{"id":36296,"date":"2024-07-10T10:03:35","date_gmt":"2024-07-10T05:03:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=36296"},"modified":"2024-07-10T10:03:35","modified_gmt":"2024-07-10T05:03:35","slug":"xoja-muhammad-porsoning-kalom-ilmiga-qo%ca%bbshgan-hissasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=36296&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"XOJA MUHAMMAD PORSONING KALOM ILMIGA QO\u02bbSHGAN HISSASI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Bugungi kunda Islom dinining asosiy oqimi \u2013 ahli sunna val jamoaning ikki yirik maktabi vakillari \u2013 ash\u02bcariylar va moturidiylar dunyo musulmonlarining aksar qismini tashkil etadi. Bu ikki aqida g\u02bboyalarini keng targ\u02bbib qilishda, ilmiy asoslari bayon qilingan asar yozishda o\u02bbtgan olimlar xizmati beqiyosdir. Zero, ularning fidokorona mehnatisiz ushbu aqida maktablari keng rivojlanmas edi. Xoja Muhammad Porso ana shunday olimlardan biridir. Bu zotning ilmiy faoliyatini yoritishga kirishishdan oldin kalom ilmi tarixi haqida biroz to\u02bbxtalsak.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Kalom ilmi sakkizinchi asrda paydo bo\u02bblgan. Bu asrda islom dini keng yoyilib, turli e\u02bctiqoddagi xalqlarni o\u02bbz tasarrufiga olgan edi. Musulmonlar orasida turli muxolif firqa va mazhablar ham paydo bo\u02bbldi. Ular qo\u02bbzg\u02bbagan bunday bahs-munozaralar ahli sunna aqidasidagi musulmonlarni tashvishga solar, ayrimlar e\u02bctiqodini zaiflashtirar edi. Boz ustiga yunon falsafasi fikrlari ham musulmonlar orasida tarqalgan bo\u02bblib,bu holat mo\u02bbminlar e\u02bctiqodini susaytirishga xizmat qildi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Ana shunday vaziyatda g\u02bboyaviy kurashga chiqqan mutakallimlar muxtalif mazhablarning turli-tuman noto\u02bbg\u02bbri aqidalariga, falsafachilarning safsatalariga javob berish uchun o\u02bbrtaga chiqdi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">\u201cBoshqa dinlar hujumidan Islom aqoidi usulini muhofaza qilish natijasida islom ilmlaridan biri kalom ilmi paydo bo\u02bbldi. Xususan, nasroniylar o\u02bbz maslagini yunon mantig\u02bbi asosida himoya qilishga o\u02bbtib olgan edi\u201d [10:334].<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Mana shu tarzda kalom ilmi vujudga keldi. Kalom ilmida asosan islom ilohiyoti, Alloh taoloning zotu sifatlari, insonning yaratilishi, nubuvvat, oxirat, undagi mukofot va jazo kabi mavzularda bahs qilinadi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Kalom ilmi uch bosqichda rivojlangan. Dastlab, kalom ilmi mu\u02bctaziliya nomi bilan ma\u02bclum bo\u02bblgan edi. Ikkinchi bosqichda bu ilm ash\u02bcariya kalomi va moturidiya kalomi degan nomlar bilan keng yoyildi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Kalom ilmi rivojlanishning uchinchi bosqichida, o\u02bbz yo\u02bbnalishini falsafa bilan aralash tarzda qorishiq bir ilmga aylandi. Ya\u02bcni o\u02bbziga tegishli masalalarni muhokama qilibgina qolmasdan ontologiya, gnoseologiya ilmi muammolari bilan ham mashg\u02bbul bo\u02bbldi. Natijada falsafa fanining raqibiga aylandi. Bu yo\u02bblni Imom Muhammad G\u02bbazzoliy boshlab bergan bo\u02bblsa, keyinchalik Shahristoniy, Fariduddin Balxiy, Faxruddin Roziy, Izzuddin Iyjiy va Imom Taftazoniy kabi olimlar uning yo\u02bblini davom ettirdi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Bu uchinchi bosqichdagi falsafaga qorishgan kalom ilmi o\u02bbzgalar falsafasini fosh etaverishi natijasida o\u02bbz mustaqilligini qo\u02bblga kiritdi\u00a0 va oqibatda haqiqiy islom falsafasi sifatida tanildi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Kalom ilmi hozir ham musulmonlar yashaydigan ayrim mamlakatlarda e\u02bctiborli ilmlar qatorida turadi. O\u02bbtmishda kalom ilmida bahs qilingan mavzular bugun \u201ceski kalom ilmi\u201d nomiga muqobil tarzda tug\u02bbilgan \u201cyangi kalom ilmi\u201d nomidan ko\u02bbrila boshlandi. Bu \u201cyangi kalom ilmi\u201dning o\u02bbz oldiga qo\u02bbygan vazifasini neotomizm oqimi maqsadlariga o\u02bbxshatish mumkin. Zero, bu yangi kalom ham xuddi neotomizm kabi din nuqtayi nazaridan dunyoga boqish falsafasini targ\u02bbib qiladi. Va bu g\u02bboyani mustahkamlash uchun materializmning dialektikasiga muqobil ravishda \u201cyangicha ilmiy aslahalar\u201d bilan qurollanib jangga kirishadi; ilmdagi nodir masalalarga diniy ta\u02bclimot nuqtayi nazaridan izoh berib, ilm va din o\u02bbzaro qarama-qarshi emasligini dalillar bilan isbotlashga\u00a0 harakat qiladi [9].<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Xullas, \u201cKalom ilmi\u201d iborasi Islom aqidasini o\u02bbrganuvchi ilmga berilgan ko\u02bbplab nomlardan biri bo\u02bblib, naqliy va aqliy dalillar orqali\u00a0 sof diniy e\u02bctiqodni o\u02bbrgatadi va \u201caqidani o\u02bbrganish\u201dga zamonaviy ilmiy tilda \u201cteologiya\u201d, ilohiyotshunoslik ham deyiladi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Bugungi kunda ahli sunna val jamoa e\u02bctiqodi bo\u02bbyicha amal qiluvchi musulmonlar ikkita yirik maktab \u2013 ash\u02bcariylar va moturidiylarga ergashgan. Chunki o\u02bbz vaqtida ikki buyuk alloma \u2013 Imom Moturidiy va Imom Ash\u02bcariy mo\u02bbminlar aqidasini ahli bid\u02bcat tashvishidan muhofaza qilgan. Ularning izdoshlari bo\u02bblmish qator olimlar ham keyingi asrlarda samarali faoliyat olib borgan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Jumladan, Imom Boqilloniy (vaf. 1013), Juvayniy (vaf. 1085), Shahristoniy (vaf. 1153), ar-Roziy (vaf. 1209) kabi mutakallimlar ash\u02bcariylik maktabining yirik namoyandalari sanaladi. Ash\u02bcariylar zohiran o\u02bbzini mu\u02bctaziliylarga qarshi qo\u02bbyib, hanbaliylar bilan murosa qilishga intilgan. Shunday bo\u02bblsa-da, dunyoqarashi bo\u02bbyicha mu\u02bctaziliylarning aql-idrokka asoslangan yo\u02bblini davom ettirgan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Kalom ilmining ikkinchi yirik maktabi \u2013 moturidiylik ham mustaqil tarzda taraqqiy etdi. Ash\u02bcariylar maktabi asosan shofe\u02bciylar orasida tarqalgan bo\u02bblsa, moturidiylik hanafiy mazhabi tarqalgan hududlarda ko\u02bbplab tarafdorlarga ega bo\u02bbldi. Xususan, moturidiylik Movarounnahr musulmonlarining asosiy aqidasiga aylandi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">XVIII asrdan kalom ilmi Ibn Sino asos solgan sharq falsafasi bilan yaqinlasha boshladi. Natijada, Ibn Xaldun ta\u02bcbiri bilan aytganda, kalom va falsafani bir-biridan ajratish mushkul bo\u02bblib qoldi. Bu hol Bayzoviy (vaf.1286), Isfahoniy (vaf.1349), Iyjiy (vaf.1355), Taftazoniy (vaf.1390) va Jurjoniy (vaf.1413) singari olimlar ijodida o\u02bbz ifodasini topdi. Xoja Muhammad Porso ham mana shu tarixiy davrda yashab ijod qilgan. Uning ilmiy merosida, xususan, kalom ilmiga oid asarlarida moturidiylik an\u02bcanasi yaqqol ko\u02bbrinib turadi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Kalom ilmiga oid asarlar Xoja Muhammad Porso ijodining asosiy yo\u02bbnalishlaridan biridir. Olim ahli sunna val jamoa vakili o\u02bblaroq moturidiya aqida maktabini rivojlantirish maqsadida \u201cFasl al-xitob\u201d, \u201cRisola fil e\u02bctiqod val amal val axloq\u201d, \u201cE\u02bctiqodot\u201d (\u201cE\u02bctiqod qilinadigan narsalar bo\u02bbyicha risola\u201d) [20], \u201cHaftodu se firqa\u201d (\u201cYetmish uch firqa\u201d) [18], \u201cMuqaddima li jomi\u02bc ul-kalim\u201d [14], \u201cSharhu \u201cFusus al-hikam\u201d [19], \u201cTahqiqot\u201d [15] kabi risolalar yozib qoldirgan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Kalom ilmi va tasavvuf masalalariga bag\u02bbishlangan asari \u2013 \u201cFaslul xitob li-vaslil ahbob\u201d (\u201cDo\u02bbstlarga yetish uchun aniq so\u02bbz\u201d) unga katta shuhrat keltirgan. Bu kitobdan ulamolar tasavvuf va kalom ilmlari bo\u02bbyicha asosiy qo\u02bbllanma sifatida foydalanib keladi. Asarning turli fondlarda saqlanadigan qo\u02bblyozmalari mavjud, toshbosmasi ham bor[16].<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">\u201cFaslul xitob\u201dda islomda bahsli hisoblangan 494 ta masalaga javob berilgan. Jumladan, tasavvuf ta\u02bclimotidagi falsafiy tushunchalar sharhlangan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Xoja Muhammad Porso \u201cFaslul xitob\u201d asarini yozishda kalom va tasavvufga oid manbalarni tahlil qilgan va ularning bir qismini eslatib o\u02bbtadi. Abu Rayhon Beruniy nomidagi Sharqshunoslik instituti xazinasida mazkur asarning bir nechta qo\u02bblyozma nusxalari bor [17].<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Porsoning asosiy asarlaridan yana biri \u201cSharhu \u201cFusus al-hikam\u201d ham fors tilida yozilgan [19]. Asar mashhur mutasavvif Muhyiddin ibn Arabiyning (1165-1240) kalom va tasavvufning nazariy masalalariga bag\u02bbishlangan \u201cFusus al-hikam\u201d nomli asari sharhiga bag\u02bbishlangan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Porsoning tasavvufdagi nazariyalari haqida tadqiqot olib borgan J.Xolmo\u02bbminov quyidagi fikrlarni bayon qilgan:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">\u201cXoja Muhammad Porso butun umr Ibn al-Arabiyning sadoqatli muxlisi va izdoshi, xususan, vahdatul-vujud falsafasining yirik tadqiqotchi \u2013 izohlovchisi bo\u02bblgan ko\u02bbrinadi. Bu haqda Mavlono Jomiy o\u02bbzining \u201cNafahotul uns\u201dida Xoja Muhammad Porsoning o\u02bbg\u02bbli \u2013 Xoja Abunasr Porso zikrida shunday qimmatli ma\u02bclumotni keltiradi: \u201cBir kuni u kishining (Abunasr Porso \u2013 J.X.) majlisi shariflarida Shayx Muhyiddin bin Arabiy \u2013 qaddasallohu ta\u02bcolo sirrahu \u2013 va uning tasniflari haqida so\u02bbz borardi. Volidlaridan (otasi \u2013 Xoja Muhammad Porso \u2013 J.X.) naql qildilarki, u kishi shunday degan ekanlar: \u201cFusus\u201d (Ibn Arabiyning \u201cFusus ul-hikam\u201di \u2013 J.X.) jondir, \u201cFutuhot\u201d (Ibn Arabiyning \u201cFutuhotul Makkiya\u201d asari \u2013 J.X.) esa dil\u201d. Va yana aytar edilarki: \u201cKimki \u201cFusus\u201dni yaxshi bilsa, uning Hazrati Risolat sallallohu alayhi vasallamga bo\u02bblgan tobelik darajasi kuchli bo\u02bblgay. Xoja Muhammad Porso Ibn al-Arabiyning \u201cFusus ul-hikam\u201dini eng sodda va tushunarli tarzda sharhlab bergan sharhlovchilardan biri sanaladi. Shuning o\u02bbzi uning vahdatul vujud falsafasini nechog\u02bblik chuqur va teran anglay olganini ko\u02bbrsatadi [21:20].<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Porsoning yana bir risolasi \u201cHaftodu se firqa\u201d(Yetmish uch firqa) asarida har bir firqaning asosiy da\u02bcvolari qisqacha keltirilgan. Keyin ularga ahli sunnat val jamoa olimlari tomonidan berilgan raddiyalar qisqa va mazmunli qilib yozilgan. Risolaning asl matni va o\u02bbzbek tilidagi tarjimasi bilan yaqinda chop etildi [3].<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">To\u02bbg\u02bbri, asarda nomlari keltirilgan firqalarning hammasi ham mashhur oqimlar emas. Fikrimizcha, muallif Xoja Muhammad Porso o\u02bbziga ma\u02bclum va o\u02bbz zamonasigacha chiqqan firqalar ro\u02bbyxatini, ularning bosh g\u02bboyalarini keltirgan, xolos. Bu yerda tilga olingan firqalar orasida islom ummati olimlari tomonidan yakdil adashgan deya e\u02bctirof qilingan oqimlar ham bor edi. Ularga batafsil izohlar berish, hozirgi davrimizda mavjud bo\u02bblgan firqa va oqimlarning g\u02bboyalari bilan taqqoslash, ularning faoliyatini tahlil qilish esa keyingi tadqiqotlar mavzusidir [2].<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Yana bir asari \u2013 \u201cTahqiqot\u201d bo\u02bblib, unda Xoja Porso tasavvuf va kalomning nozik jihatlarini bayon qilgan [15]. Jumladan, tavhid masalasi, Alloh taoloning ismu sifatlari kabi aqoiddagi tamal mavzulardan bahs qiladi. Masalan, Xoja Muhammad Porso ma\u02bcrifatulloh borasidagi qaydlardan keyin, quyidagi fikrni o\u02bbrtaga tashlaydi:<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'arial black', sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">\u201cAlloh subhanahu kamolot sifatlari bilan sifatlanishini ijmodan bilib, U zotni tanisak, Alloh subhanahuni haqiqiy ma\u02bcrifat ila tanigan bo\u02bblamiz\u201d[15:3].<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Demak, aqida ilmida mo\u02bbmin kishi Alloh taoloning barcha sifatlarini bilmog\u02bbi talab qilinadi. Shundagina banda haqiqiy ma\u02bcrifat sohibi bo\u02bbladi va o\u02bbz Yaratuvchisini taniydi. Bu ma\u02bcrifat ham ikki xil bo\u02bbladi, deb ta\u02bckidlaydi Xoja Porso:<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'arial black', sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u062d\u0642 \u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0632 \u0648 \u062c\u0644 \u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u00a0 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">\u201cKashful mahjub\u201d asarida keltiriladiki, Haq subhanahu azza va jallaning ma\u02bcrifati (u zotni tanish) ikki xil bo\u02bbladi. Biri \u2013 ilmiy, ikkinchisi \u2013 holiy\u201d[15:4].<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Xoja Muhammad Porso ayrim ma\u02bclumotlarni o\u02bbzidan oldin yozilgan manbalardan iqtibos olib keltirsa-da, o\u02bbzining ilmiy xulosalari bilan boyitadi:<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'arial black', sans-serif;\">\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u06c0 \u0647\u0645\u06c0 \u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u062a\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u06c0 \u0627\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062e\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span><\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">\u201cIlm-ma\u02bcrifat dunyo va oxiratning barcha yaxshiliklari uchun qoidadir. Banda uchun eng muhim yaxshilik \u2013 barcha vaqt va hamma holatda Xudoyi subhanahuni tanimog\u02bbidir\u201d[15:4].<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Xullas, \u201cTahqiqot\u201d asarida Porso hazratlari inson Alloh\u00a0 taoloni to\u02bbg\u02bbri tanimog\u02bbi lozimligini uqtiradi va bu bilan u nafaqat bu dunyoda, balki oxiratda ham baxtu saodatli hayot kechirishini ta\u02bckidlaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Porsoning asarlari Markaziy Osiyo xalqlari ijtimoiy-falsafiy merosida o\u02bbziga munosib o\u02bbrinni egallamog\u02bbi lozim. Uning aqida borasidagi asarlari yurtimiz musulmonlari amal qilib kelgan moturidiya yo\u02bbnalishida yozilgan bo\u02bblib, bugungi kunda ham o\u02bbz ahamiyatini yo\u02bbqotmagan. Jumladan, Xoja Muhammad Porsoning \u201cFaslul xitob\u201d, \u201cHaftodu se firqa\u201d, \u201cTahqiqot\u201d va aqida mavzusidagi boshqa asarlari bugungi kunda islomni o\u02bbz bilganicha talqin qilayotganlar, aqidaparast va adashgan oqimlarga raddiya berishda qimmatli manba sifatida muhimdir.<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><strong>Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar:<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Grigoryan S.N. Iz istorii filosofii Sredney Azii i Iran VII\u2014XV vv. \u2013 M., 1960.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Ismoilov M. Xoja Muhammad Porso \u201cHaftodu se firqa\u201d risolasining islomdagi firqalarni o\u02bbrganishdagi ahamiyati. \u2013 Moturidiya jurnali, \u21163. \u2013 B.33-39.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Ismoilov M. Xoja Muhammad Porsoning \u201cYetmish uch firqa\u201d asari islomdagi firqalar tarixini o\u02bbrganishga oid manba sifatida. \u2013 T.: Mahalla va oila, 2023. \u2013 B. 168.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Kalom \/ N. Qulmatov \/\/ Is\u02bchoq \u2013 Kashish. \u2013 Dushanbe: SIEMT, 2011\u20132020. \u2013 Ensiklopediyai Millii To\u04b7ik: [taxm. 25 \u04b7.] \/ sarmuharrir N.Amirshoh\u04e3).<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Qarang: \u21161449, 1450, 2238, 534.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Oqilov S., Sagdiyev H. va boshq. Kalom (darslik). \u2013 T.: \u201cO\u02bbzbekiston xalqaro islom akademiyasi\u201d nashriyot-matbaa birlashmasi, 2021. \u2013 B.228.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Osimiy M. Paydoish va tashakkuli tafakkuri falsaf\u04e3. \u2013 D., 1970.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Petrushevskiy I. P. Islam v Iran v VII\u2014XII vv. \u2013 L., 1966.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Sayid Ahmad Safoiy \u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0641\u0627\ufe8b\ufbfd. \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0661\u0669\u0665\u0664\u061b \u0634\u0628\u0644\u0626 \u0646\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc. \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f. \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c\u0661\u0669\u0665\u0664\u061b \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c\u0661\u0669\u0666\u0660<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Sayid Husayn Nasr. Ilm va tamaddun dar islom. \u2013 Tehron., 1972. \u2013 B.334.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Tahqiqot. 3a varaq.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Tahqiqot. 4a varaq.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Tahqiqot. O\u02bbsha joyda.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Xoja Muhammad Porso. Muqaddima li-jomi\u02bcul kalim. \u2013 O\u02bbzR FA SHI qo\u02bblyozmasi, \u2116 3039\/III. 3 v.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Xoja Muhammad Porso. Tahqiqot. \u2013 O\u02bbzR FA SHI qo\u02bblyozmasi, \u2116\u21161411. \u2013 336 varaq.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Xoja Muhammad Porso. Fasl ul-xitob. \u2013 Toshkent: G\u02bbulom Hasan Orifjonov nashriyoti (sanasiz).<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Xoja Muhammad Porso. Faslul xitob. \u2013 O\u02bbzR FA SHI qo\u02bblyozmasi, \u21163133; 11605; 4335; 1450; 5766; 584; 2238; 1449; 11682; 3188; 5547; 5546; 522\/VI.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Xoja Muhammad Porso. Haftodu se firqa. \u2013 O\u02bbzR FA SHI qo\u02bblyozmasi, \u2116 10870\/III. \u2013 21 v.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Xoja Muhammad Porso. Sharhi \u201cFusus ul-hikam\u201d. \u2013 Sharhu fusus al-hikam. \u2013 Istanbul, Sulaymoniya kutubxonasi, \u211601366\u2013002, Shahid Ali Posho bo\u02bblimi.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Xoja Muhammad Porso. E\u02bctiqodot. \u2013 O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi Fanlar Akademiyasi Abu Rayhon Beruniy nomidagi Sharqshunoslik instituti qo\u02bblyozmalar xazinasi (Bundan keyin \u2013 O\u02bbzR FA SHI qo\u02bblyozmasi), \u21163844\/ III. \u2013 22 v.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Xolmo\u02bbminov J. Xoja Muhammad Popco Buxoriy. Hayoti va falsafiy-irfoniy merosi. \u2013 T.: Tafakkur tomchilari, 2020. \u2013 B. 20.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">MAS\u02bcUDXON ISMOILOV,<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 14pt;\">O\u02bbzXIA dotsenti<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bugungi kunda Islom dinining asosiy oqimi \u2013 ahli sunna val jamoaning ikki yirik maktabi vakillari \u2013 ash\u02bcariylar va moturidiylar dunyo musulmonlarining aksar qismini tashkil etadi. Bu ikki aqida g\u02bboyalarini keng targ\u02bbib qilishda, ilmiy asoslari bayon qilingan asar yozishda o\u02bbtgan olimlar xizmati beqiyosdir. Zero, ularning fidokorona mehnatisiz ushbu aqida maktablari keng rivojlanmas edi. Xoja Muhammad Porso &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":36297,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>XOJA MUHAMMAD PORSONING KALOM ILMIGA QO\u02bbSHGAN HISSASI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"XOJA MUHAMMAD PORSONING KALOM ILMIGA QO\u02bbSHGAN HISSASI\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=36296&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"XOJA MUHAMMAD PORSONING KALOM ILMIGA QO\u02bbSHGAN HISSASI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"XOJA MUHAMMAD PORSONING KALOM ILMIGA QO\u02bbSHGAN HISSASI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=36296&amp;lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bukharicenter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-07-10T05:03:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/porsso.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"372\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=36296&lang=oz\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=36296&lang=oz\",\"name\":\"XOJA MUHAMMAD PORSONING KALOM ILMIGA QO\u02bbSHGAN HISSASI - 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