{"id":34553,"date":"2024-03-25T10:20:49","date_gmt":"2024-03-25T05:20:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=34553"},"modified":"2024-03-25T10:43:40","modified_gmt":"2024-03-25T05:43:40","slug":"zarafshon-vohasi-tasavvuf-tarixiga-oid-irshodnomalar-tahlili","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=34553&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"ZARAFSHON VOHASI TASAVVUF TARIXIGA OID \u201cIRSHODNOMA\u201dLAR TAHLILI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tasavvuf tarixiga oid silsilalar muayyan kategoriyalar asosida bir necha tarmoqlarda shakllangan. Tariqat murshidi o\u02bbzidan keyin irshod masnadiga munosib shogirdini yillar davomida tayyorlab, uning nazariy va amaliy faoliyatini doimiy nazoratda ushlab turgan. Bu an\u02bcana boshqa tariqatlarga nisbatan naqshbandiyada yaqqol ko\u02bbzga tashlanadi. Murshid shogirdlariga tariqat sir-asrorlarini sabr-bardosh bilan o\u02bbrgatib, ularni muayyan hududga borishini buyurgan. Shuningdek, vafotidan oldin ishonchini oqlagan, tariqat ilmini puxta o\u02bbzlashtirgan shogirdini o\u02bbz o\u02bbrniga pir etib tayin qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIrshodnoma\u201dlarni tadqiq etish bo\u02bbyicha xorijiy va o\u02bbzbekistonlik olimlar tomonidan bir qator izlanishlar olib borilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xorijlik olimlardan Anke fon Kyugelgen [8], A.D.Knish [9], Devin Di Uis [4], Nejdat Tosun [13] kabi olimlar tasavvuf tarixiga oid nodir manbalarni tahlil qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

O\u02bbzbekistonlik olimlardan B.Aminov [2], N.Abdulahatov [1], O.Jo\u02bbraboyev [5], K.Kattayev [6, 7] kabi olimlar tadqiqotlarida bir qator irshodnomalar tarjima qilingan. Ular tadqiqot doirasida nashr qilingan maqola va kitoblarda o\u02bbz aksini topgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Murshidlar shogirdlari kamolga yetgach, ularga \u201cIrshod\u201d xati bergan. Ba\u02bczi irshodlar oddiy matn ko\u02bbrinishida bo\u02bblsa, ayrimlari muhr bilan tasdiqlangan. Ba\u02bczi irshodnomalar kitoblarda matn orasida berilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Maxdumi A\u02bczam Dahbediy tomonidan shogirdi Mavlono Muhammad Lutfullohga berilgan irshod xatining bir qismi \u201cMavlono Lutfulloh manoqibi\u201d kitobida [10: 45] berilgan. \u201cJannatmaob va kamolot iqtisob toshkandlik, parkatlik, piskatlik, axsikatlik va boshqa yerlik birodarlar! O\u02bbz qadrlari va tavfiqlari bilan bilib qo\u02bbysinlarkim, shu paytlarda janobi diniy birodar va yaqin do\u02bbst, shariat va tariqat yo\u02bblidagi solik, haqiqat oshiyonining balandparvoz lochini Mavlono Lutfulloh hisoblanadi. Chunki u peshqadam yoronlardandir. Yoronlardan tobe bo\u02bblish so\u02bbraladi, ul zot oldida odob saqlansin! Chunonki debdurlar: \u201cAdab peshi yori peshqadam az jumlai lavozim ast\u201d, ya\u02bcni peshqadam yorlarning qoshida odob saqlash lozim narsalar jumlasidandir. Bas, barcha yoronlar, birodarlarga vojibdurkim, u kishi oldida, adabni o\u02bbrniga qo\u02bbysinlar, yaxshi suhbatlar o\u02bbtkazsinlarki, tariqatda bo\u02bblmagan odam eshitsa ta\u02bcsirlansin va tariqatga kirsin! Barcha ins va jin shaytonlari ustidan, Alloh ulardan asrasin, g\u02bbalaba qilsinlar, xuddi avliyolarning azimi (Muhammad) sollallohu alayhi vasallam ittifoq qilib, kofirlar ustidan g\u02bbalaba qozongandek\u201d, degan jumlalar bitilgan va oxirida \u201cAl-faqir al-xaqir Ahmad Kosoniy\u201d deb yozilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mavlono Lutfullohga tegishli bu irshod 1542-yili [10:11] Ahmad Kosoniy \u2013Maxdumi A\u02bczam Dahbediy tomonidan berilgan. Ahmad Kosoniy irshod xatining boshida \u201ctoshkandlik, parkatlik, piskatlik, axsikatlik va boshqa yerlik\u201d, deb o\u02bbz shogirdining irshodga yetgani, pirlik qilishga ijozat berganini tushuntirgan. Shogirdini shariat va tariqatning balandparvoz lochini, deb e\u02bctirof etgan. Odobni mahkam ushlab, suhbat tashkil etish uqtirilgan. Bunda, o\u02bbz navbatida, tariqat ixlosmandlari va tariqatga kiruvchilar soni ortishini ta\u02bckidlagan. Bu nodir manba Zarafshon vohasining Dahbed mavzesida yozilgani va o\u02bbrganilayotgan davr bo\u02bbyicha qo\u02bblga kiritilgan ilk irshod xati ekani ahamiyatlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Buxoro muzey-qo\u02bbriqxonasi fondida Mullo Qozi [11] va Mulla Muhyiddin xoja [12] ga tegishli irshodnoma saqlanayotgani aniqlandi. Irshodnoma 1275\/1859-yili ramazon oyida yozilgan. Hujjatning ikki yon hoshiyasida \u201cXoja Abdulkarim Ahmadi\u201d, deb yozilgan muhr (ikki marta) urilgan. Fors tilidagi matn 23 qator va o\u02bblchami 45X24,5 sm.dan iborat. Irshodnomada Basmala bilan oriflar qalbini munavvar etgan Allohga hamdu sano va Payg\u02bbambar Muhammad sollallohu alayhi vasallamga durud va sal\u0430votlar keltirilgan. Unda Muhammad sollallohu alayhi vasallamdan Abu Bakr Siddiqqa, undan Salmon Forsiyga, undan Qosim ibn Muhammadga, undan Ja\u02bcfar Sodiqqa, undan Boyazid Bastomiyga, undan Abulhasan Xaraqoniyga, undan Abu Ali Farmadiyga, undan Xoja Yusuf Hamadoniyga, undan Abduxoliq G\u02bbijduvoniyga, undan Xoja Orif Revgariyga, undan Xoja Mahmud Anjir Fag\u02bbnaviy va Xoja Ali Romitaniyga, undan Bobo Sammosiy va Amir Kulolga, undan Xoja Buzurg Shoh Naqshbandga, undan Mavlono Ya\u02bcqub Charxiyga, undan Xoja Ubaydulloh Ahrorga, undan Mavlono Zohidga, undan Mavlono Darveshga, undan Mavlono Xoja Imkanagiyga (undan Xoja Boqibillohga), undan Imom Rabboniy mujaddidi alfi soniyga, undan Xoja Muhammad Sa\u02bcid va Shayx Abduahadga, undan Mirzo Jon Jononga, undan G\u02bbulom Ali Shohga, undan Shoh Ahmad Sa\u02bcidga, undan tariqat masnadiga Mulla Qozi musharraf bo\u02bbldi. Naqshbandiylikda shariat va tariqatga qat\u02bciy amal qilgan holda istiqomat qilish ta\u02bckidlangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mulla Muhyiddin xojaga tegishli irshod xati ham naqshbandiyaga oid manba bo\u02bblib, yuqorida berilgan irshod matniga yaqin. Abu Yazid (Boyazid), Xoja Muhammad (Bobo Sammosiy), Bahoul haq vad din (Bahouddin), Ahmad Foruqiy Sirhindiy (Imom Rabboniy mujaddidi alfi soniy) ismlari shu shaklda berilgan. Shayx Abduahaddan Mavlono Obidga, undan Xoja Muhammad Musoxonga, undan Siddiqqa, undan Husaynga, undan Abdusattor Maxdumga, matnning ushbu joyiga kelgach, ism o\u02bbrniga muhr urilgan, muhrda: \u201cMulla Muhammad Solih xalifa ibn Muhammad Rasul Sufi\u201d, deb yozilgan. Undan Mulla Muhyiddin xojaga tariqat ijozati yetib kelgan. Fors tilida 1302\/1884-yili yozilgan hujjat matni 21 qator va o\u02bblchami 60X43 sm.dan iborat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shajara.com saytidan olingan irshodnoma fors tilida bitilgan. Basmala bilan boshlangan matn 18 qatordan iborat. Xoja Muhammad Musoxon xojadan shogirdi Muhammad Aminga, u Abdurasul xojaga, u Mavlono Sayid Abduxoliq xojaga, u (o\u02bbg\u02bbli va shogirdi) Hasan xojaga yozgan irshod xatida to\u02bbrt tariqat (naqshbandiya, qodiriya, suhravardiya, chishtiya)ga ijozat berilgani bayon qilingan. Hujjat oxirida 1285\/1868-yil sanasi qayd etilgan va uchta muhr urilgan (yozuvini o\u02bbqish imkoni bo\u02bblmadi). Irshodnoma [elektron nusxasi] matni fors tilida 21 qator bo\u02bblib, uning o\u02bbng hoshiyasida (chap tomoniga nisbatan) kengroq joy qoldirilgan va bir xil tartibda yozilgan. Hujjatda ikkita muhr bosilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Umar xoja Dahbediy shogirdlariga berilgan irshod xatida [7:65] gi matn asosida Ahmad Xojagi Kosoniy, uning shogirdi Xoja Muhammad Amin, uning shogirdi Xoja Muhammad Yusuf, uning shogirdi Xoja Hidoyatulloh, uning shogirdi Bobo Hokiy, uning shogirdi Odinaboy Sidqiy, uning shogirdi Xoja Podshoh, uning shogirdi Sayid Umarxon xoji, uning shogirdi Sayid Ahmadxon xoji, uning shogirdi Mulla Abdulkarim, uning shogirdi Kattaxon xoja Dahbediyga naqshbandiya tariqatiga ijozat yetib kelgan. Bu irshod xatida Maxdum A\u02bczam Dahbediyning ham shogirdlari, ham avlodlari nomi ketma-ketligini ko\u02bbrish mumkin. Albatta, XX asr 60-yillariga qadar yetib kelgan mazkur silsila tarmog\u02bbi Movarounnahr va Xurosonda yoyilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhammad Husayn shogirdi Sufi Badalga, u (o\u02bbg\u02bbli va shogirdi) Abu Sa\u02bcid Sufiga, u Mulla Hasanboy domlaga tariqat yuritishga ijozat bergani ma\u02bclum qilingan. Abu Sa\u02bcid otasi va ustozi Muhammad Badal Sufidan tariqat ijozatini olgani ahamiyatlidir. XIX asr o\u02bbrtalari va XX asr boshlariga kelib, tariqat silsilasi otadan o\u02bbg\u02bbilga o\u02bbtganini kuzatish mumkin. Irshodnomalar qiyosiy tahlil qilinganda, XIX asr oxiri va XX asr boshlariga tegishli hujjat matnlarining bir-biriga o\u02bbxshashligi, qori Ubaydulloh va uning shogirdlariga mansub ijozatnomalar matni shunday xulosa chiqarish imkonini beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ichanqal\u02bca muzey-qo\u02bbriqxonasi qo\u02bblyozmalar fondidagi irshod xati Hoji Habibulloh Buxoriy orqali Shayx Xudoyquliga, undan Shayx Mulla Iyd Muhammadga, undan Shayx Mulla Idris Muhammadga, undan Oxunda Muhammad Niyozquliga, undan Jonmuhammad Sayidga, undan Muhammad Matlab Sayidga yetgan [3], o\u02bblchami 31X53 sm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Domla Kamoliddin ibn Olimboy shogirdi Mullo Jo\u02bbra ibn Muhammadyorga bergan irshodnomasi 1371\/1951-yilda yozilgan. Asosiy matn 25 qator va o\u02bbng hoshiyada ham 2 qator (jami 27 qator) yozilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

(\u201cBismillah…\u201d, Allohga hamd va Muhammad sollallohu alayhi vasallamga salavotdan keyin), \u201cAmmo ba\u02bcd\u201ddan so\u02bbng: \u201cBilgil, ey tolibi sodiqkim, onchi eng avvalo, bu zikr asrorlari Hazrati Payg\u02bbambar alayhissalotu vasallamning ko\u02bbngul zaminlariga yetkazildi; ushbu barakali fayz suvining tomchisi On Hazratdan Hazrati Siddiqi Akbar roziyallohu taolo anhuning fayzli musaffo ko\u02bbngil zaminiga yetkazildi. Ushbu fayz tomchi undan Hazrat Salmon Forsiyga, undan Hazrat Imom Muhammad Qosimga yetkazildi. Undan Hazrat Imom Ja\u02bcfari Sodiqqa, undan Hazrat Sulton Boyazid Bastomiyga, undan Hazrati Shayx Abul Hasan Xaraqoniyga, undan Hazrati Shayx Abu Ali Farmadiyga yetkazildi. Undan Hazrati Xoja Yusuf Hamadoniyga, undan Hazrati Xoja Abduxoliq G\u02bbijduvoniyga, undan Hazrati Xoja Orif Revgariyga, undan Hazrati Xoja Mahmud Anjir Fag\u02bbnaviyga, undan Hazrati Xoja Ali Romitaniyga, undan Hazrati Xoja Muhammad Bobo Sammosiyga, undan Hazrati Sayid Amir Kulolga, undan Hazrati Xojai Buzurg Naqshbandiyga, undan Hazrati Mavlono Ya\u02bcqubi Charxiyga, undan Hazrati Xoja Ahrori Valiga, undan Hazrati Mavlono Muhammad Zohidga, undan Hazrati Mavlono Muhammad Darvishga, undan Hazrati Mavlono Xojagiy Imkanagiyga, undan Hazrati Xoja Muhammad Boqibillohga, undan Hazrati Imom Rabboniyga, undan Hazrati Xoja Muhammad Saidga, undan Hazrati Xoja Abdulahadga, undan Hazrati Mavlono Obidga, undan Hazrati Musoxon xoja Dahbediyga, undan Hazrati Xalifa Muhammad Siddiq ko\u02bbngliga tomizilib, undan bu ma\u02bcrifat dengizi va haqiqat daryosidan bu fayzli tomchi haqiqat malagining qutbi va tariqat doirasining markazi va musulmonlar peshvosi va soliklar yo\u02bblining yaqini, ya\u02bcni katta bobom Hazrati xalifa Husaynga yetkazildi. Va ul zotdan murshidi komil va ofoqlar peshvosi, ma\u02bcrifat orifi, ya\u02bcni o\u02bbz o\u02bbg\u02bbillari \u2013 Hazrati xalifa Abdusattor ko\u02bbnglining munavvar zaminiga yetkaziladi. Va ushbu munavvar tomchi ul zotdan o\u02bbz o\u02bbg\u02bbillari Hazrati xalifa Eshmuhammadning ko\u02bbngil zaminiga tomizildi. Va ul zotdan o\u02bbz o\u02bbg\u02bbillari Qori Ubaydullohning ko\u02bbngil zaminiga yetkazildi. Va ul zotdan ushbu faqirul-haqir hamda Allohning afv etishidan umidvor kamina Mulla Kamoliddin ibn Olimboyning ko\u02bbngil zaminiga tomchiladi hamda ahli tariqatga xizmatkorlik va xodimlik darajasiga sarafrozlikka bag\u02bbishladilar. Biz ham (o\u02bbz navbatida) ushbu munavvar tomchini fazilat maob va kamolot iqtisob Mullo Jo\u02bbra bin Muhammadyorga tariqat zikrining ta\u02bclimiga ijozat berdik va shu shart bilankim, toliblarga tariqat ta\u02bclimini o\u02bbrgatsinlar hamda Nabaviy shariati (sunnati)da istiqomat etib, muqtado-peshvo pirlarga payrovlik etsinlar.\u201d Hujjat \u201cMulla Kamoliddin ibn Olimboy. 1326 (1907) yil\u201d deb yozilgan, tuxumsimon shakldagi muhr bilan tasdiqlangan. Hajmi 1,5 x 2 sm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Domla Kamoliddin shogirdi Abdurahmon Maxdum ibn Abdulaziz xoja (bergan irshod xati matni 39 qatordan iborat) va Sherxon ibn Ubaydullohga (irshod matni 29 qatordan iborat) berilgan irshod xati Qori Ubaydulloh tomonidan Domla Kamoliddinga berilgan irshodnoma matni bilan bir xil. Ikki hujjatning pastki qismida Domla Kamoliddin muhri har biriga besh martadan urilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samarqand viloyati Urgut tumanida yashovchi Nusratulloh hoji bobo xonadonida saqlanayotgan \u201cIrshodnoma\u201d, xonadon egasining aytishicha, u bobokaloniga tegishli \u201cDiplom\u201d, deb ota-bobolaridan meros tarzida Qur\u02bconi karimning orasida saqlab kelinar ekan. Irshodnoma sariq shiqildoq qog\u02bbozga yozilgan bo\u02bblib, arab va fors tillarida nasta\u02bcliq xatida bitilgan. O\u02bblchami 52X31,5 sm bo\u02bblib, undagi matn 27 qatorni tashkil qiladi. Murshidlar nomi yozilgan matn usti qizil chiziq bilan belgilangan. Irshodnoma naqshbandiya tariqatining Musoxon xoja Dahbediy tarmog\u02bbiga oid bo\u02bblib, basmala bilan boshlangan. Allohga hamdu sano va Muhammad Mustafo sollallohu alayhi vasallamga durudu salovotlar aytilgan. Keyin tariqat nuri Payg\u02bbambar alayhissalom va Abu Bakr Siddiqdan to Musoxon xoja Dahbediy, Mavlono Ibrohim Samarqandiy, xalifa Abduroziqning ustozi (va otasi) va o\u02bbzigacha o\u02bbtib kelgan ma\u02bcnaviy ruxsat keltirilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abduroziq xalifaga ustozi (va otasi)dan naqshbandiya tariqatini yuritishda ijozat berilgan. Shariatga amal qilgan holda tariqat murshidlari yo\u02bblini uzviy davom ettirishi va tariqat vazifalarini bekam-ko\u02bbst ado etishi lozimligi ta\u02bckidlanib, hujjat oxirida \u201cAlloh eng yaxshi saqlaguvchidir va U rahmlilardan ko\u02bbra rahmlidir\u201d, degan duo keltirilgan. Hujjat oxirida \u201cMuhyiddin xoja ibn shayxush shuyux Abduvaliy xoja\u201d deb yozilgan oval shakl (2X2 sm o\u02bblcham)dagi muhr urilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Irshodnoma XIX asr oxiri va XX asr boshiga tegishli. Hujjatda sana berilmagan. Hujjat xalifa Abduroziqning naqshbandiya tariqati ijozatnomasi bo\u02bblib, unga bosilgan muhr urgutlik naqshbandiya tariqati murshidi Muhyiddin xojaga tegishli ekani ma\u02bclum bo\u02bbldi. Bundan hujjat murshid vafotidan keyin yozilgani ayon bo\u02bbladi. Shu asnoda keyingi davrlarda hujjatlarning soxtalashtirilmasligi uchun bo\u02bblsa kerak irshodnomalar murshid tomonidan tasdiqlab berilgan. Yoki murshid shogirdiga tariqat ijozatini bergach, murshid vafotidan keyin irshodnoma matni yozilib, uni hudud qozilari yoki muftiylari tasdiqlagan. Ushbu irshodnomani tasdiqlash zarurati zamon talabi bo\u02bblganidan dalolat beradi. Bu yerda naqshbandiya tariqatida faoliyat olib borayotgan boshqa murshid muhri bosilgan. Bunda hujjatning asl ekanini isbotlash maqsad qilingan ko\u02bbrinadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhyiddin shayx urgutlik Eshon Abduvalixonning o\u02bbg\u02bbli bo\u02bblib, Eshon Abduvalixon Mavlono Ibrohim xoja Samarqandiyning shogirdi bo\u02bblgan. Demak, muhr egasi ham Abduroziq kabi naqshbandiya ta\u02bclimotini otasidan olgan va aynan bir ustoz bilan Mavlono Ibrohim xoja Samarqandiy silsilasiga ulangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Silsila tartibi yanglish keltirilgan irshodnoma [Shajara.com sayti] matniga qaraydigan bo\u02bblsak, 25 qatordan iborat matn arab, fors va turkiy tilda yozilgan. Abu Bakr Siddiqdan Xoja Ahror Valiga qadar yetib kelgan ruxsat, undan Maxdum A\u02bczam Xojagiy Kosoniyga tariqat ruxsati yetadi. U Xoja Kalon Muhammad Islom Juyboriyga, u Xoja Kalon Maxdum A\u02bczam Dahbediyga, u Xoja Hoshimga, u Xoja Mo\u02bbminga, u Xoja Avliyoga, u xalifa Ismoilga, u Mavlono Muhammadi (Imlo) Buxoriyga, u Eshon Nazr xojaga, u Ashur Shibirg\u02bboniyga, u xalifa Haqberdiga, u Muhammad Sobir xojaga, u\u00a0 Eshon Rahmat xojaga, u Eshon Ya\u02bcqub xojaga, u Eshon Ayub xojaga, u Hoji No\u02bbmon xojaga, u To\u02bbraqul xalifaga ma\u02bcnaviy ruxsat yetib kelgan. Amr qilindiki, har tobiki haqiqat va tariqat yo\u02bbliga doxil bo\u02bbladi. O\u02bbtganlar haqqiga duoyi fotiha o\u02bbqib, yo\u02bbqlasin va suhbatni tark etmasin, deb hujjat oxirida \u201cNo\u02bbmon xoja\u201dga tegishli muhr ikki marta urilgan. Mazkur irshodnomada Xoja Ahror Valiy Muhammad Qoziga ruxsat bergan. Muhammad Qozi esa Maxdum A\u02bczam Kosoniyga tariqat ijozatini bergan. Xattot aybi bilan bo\u02bblsa kerak, silsiladan \u201cMuhammad Qozi\u201d ismi tushib qolgan. Silsilada Imlo Buxoriy ustozi Podshoh Salim Balxiy, uning ustozi Xoja Avliyo, uning ustozi Xoja Majnun, Muhammad Mo\u02bbmin, Xoja Hoshim, Muhammad Amin, Xoja (Nosiriddin) Kalon, uning ustozi Muhammad Islom Juyboriy va uning ustozi Maxdumi A\u02bczam Dahbediy ekani ma\u02bclum bo\u02bblgandi. Shunga ko\u02bbra, Imlo Buxoriy Xoja Avliyoning ikki shogirdidan ijozat olgani ma\u02bclum bo\u02bbldi. Yana Xoja Avliyoning ustozi Xoja Majnun deb berilgan, yuqorida kelgan irshodnomada bu ism tushib qolgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ushbu irshodnoma boshqa hujjatlarda uchramaydigan holat, ya\u02bcni naqshbandiya-kosoniya tariqatiga oid hujjat uch tilda yozilgani bilan ahamiyatlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hujjatlar matni Domlo Kamolga piru murshidi Qori Ubaydullohdan berilgan irshodnomadan olingan. To\u02bbrt hujjat matni, yozilish xarakteri bir xil, Qori Ubaydullohdan keyingi farzandi va shogirdlari irshodnoma yozishda uning ilk irshodnomasini etalon sifatida qabul qilgan. Qori Ubaydullohdan keyingi barcha shogirdlar irshodnoma yozishda uning birlamchi irshodnomasidan foydalangan. Unga tegishli irshodnoma matni chiroyli, murakkab so\u02bbzlar bilan boyitib yozilgani va uslubi mukammalligi sababli uni shogirdlari qonuniy yozish tartibi sifatida qabul qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Irshodnomalar bevosita murshidning shogirdiga bergan tariqat ijozatining yozma tasdig\u02bbidir. Hujjatda kelgan ba\u02bczi (masalan: silsila ketma-ketligida uzilish, murshidlar o\u02bbrni almashib qolishi, tushib qoldirilishi yoki yanglish keltirilishi kabi) kamchiliklar, biror bir xattot tomonidan yozil (ko\u02bbchiril)ganini anglatadi. Murshid vafotidan keyin yozilgan irshodnomalar ham uchragani, tariqatda ruxsat, avvalo, og\u02bbzaki, keyinchalik yozma tasdiq bo\u02bblganini bildiradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tasavvufda keyingi davrlarda yozma irshod xatlarning ko\u02bbpayishi \u2013 soxta tariqat faoliyatiga yo\u02bbl qo\u02bbymaslik, ustoz-shogird, ya\u02bcni pir-muridlik an\u02bcanalarini davom ettirish, imkon qadar mumtoz tariqat asoschi (yetakchi)larining ilmiy-nazariy va amaliy qarashlarini saqlab qolishda muhim o\u02bbrin tutgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Naqshbandiyaga oid irshodnomalar ishqiya, kubroviya, mavlaviya, suhravardiya, yassaviya, qodiriya va chishtiya kabi tariqatlarga nisbatan ko\u02bbp ekani uning ta\u02bcsir doirasi kengligini bildiradi. Shuningdek, ushbu tariqatda yozma merosga yuqori darajada e\u02bctibor berilganidan dalolat beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Abdulahatov N., To\u02bbxtaboyev I. Toshloq tarixidan lavhalar. \u2013 T.: Yangi asr avlodi, 2011. \u2013 B.220-226.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Aminov B., Mahmudov F. XIX asr kubraviya-naqshbandiya tariqatiga oid \u201cal-ijoza\u201d \u2013 ijozatnoma \/\/ O\u02bbtmishga nazar. 3 jild, 9-son. \u2013 Toshkent, 2020. \u2013 B.4-10.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Bayon nisbat tariq Hazrat Xojagon Naqshbandiya. Qo\u02bblyozma. Xorazm Ichanqal\u02bca muzey-qo\u02bbriqxonasi qo\u02bblyozmalar fondi. Inv \u21162130. \u2013 1 varaq.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. \u0414\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043d \u0414\u0438 \u0423\u0438\u0441. \u041c\u0430\u0448\u0430\u02bc\u0438\u0445\u0438 \u0442\u0443\u0440\u043a \u0438 \u0425\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d: \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u045e\u0444\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u042f\u0441\u0430\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u041d\u0430\u043a\u0448\u0431\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u044f \/\/ \u0421\u0443\u0444\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0432 \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0410\u0437\u0438\u0438 (\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f). \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431: \u0424\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u0421\u041f\u0431\u0413\u0423, 2001.<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Jo\u02bbraboyev O. Haziniy to\u02bbra (hayoti va ijodi). \u2013 T.: Fan, 2007. \u2013 B. 121-122.<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. Kattayev K. Domla Kamolning a\u02bcliya tariqatida tutgan o\u02bbrni hamda yurtimizning oxirgi mashhur murshidlari. \u2013 Toshkent: \u201cQamar-media\u201d nashriyoti, 2020. \u2013 B.204.<\/span><\/li>\n
  7. Kattayev K. Dahbed va Maxdumi A\u02bczam. \u2013 Samarqand: So\u02bbg\u02bbdiyona, 1993.<\/span><\/li>\n
  8. \u041a\u044e\u0433\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0435\u043d \u0410. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u041d\u0430\u043a\u0448\u0431\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u044f-\u041c\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0434\u0434\u0438\u0434\u0438\u044f \/\/ \u0421\u0443\u0444\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0432 \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0410\u0437\u0438\u0438. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431, 2001. \u2013 \u0421.275-330.<\/span><\/li>\n
  9. \u041a\u043d\u044b\u0448 \u0410.\u0414. \u041c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0437\u043c: \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f. \u2013 \u0421\u041f\u0431: \u0414\u0418\u041b\u042f, 2004. \u2013 \u0421.464.<\/span><\/li>\n
  10. Muhammad Muftiy Ohangaroniy. Mavlono Lutfulloh manoqibi \/\/ Fors tilidan Abdullohxo\u02bbja Ma\u02bcrufxo\u02bbja o\u02bbg\u02bbli va Shuhrat Sirojiddinov. \u2013 Toshkent: Imom al-Buxoriy xalqaro jamg\u02bbarmasi, 2002. \u2013 B.45.<\/span><\/li>\n
  11. Silsilai Naqshbandiya. Qo\u02bblyozma. 1275\/1859. Buxoro davlat muzey-qo\u02bbriqxonasi qo\u02bblyozmalar fondi. Inv \u2116 11475\/ 1-varaq.<\/span><\/li>\n
  12. Silsilai naqshbandiya. Qo\u02bblyozma. 1302\/1884. Buxoro davlat muzey-qo\u02bbriqxonasi qo\u02bblyozmalar fondi. Inv \u2116 13101\/II. 1-varaq.<\/span><\/li>\n
  13. Tosun N. T\u00fcrkitan dervi\u015flerinden yadigar. Orta Asya T\u00fcrk\u00e7esiyle Yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Tasavvufi Eserlar. \u2013 Istanbul: \u0130nsan yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2011. \u2013 S.198.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    Mexrojiddin AMONOV <\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi ilmiy xodimi,<\/span><\/div>\n
    tarix fanlari bo\u02bbyicha falsafa doktori (PhD), katta ilmiy xodim<\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Tasavvuf tarixiga oid silsilalar muayyan kategoriyalar asosida bir necha tarmoqlarda shakllangan. Tariqat murshidi o\u02bbzidan keyin irshod masnadiga munosib shogirdini yillar davomida tayyorlab, uning nazariy va amaliy faoliyatini doimiy nazoratda ushlab turgan. Bu an\u02bcana boshqa tariqatlarga nisbatan naqshbandiyada yaqqol ko\u02bbzga tashlanadi. Murshid shogirdlariga tariqat sir-asrorlarini sabr-bardosh bilan o\u02bbrgatib, ularni muayyan hududga borishini buyurgan. Shuningdek, vafotidan oldin …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":34555,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nZARAFSHON VOHASI TASAVVUF TARIXIGA OID \u201cIRSHODNOMA\u201dLAR TAHLILI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=34553&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ZARAFSHON VOHASI TASAVVUF TARIXIGA OID \u201cIRSHODNOMA\u201dLAR TAHLILI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tasavvuf tarixiga oid silsilalar muayyan kategoriyalar asosida bir necha tarmoqlarda shakllangan. Tariqat murshidi o\u02bbzidan keyin irshod masnadiga munosib shogirdini yillar davomida tayyorlab, uning nazariy va amaliy faoliyatini doimiy nazoratda ushlab turgan. Bu an\u02bcana boshqa tariqatlarga nisbatan naqshbandiyada yaqqol ko\u02bbzga tashlanadi. Murshid shogirdlariga tariqat sir-asrorlarini sabr-bardosh bilan o\u02bbrgatib, ularni muayyan hududga borishini buyurgan. 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