibodat, tahorat, namoz, zakot kitoblari keltirilgan. Ikkinchi jildi ro\u02bbza, ibodat, qurbonlik, ov, yeguliklar, ichimliklar, tushlar, nikoh, taloq, jazolar, va\u02bcdalar va qasamlar, xun, jihod, savdo, izn so\u02bbrash, meros huquqi, vasiyatlar, Qur\u02bcon fazilatlari haqidagi kitoblarga bo\u02bblingan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Asar 3503 hadisni o\u02bbz ichiga olgan bo\u02bblib, jami 23 kitob, 1374 bobdan tashkil topgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSunani Dorimiy\u201dning eng mukammal sharh va tadqiqi Sayyid Abu Osim Nabil ibn Ibrohim ibn Hoshim G\u02bbumariy yozgan \u201cFathul Mannon Musnadil jomi\u02bc\u201d asaridir. Ushbu sharhda har bir hadis raqamlangan, sanadi va matni tadqiq qilingan bo\u02bblib, mundarija tuzilgan. Shuningdek, roviylarning darajalari bayon qilingan, har bir hadisning taxriji keltirilgan. Asar o\u02bbn jilddan iborat, Makka kutubxonasi huzuridagi \u201cBashoirul islomiya\u201d nashriyoti tomonidan 1999-yilda nashr etilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hadislarni to\u02bbplam holiga keltirish deyarli o\u02bbz yakuniga yetgandan keyin rivoyatlarni o\u02bbquvchiga yanada mukammalroq yetkazish uchun sharhlar bitilgan bo\u02bblsa, o\u02bbrganishni yengilroq qilish maqsadida \u201cSaylanma\u201d, \u201cMuxtasar\u201d, \u201cSulosiyot\u201d uslubida mashhur hadis to\u02bbplamlarini alohida, hajmi kichraytirilgan kitob shakliga keltirilish ham keng tarqaldi. Shu tariqa Imom Dorimiyning shoh asaridan ham jamiyatda juda dolzarb bo\u02bblgan hadislar ajratib olinib, katta-kichik hajmda saylanma kitoblar tuzilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ushbu xayrli ishlarning davomi o\u02bblaroq va kitobdan foydalanishni yengillatish maqsadida Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi ilmiy xodimlari Imom Dorimiyning \u201cSunan\u201didan bugungi kunda eng dolzarb bo\u02bblgan hadislarni saralab olib, o\u02bbzbek tiliga tarjima qildi. Bunda yuqorida keltirilgan ikki asar asos qilib olindi. O\u02bbquvchi oson tushunishiga alohida e\u02bctibor qaratildi \u2013 zarur o\u02bbrinlarda izohlar berildi. Saylanmaga jami 946 ta hadis kiritildi. Jumladan, ijtimoiy-axloqiy ko\u02bbrsatmalar, shar\u02bciy masalalarda ilmsizlik va johillik bilan fatvo bermaslik, shariat ilmini egallagan kishilar fatvo masalasida juda ehtiyot bo\u02bblishga chaqirilgani to\u02bbg\u02bbrisidagi hadislar o\u02bbrin olgan. Shuningdek, saylanmada mo\u02bbmin kishi o\u02bbzi uchun lozim bo\u02bblgan shar\u02bciy masalalar yechimini qanday hal qilishiga oid ko\u02bbrsatmalar bor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Masalan, Qosimdan rivoyat qilinadi: \u201cKishi Alloh taoloning haqqini bilganidan keyin johil (ilmsiz) holda yashashi uning uchun bilmagan narsasini gapirishdan ko\u02bbra yaxshiroqdir\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ma\u02bclumki, Qur\u02bconi karim oyatlari va hadislarda oddiy insonning aqli ilg\u02bbamaydigan ma\u02bcnolar bor. Shu bois islom ta\u02bclimotida tafsir va hadis ilmlarini chuqur o\u02bbzlashtirmay turib, aqidaviy va fiqhiy masalalarda fatvo berishdan ehtiyot bo\u02bblish zarurligi alohida ta\u02bckidlanadi. Bunday oyatlarni ulamolar jamoatisiz, o\u02bbzicha tafsir qilib, fatvo beradigan kimsalardan uzoq bo\u02bblish buyuriladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Saylanmada buning yana bir tasdig\u02bbini ko\u02bbrish mumkin:<\/span><\/p>\n

Oishadan rivoyat qilinadi: \u201cRasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam \u201cU Sizga Kitob nozil qilgan Zotdirki, u <\/strong>(Kitobdan) shu Kitobning asli \u2013 mohiyati bo\u02bblgan muhkam \u2013 aniq-ravshan oyatlar ham va boshqa <\/strong>(qiyomat, jannat, do\u02bbzax va hokazo haqidagi) mutashobih \u2013 tushunish qiyin bo\u02bblgan oyatlar ham <\/strong>(o\u02bbrin olgandir)\u201d <\/strong>[5] oyatini tilovat qilib: \u201cQur\u02bcondagi mutashobih oyatlarga ergashadigan toifani ko\u02bbrsangiz, ulardan ehtiyot bo\u02bbling\u201d<\/em><\/strong>, dedilar\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shar\u02bciy masalalarda fatvo berish uchun faqat ilmning o\u02bbzi yetarli emas, balki fatvo beruvchi kishi Qur\u02bcon va sunnatni mukammal bilishi bilan bir qatorda, ibodat, taqvo va zuhdda ham peshvo bo\u02bblishi kerak.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abu Salama so\u02bbzlab berdi: \u201cNabiy sollallohu alayhi vasallamdan Kitob (Qur\u02bcon) va sunnatda bo\u02bblmagan, yangi paydo bo\u02bbladigan ish(lar \u2013 bid\u02bcat) haqida so\u02bbraldi. U zot: \u201cU ish<\/em><\/strong>(lar)haqida mo\u02bbminlarning eng ibodatli bo\u02bblgani fikr yuritadi<\/em><\/strong> (hukm chiqaradi)\u201d,<\/strong> dedilar\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Boshqa hadisda mo\u02bbmin kishi shar\u02bciy masalalarda qanday yo\u02bbl tutishi lozimligiga ishora qilinib, ulamolarga ergashish kerakligi haqidagi oyat keltiriladi:<\/span><\/p>\n

Atodan rivoyat qilinadi: \u201cAllohga, Rasulga va o\u02bbzlaringizdan bo\u02bblgan ish egalariga itoat etingiz!\u201d <\/strong>[4] oyatidagi \u201cish egalari\u201d iborasi \u201cIlm va fiqh egalari\u201d, deb, \u201cRasulga itoat etish\u201d iborasi \u201cKitob va sunnatga ergashish\u201d, deb tafsir qilinadi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ilm olish yillar davomida mashaqqatlarga bardosh berishni talab qiladi. Saylanmada tolibi ilmga bu yo\u02bblda azmu qarorini mustahkam qilmoq va barcha qiyinchiliklarni sabr bilan yengib o\u02bbtmoq buyuriladi:<\/span><\/p>\n

Abdulloh ibn Abdurahmon Qushayriydan rivoyat qilinadi: \u201cPayg\u02bbambar Dovud alayhissalom: \u201cIlm sohibiga temirdan bo\u02bblgan aso <\/em><\/strong>(hassa) va temirdan bo\u02bblgan oyoq kiyim olishni va asosi sinib, oyoq kiyimi teshilguncha ilm talab qilishni ayt\u201d<\/em>, <\/strong>degan\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shuningdek, Imom Dorimiyning \u201cSunan\u201dida ilm olish va boshqalarga o\u02bbrgatishning fazilati bayon etilib, ilm talab qilish ikki dunyo saodati ekani uqtiriladi:<\/span><\/p>\n

Abu Hurayradan rivoyat qilinadi: \u201cRasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam: \u201cQaysi kishi ilm talab qilgan holda yo\u02bbl yursa, o\u02bbsha ishi sababli Alloh unga jannat yo\u02bblini yengil qilib qo\u02bbyadi. Amali sustlashtirgan kishini nasabi tezlashtira olmaydi\u201d<\/em><\/strong> (ya\u02bcni, kishining solih amallari bo\u02bblmasa, yuqori nasl-nasabi uni jannatga kirita olmaydi), <\/strong>dedilar\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abdulloh ibn Amrdan rivoyat qilinadi: \u201cRasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam masjidda suhbat qilib o\u02bbtirgan ikki jamoa yonidan o\u02bbtdilar. So\u02bbng u zot: \u201cUlarning ikkisi ham yaxshilik ustidadir. Lekin ularning biri ikkinchisidan afzalroq. Anavilar Alloh taologa duo qilib, Unga rag\u02bbbat qilmoqda. Xohlasa, ularga <\/em><\/strong>(so\u02bbraganlarini) beradi, xohlamasa, bermaydi. Ammo anavi davradagilar fiqh va boshqa ilmlarni o\u02bbrganib, ilmsiz odamlarga o\u02bbrgatmoqda. Shuning uchun ular afzalroqdir. Albatta, men o\u02bbrgatuvchi qilib yuborilganman\u201d<\/em><\/strong>, dedilar va ular orasiga borib o\u02bbtirdilar\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ulamolar borida ularning qadriga yetish lozimligi, aks holda, e\u02bctiborsizlikning oqibati ayanchli bo\u02bblishi mumkinligi to\u02bbg\u02bbrisidagi hadislar hech bir davrda dolzarbligi va ahamiyatini yo\u02bbqotmaydi:<\/span><\/p>\n

Abdulloh ibn Amrdan rivoyat qilinadi: \u201cRasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam: \u201cAlloh taolo ilmni insonlardan tortib olib qo\u02bbymaydi, ilmning olinishi ulamolarni vafot ettirish bilan bo\u02bbladi. Birorta ham olim qolmagach, odamlar o\u02bbziga johillarni rahbar qilib oladi. So\u02bbng ularga savol berilsa, ilmsiz<\/em><\/strong>(lik bilan)fatvo berib,<\/em><\/strong>(o\u02bbzi)adashadi va<\/em><\/strong>(boshqalarni ham) adashtiradi\u201d<\/em><\/strong>, dedilar\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Dorimiy olimlar Alloh taoloning suygan bandalari ekani, shu bilan birga, ular zimmasida ulkan mas\u02bculiyat borligini, ya\u02bcni ilm talab qilish va yoyishda bardavom bo\u02bblishi zarurligini bayon qiladi:<\/span><\/p>\n

Muoviyadan rivoyat qilinadi: \u201cMen Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallamning: \u201cAlloh kimga yaxshilikni iroda qilsa, uni dinda faqih qilib qo\u02bbyadi\u201d<\/em><\/strong>, deb aytayotganlarini eshitdim\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tovusdan rivoyat qilinadi: \u201cEy Allohning Rasuli sollallohu alayhi vasallam! Eng ilmli inson kim?\u201d deb so\u02bbraldi. U zot: \u201cO\u02bbz ilmiga qo\u02bbshib, insonlarning ilmini ham egallagan kishi va ilmga chanqoq barcha tolibi ilm\u201d<\/em><\/strong>, dedilar\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ta\u02bckidlanganidek, saylanmaga aqidaga oid hadislar ham kiritilgan bo\u02bblib, Rasuli Akram sollallohu alayhi vasallamning inson o\u02bbz taqdirida bitilgan narsadan qochib qutula olmasligi, uning achchiq sinovlariga bardoshli bo\u02bblishi kerakligi to\u02bbg\u02bbrisidagi so\u02bbzlari kiritilgan:<\/span><\/p>\n

Makhul so\u02bbzlab berdi: \u201cNabiy sollallohu alayhi vasallam: \u201cBiringizga biror musibat yetsa, mening <\/em><\/strong>(vafotim) sababli unga yetadigan musibatni esga olsin. Chunki, u eng katta musibatdir\u201d<\/em><\/strong>, dedilar\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Payg\u02bbambarimiz sollallohu alayhi vasallam ayollar, xotin-qizlar jamiyatning muhim qatlami ekaniga alohida urg\u02bbu berib, xayrli ishlarda ularni chetda turmaslikka chaqiradilar:<\/span><\/p>\n

Amr ibn Muoz momosi Havvodan rivoyat qiladi: \u201cRasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam: \u201cEy muslima ayollar, hech biringiz qo\u02bbshni ayolga qo\u02bbyning kuydirilgan tuyog\u02bbi bilan bo\u02bblsa ham yaxshilik qilishni past sanamasin\u201d<\/em><\/strong>, dedilar\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bayon etilganlardan ma\u02bclum bo\u02bbladiki, Imom Dorimiy o\u02bbz zamonasining hadis, fiqh va aqida ilmlari sohasida faoliyat ko\u02bbrsatgan eng mashhur va maqbul olimlaridan bo\u02bblgan. Binobarin, uning hayoti va ilmiy-ma\u02bcnaviy merosini chuqur o\u02bbrganib, keng afkor ommaga yetkazish olimlarimiz oldida turgan dolzarb vazifalardan bo\u02bblib qolaveradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR:<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    Abdulloh ibn Abdurahmon Dorimiy. Sunani Dorimiy. Muhammad Abdulaziz Xolidiy tadqiqi. Dorul kutubil ilmiya. \u2013 Bayrut: 1996.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    Alimova M. Imom Dorimiy. \u2013 T.: TIU, 2009.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    Imom Dorimiy. Sunani Dorimiy. \u2013Samarqand: Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi, 2023.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    Niso surasi, 59-oyat.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  5. \n
    Oli Imron surasi, 7-oyat.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  6. \n
    Shayx Muhammad Sodiq Muhammad Yusuf. Hadis va hayot. 1-juz. \u2013 T.: Sharq, 2008.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    OTABEK MUHAMMADIYEV,<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
    Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy tadqiqot markazi direktor o\u02bbrinbosari, <\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
    tarix fanlari bo\u02bbyicha falsafa doktori (PhD), katta ilmiy xodim<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Bugungi kunda inson ruhiy-ma\u02bcnaviy kamolotining ilmiy manbai bo\u02bblgan hadisshunoslik faniga qiziqish tobora ortmoqda. Bunda keyingi yillarda islom ilmlarining oltin davrida yashab ijod qilgan allomalar merosini o\u02bbrganishga keng yo\u02bbl ochilgani muhim omil bo\u02bblmoqda. Shu bois bo\u02bblsa kerak, xalqimizning hozirgi taraqqiyot bosqichida o\u02bbsha davr allomalarining asarlarida nozik nuqtalar bilan ifodalangan durdonalarni o\u02bbrganish tadqiqotchilarning muhim vazifalaridan biriga aylandi. …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":39547,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[650],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nIMOM DORIMIYNING MOVAROUNNAHR HADIS ILMI RIVOJIDA TUTGAN O\u02bbRNI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=39546&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"IMOM DORIMIYNING MOVAROUNNAHR HADIS ILMI RIVOJIDA TUTGAN O\u02bbRNI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Bugungi kunda inson ruhiy-ma\u02bcnaviy kamolotining ilmiy manbai bo\u02bblgan hadisshunoslik faniga qiziqish tobora ortmoqda. Bunda keyingi yillarda islom ilmlarining oltin davrida yashab ijod qilgan allomalar merosini o\u02bbrganishga keng yo\u02bbl ochilgani muhim omil bo\u02bblmoqda. 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