{"id":38179,"date":"2024-10-18T16:26:30","date_gmt":"2024-10-18T11:26:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=38179"},"modified":"2024-10-18T16:27:19","modified_gmt":"2024-10-18T11:27:19","slug":"samarqand-mutolaasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=38179&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"SAMARQAND MUTOLAASI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Etyud<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ko\u02bbpchilik san\u02bcat asari bilan tanishishdan oldin, uning muqaddimasiga duch kelasiz. Muqaddima har xil shaklda bo\u02bblishi mumkin: masalan, spektaklda prolog, operada uvertyura, ayrim kitoblarda so\u02bbz boshi deb atalishi mumkin, lekin qayerda qanday nom olishidan qat\u02bci nazar, uning vazifasi \u2013 sizni o\u02bbsha san\u02bcat asari ruhiga olib kirish, sizni o\u02bbsha san\u02bcat asari bilan muloqotda bo\u02bblishga tayyorlashdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

O\u02bbzbek xalqi minglab yillar davomida yaratgan va hamon yaratayotgan, saykal bergan va berayotgan, faqat o\u02bbzininggina emas, butun odamzodning nodir mulkiga aylantirgan bir shoh asar bor dunyoda. Bu shoh asar Samarqand deb ataladi. Hamma yirik, murakkab san\u02bcat asarlari kabi Samarqandning ham muqaddimasi bor. Ayrim hollarda ba\u02bczi kitoblarning muqaddimasini o\u02bbqimay, tashlab ketish mumkin, lekin Samarqandni muqaddimasiz o\u02bbqish mumkin emas. Buning iloji yo\u02bbq.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu ulug\u02bb, tabarruk shaharga uning qaysm darvozasidan kirib bormang, yo\u02bblingiz oyog\u02bbingiz ostiga to\u02bbshalib yotgan, sohiblaridek bag\u02bbri keng tepaliklar ustidan o\u02bbtadi. Bu tepaliklarga yetishingiz bilan kulayotgan bo\u02bblsangiz \u2013\u00a0 kulgidan, gaplashayotgan bo\u02bblsangiz \u2013 suhbatdan, qo\u02bbshiq aytayotgan bo\u02bblsangiz \u2013\u00a0 kuylashdan to\u02bbxtaysiz. O\u02bbyga tolasiz. Chuqur o\u02bbyga.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ne-ne asrlarni ko\u02bbrgan, ularning qancha-qanchasini bag\u02bbriga bekitib olgan bu ko\u02bbhna dunyoning o\u02bbzidek qadim tuproq atrofida bo\u02bblayotgan voqealarga bepisand, miyig\u02bbida kulgancha qarab yotgan bo\u02bblib tuyulsa-da, sizga unsiz nimalarnidir gapirib beradi, nimalardandir ogohlantiradi, aft-angoringizni, kiyim-boshingizni ko\u02bbzdan kechirib chiqishga da\u02bcvat etadi, yuragingizga allaqanday g\u02bbulu, hayajon soladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ana shunday g\u02bbalati, ismsiz tuyg\u02bbular og\u02bbushida, bir oz hayajonlangan, bir oz hovliqqan, bir oz cho\u02bbchigan holda kirib borasiz buyuk shaharga.<\/span><\/p>\n

Siz, balki birinchi marta olayotgandirsiz bu asarni qo\u02bblga \u2013 birinchi marta borayotgandirsiz bu go\u02bbzal shaharga. Men esa, o\u02bbttiz yoshim mobaynida ko\u02bbp marta ziyorat qilganman uni va har gal uning ostonasida, yuqorida aytganim holga tushganman.<\/span><\/p>\n

Men Samarqandni minglab marta qo\u02bblga olganman, lekin uning o\u02bbzi tugab bitmagani kabi, men ham uni o\u02bbqib tugatolganim yo\u02bbq. Har gal uni qo\u02bblga olar ekanman, uning satrlari orasida mastu lol adashib yurar ekanman, taassurotlarim vujudimga sig\u02bbmaydi, tashqariga otiladi, qayoqlargadir sudrab ketadi, kimlargadir toshib-toshib so\u02bbzlab bergim keladi. Har gal shunday qilaman ham: tanishmi, notanishmi \u2013 duch kelgan odam bilan o\u02bbrtoqlashaman taassurotlarimni. Zero, Samarqand \u2013 bir kishining vujudiga sig\u02bbib ketadigan asar emas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Men yaqinda yana qo\u02bblga oldim uni. Garchi, san\u02bcat asari birov hikoya qilib berganida juda ko\u02bbp fazilatlarini yo\u02bbqotsa ham, keling, mening xotiram sahifalari orqali jilla bo\u02bblsa ham bahramand bo\u02bbling uning nash\u02bcu namosidan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samarqand yaqinda ikkita katta ma\u02bcraka guvohi bo\u02bbldi. Men Samarqandning yubileyi hamda \u201cSharq taronalari\u201d xalqaro musiqa festvalini aytyapman. Ha, Samarqandda oltin to\u02bby bo\u02bbldi. 2750-yil! Kim biladi, ba\u02bczi ovozalarga qaraganda u ancha keksa emish, uch yarim ming yildan ham oshar emish yoshi, lekin u o\u02bbzining keksaligini tan olgisi kelmagandir-da. Odam ham shunaqa bo\u02bbladi-ku, bolaligida yoshini katta qilib, keksaya borgan sari esa, o\u02bbzini yosh qilib ko\u02bbrsatgisi keladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samarqandni insoniyatning nodir mulki degan edik. Bu ta\u02bcrifdan mubolag\u02bba qidirganlarning mehnati zoye ketadi, albatta. Nega desangiz, Samarqandning o\u02bbzigina tanho emas olamda, uning juda ko\u02bbp sifatlari ham tanho. Olamni kezgan bir sayyohning Bibixonim madrasasi gumbaziga bergan ta\u02bcrifi esingizdadir? \u201cAgar osmon uni takrorlamaganida edi, bu gumbaz olamda tanholigicha qolardi\u201d degan edi u. Samarqandda bunaqa \u201colamda tanholigicha\u201d qolishi mumkin bo\u02bblgan antiqa narsalar faqat Bibixonim madrasasigina emas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samarqand hozirgi ko\u02bbpgina egizak shaharlarning biri emas, uning hech bir shahar takrorlay olmaydigan o\u02bbziga xos qiyofasi bor. Bu qiyofasini qanday qilib ko\u02bbrsa bo\u02bbladi deysizmi? Marhamat, anchagina yuzaki bo\u02bblsa ham, mening xizmatimdan foydalanishingiz mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Avvalo, bu shaharni dunyoga tanitgan joylarni ko\u02bbraylik, Bulardan biri \u2013\u00a0 Ulug\u02bbbek rasadxonasi. Aslida, rasadxona deyish, ancha nisbiy gap. Chunki, o\u02bbrta asrdayoq koinotni qo\u02bbliga olib uning jumboqlarini yechgan va uni \u201cZichi Ko\u02bbragoniy\u201dga joylashtirgan Ulug\u02bbbekning muqaddas laboratoriyasi, buyuk olimning o\u02bbzi kabi, ma\u02bcrifat dushmanlarining qurboni bo\u02bblgan. Bu laboratoriyadagi muhim asboblardan biri bo\u02bblgan sekstantning bir bo\u02bblagigina \u2013 u ham, balki yerning tagida bo\u02bblgani uchundir \u2013 bizgacha saqlanib qolgan. Pastlikdan halqasimon bo\u02bblib yuqoriga ko\u02bbtarilgan va tuproq devorlari aro turgan sekstantning shakli \u2013 keyinchalik ko\u02bbmilib ketgan bobolarimizning tafakkuri parvozini zslatadi kishiga.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sekstantning parvozi uzilgan joyda uni tuproq qa\u02bcridan qidirib topgan tabarruk odam \u2013 mashhur arxeolog Vyatkinning qabri bor. Avval sekstantga, keyin qabrga termilarkan, beixtiyor katta xazina bekitilgan g\u02bbor og\u02bbzida uni qo\u02bbriqlab yotgan ajdaho haqidagi afsonani eslaydi kishi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rasadxona ziyoratidan so\u02bbng Ulug\u02bbbek muzeyiga kirasiz. Muzeyda xilma-xil nodir ashyolar orasida Ulug\u02bbbekning G\u02bbarb rassomi chizgan suratini ko\u02bbrib, kulgingiz qistar, balki. Nega desangiz, Ulug\u02bbbek o\u02bbrta asr G\u02bbarb kishilari kiyadigan kiyimda, soch qo\u02bbygan, shop mo\u02bbylovli qilib tasvirlangan. Sharq ma-daniyati haqida zarracha tasavvurga ega bo\u02bblmagan G\u02bbarb rassomini buning uchun ayblab bo\u02bblarmidi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lekin muzeydan chiqishingiz bilan nazaringiz zamonamiz haykaltaroshlari tomonidan yaratilgan Ulug\u02bbbekning ulkan qaddiga tushadi. O\u02bbz qo\u02bbrig\u02bbi \u2013 osmonga bo\u02bby cho\u02bbzgan olim chuqur tafakkurda. Haykal yonidagi devordan olimning o\u02bbylarini o\u02bbqiysiz: \u201cShohliklar yemiriladi, din tumanday to\u02bbzg\u02bbib ketadi, faqat ilmgina mangu qoladi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nodir ziyoratgohlardan yana biri \u2013 haliyam o\u02bbzini to\u02bbla ko\u02bbrsatgisi kelmayotgan Afrosiyob ham, Shohizinda ansambli ham uning odamni asrlar aro adashtirib ketadigan zinalari ham, Registon maydoniga ko\u02bbrk bo\u02bblib, bir-biri bilan muloqotga ketgan Ulug\u02bbbek, Tillakori, Sherdor madrasalari ham, bu madrasalarni birlashtirib turtan hovli sahniga terilgan toshlar ham, jahondagi sanoqli buyuklardan bo\u02bblgan Amir Temur va Mirzo Ulug\u02bbbekka so\u02bbnggi maskan bo\u02bblgan Go\u02bbri amir maqbarasi ham Samarqandning ko\u02bbrki, uning qiyofasidagi bu shaharni olamga mashhur qilgan, \u201cSamarqand sayqali ro\u02bbyi zamin ast\u201d (\u201cSamarqand yer yuzining sayqalidir\u201d) misrasining bunyodga kelishiga omil bo\u02bblgan nuqtalardir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Odamlar bir-birlaridan aft-angori bilan emas, xulq-atvori bilan ham farq qiladi. Samarqand \u2013 odamlar tafakkuri va qo\u02bbli bilan yaratilgan san\u02bcat asari ekan, u muallifining xislatlarini olmasligi ham mumkin emas edi. Aytmoqchimanki, Samarqand fe\u02bcl-atvori, xulqi, odobi, qiliqlari bilan ham boshqa shaharlarga o\u02bbxshamaydi, uning hamma narsasi faqat o\u02bbzigagina xos.<\/span><\/p>\n

Avvalo, Samarqand juda bahavo shahar. Unga shundoqqina etagidan oqib o\u02bbtayotgan Zarafshonning, Siyobning, Darg\u02bbomning epkini, atrofini qurshab olgan bog\u02bblarning bo\u02bbyi urib turadi. Buning ustiga u judayam sokin shahar. Ixchamligi uchunmi, yuk transportining shahar chetidan qatnashi uchunmi, har kalay, bog\u02bblarida, xiyobonlarida shovqin yo\u02bbq.<\/span><\/p>\n

Keling, Samarqandning yagona, takrorlanmas xislatlaridan yana bir nechtasini aytib beray.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samarqand \u2013 O\u02bbzbekistonimizning barcha shaharlari kabi ko\u02bbp millatli shahar. Lekin uning tub aholisi o\u02bbzbeklardir. Shunisi qiziqki, ular tojik tilida gaplashishadi. Bu, albatta, Samarqandning uzoq davr poygaxt bo\u02bblgani, o\u02bbsha davrda davlat ishlari fors tilida olib borilganidan bo\u02bblsa kerak. Aholi bu tilni o\u02bbrganishga istasa-istamasa majbur bo\u02bblgan, yillar o\u02bbtishi natijasida bu til bir oz o\u02bbzgargan holda o\u02bbrda tilidan keng iste\u02bcmol tiliga aylangan bo\u02bblishi mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samarqand nonining dovrug\u02bbini eshitgan bo\u02bblsangiz kerak. Bu nonning ta\u02bcmi ham, ko\u02bbrinishi ham boshqa hech qayerda uchramaydi. Bu haqda rivoyat ham bor emish, Buxoro hukmdori Samarqandning mashhur novvoyini o\u02bbz shahriga olib ketib non yoptiripti. Ammo, non Samarqandnikiday bo\u02bblmapti. Keyin Samarqanddan un, suv, tuz va hattoki o\u02bbtin ham olib borishipti. Ammo, non yana Samarqandnikiday bo\u02bblmapti. Hukmdor hayron bo\u02bblipti: \u201cYana nima yetishmaydi?\u201d so\u02bbrapti u. Novvoy javob beripti: \u201cSamarqandning havosi yetishmaydi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samarqand aholisi kechqurun sayrga chiqadigan asosiy ko\u02bbcha dohiy Lenin nomi bilan ataladi. Ikki tomoni magazinlar bilan o\u02bbralgan bu ko\u02bbchada yakkita restoran va bir kinoteatr joylashgan. Odamlarning aksariyati kechqurun bog\u02bblarda emas, shu ko\u02bbchada sayr qiladi. Agar siz kimnidir ko\u02bbrmoqchi bo\u02bblsangiz, kechqurun Lenin ko\u02bbchasiga chiqavering, albatta, topib olasiz uni.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samarqandda bir an\u02bcana bor. Oblast dehqonlari paxtani yig\u02bbib-terib bo\u02bblgach, bir oy davomida shaharda sayil o\u02bbtkazishadi. Opera teatrida har kuni qaysidir bir rayonning \u201ckuni\u201d o\u02bbtkaziladi. Teatr maydoniga har xil magazinlar eng noyob mollarni olib chiqishadi, shaharning eng nozikta\u02bcb oshpazlari xar xil taomlar tayyorlashadi. Shahar ahli qishloq ahliga o\u02bbz minnatdorligini ana shunday izhor qiladi. Maydonga odam sig\u02bbmay ketadi, o\u02bbyin-kulgi, tomosha avjiga chiqadi. Sayil kechqurun opera teatri binosida qo\u02bbyilgan konsert yoki spektakl bilan tugaydi. Oynaband mashinalar karvoni qishloqqa qarab yo\u02bbl oladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samarqandning bulardan boshqa ham takrorlanmas xislatlari ko\u02bbp. Uning fan shahri, madaniyat shahri, oliy o\u02bbquv yurtlari shahri ekanligini aytib o\u02bbtirmasa ham bo\u02bbladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bilasizki, to\u02bby qilgan odam hovlisini orasta qiladi, uni odam kirsa huzur qiladigan maskanga aylantiradi, egniga yangi, asrab qo\u02bbygan kiyimlarini kiyadi. Xullas, to\u02bbyxona to\u02bbyxonaga o\u02bbxshagan bo\u02bbladi. Samarqand ham to\u02bby bahonasi bilan o\u02bbziga ancha zeb berdi. Shaharda tarixiy obidalar bilan uyg\u02bbunlashib ketgan binolar qad ko\u02bbtardi, yangi-yangi sayilgoh, xiyobonlar bunyod bo\u02bbldi. Opera teatri, oblast partiya komiteti binosi, \u201cSamarqand\u201d mehmonxonasi, \u201cYubiley\u201d restorani va choyxona shahar husniga husn bo\u02bblib tushdi. Teatr maydonining eng salqin sayilgoh \u2013 Maksim Gorkiy bulvari bilan qo\u02bbshilib ketgani yonma-yon yurgan ikkita bir-biridan go\u02bbzal qizday mahliyo etadi sizni. Ayniqsa, bu yerdan turib quyoshning chiqishini tomosha qilishdan zavqliroq narsa bo\u02bblmaydi. Tasavvur qilib ko\u02bbring-a: keng maydon, maydon so\u02bbngida oppoq teatr binosi, teatr binosining eng tepasidan Bibixonim madrasasining gumbazi ko\u02bbrinadi. Gumbaz ustida esa hozir oqib ketadigan simobday bo\u02bblib quyosh turibdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Registon maydonida ilgari bir bog\u02bb bo\u02bblardi. Navoiy nomli choyxonani hisobga olmaganda, bu bog\u02bbning diqqatga molik joyi yo\u02bbq edi. Aksincha, uch madrasani to\u02bbsib turardi u. Hozir o\u02bbsha bog\u02bb tugatilib, gulzor qilingan. Yana Navoiy nomli choyxonani (uning yo\u02bbq bo\u02bblishini) hisobga olmaganda, bu gulzor Registon yuziga xol bo\u02bblib tushgan. Buning ustiga, madrasalar endi bemalol ko\u02bbrinib turadi. Bu gulzorning diqqatga sazovor joylaridan yana biri shundaki. undagi ikkita yo\u02bblakning oxirida kaltagina temir ustunlar va bu ustunlarni birlashtirib og\u02bbir zanjir sollanib turibdi. Bu og\u02bbir zanjirlar ham qandaydir darajada devor vazifasini o\u02bbtaydi, ya\u02bcni gulzorga hamma tomondan kirilavermaydi, ham fikrni ro\u02bbparada turgan madrasalarga olib borib bog\u02bblaydi. Shahar qurilishi uchun juda zarur bo\u02bblgan uyg\u02bbunlik shu gulzorda o\u02bbzining juda muvaffaqiyatli ifodasini topgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

…Nihoyat, safar qariydi. Bu shoh asarni to\u02bbla o\u02bbqib chiqolmaganingizdan o\u02bbksib yo\u02bblga chiqasiz. Shaharga kelishingizda muqaddima bo\u02bblgan tepaliklar endi xotima bo\u02bblib, Samarqanddan to\u02bbymay ketayotganingiz uchun sizga achinganday kuzatib qoladi. Orqaga o\u02bbgirilib qaraysiz, yuragingizni bir g\u02bbussa zabt etadi, ayriliq g\u02bbussasi. Lekin bu g\u02bbussani nimadir yoritib turadi. Yorqin xotirot bu, yorqin taassurot. Samarqanddek shoh asarni o\u02bbqigandagina shunday yorqin taassurot qoladi kishida. Bu taassurot qech qachon xiralashmaydi Zotan, Samarqand buyuk bir xalq yaratgan buyuk shoh asardir.<\/span><\/p>\n

18-oktyabr \u2013 Samarqand shahri kuniga bag\u02bbishlanadi<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/strong>Taniqli tarjimon, dramaturg, publitsist va shoir, samarqandlik ijodkor, marhum Mashrab Boboyev ijodidan<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Etyud Ko\u02bbpchilik san\u02bcat asari bilan tanishishdan oldin, uning muqaddimasiga duch kelasiz. Muqaddima har xil shaklda bo\u02bblishi mumkin: masalan, spektaklda prolog, operada uvertyura, ayrim kitoblarda so\u02bbz boshi deb atalishi mumkin, lekin qayerda qanday nom olishidan qat\u02bci nazar, uning vazifasi \u2013 sizni o\u02bbsha san\u02bcat asari ruhiga olib kirish, sizni o\u02bbsha san\u02bcat asari bilan muloqotda bo\u02bblishga tayyorlashdir. O\u02bbzbek …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":38180,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nSAMARQAND MUTOLAASI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"SAMARQAND MUTOLAASI\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=38179&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SAMARQAND MUTOLAASI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"SAMARQAND MUTOLAASI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=38179&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bukharicenter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-10-18T11:26:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-10-18T11:27:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Samarkand181024.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"429\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=38179&lang=oz\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=38179&lang=oz\",\"name\":\"SAMARQAND MUTOLAASI - 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