{"id":34520,"date":"2024-03-18T18:27:36","date_gmt":"2024-03-18T13:27:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=34520"},"modified":"2024-03-18T18:27:36","modified_gmt":"2024-03-18T13:27:36","slug":"tariqatlar-tarixini-o%ca%bcrganishda-sfragistik-materiallarning-o%ca%bcrni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=34520&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"TARIQATLAR TARIXINI O\u02bcRGANISHDA SFRAGISTIK MATERIALLARNING O\u02bcRNI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tarixiy manbalar Markaziy Osiyoning siyosiy, iqtisodiy va madaniy hayotida muhim rol o\u02bbynagan. Bunda Markaziy Osiyoda yaratilgan qo\u02bblyozmalar muhim qiziqish uyg\u02bbotishi tabiiydir. Markaziy Osiyoda yaratilgan qo\u02bblyozmalarni tadqiq etish orqali, aksariyat qo\u02bblyozmalarga muhr bosilgani ayon bo\u2018ldi. Shuningdek, qo\u02bblyozma qaysi bilim dargohi yoki kutubxonaga (madrasa yoki xonaqohga) tegishli ekani haqida muhim ma\u02bclumotga ega bo\u02bbldik.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sfragistika \u2013 (yunon. \u2013 muhr) yoki sigillografiya (lot. sigillum \u2013 muhr), muhrlarni tarixiy manba sifatida o\u02bbrganadigan fan. Muhrlar deb qattiq materialga (tosh, metall, suyak va boshqalar) o\u02bbyilgan qolip va muhr izlariga ataladi (tilla, kumush, qo\u02bbrg\u02bboshin, qog\u02bboz va boshqalar). Muhr, shuningdek, sopol, qo\u02bbrg\u02bboshindan tayyorlanadi, uning silindr shaklidagi nusxalari ham uchraydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhr \u2013 kutubxona timsoli. Odatda qo\u02bblyozma varaqlaridagi muhrlar orqali qo\u02bblyozma egasi kim bo\u02bblganini aniqlash mumkin. Agar ayni bir muhr bir qancha kitoblarga qo\u02bbyilgan bo\u02bblsa, ular bir shaxs kutubxonasiga tegishli bo\u02bbladi. Bu orqali shaxsiy kutubxonalarni aniqlash ancha qulay.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rasmiy qog\u02bbozlarga bosiladigan turli shakldagi muhrlar \u2013 bu hujjat aynan o\u02bbsha korxona yoki shaxs tomonidan yuborilganidan guvohlik beradi. Sfragistik yodgorliklar yordamida davlatchilik institutlari faoliyatining ayrim jihatlari haqida qimmatli ma\u02bclumotlar olish, shuningdek, muhrdagi yozuv va suratlarda o\u02bbsha davr voqealari aks etganini ko\u02bbrish mumkin. Shu sababdan muhr biron bir davrdagi tarixiy voqeani kompleks o\u02bbrganishda qimmatli manbadir. Muhr yordamida hujjat muallifi aniqlanadi. Soha ustalari tomonidan mohirlik bilan o\u02bbyilgan muhrlar ko\u02bbp hollarda san\u02bcat asariga tenglashtiriladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Arab yozuvidagi muhr va uning aksi \u2013 bu shunday tarixiy manbalardan biriki, tarixchilar uni hali to\u02bbliq baholay olmagan va u hali \u201cochilmagan qo\u02bbriq\u201ddir. Bu muhrlar nafaqat yuz minglab hujjatlarga, balki O\u02bbzbekiston hududida saqlanayotgan minglab qo\u02bblyozmalarga ham bosilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hozirgi kunda musulmon sfragistikasi alohida soha sifatida shakllanmoqda. So\u02bbnggi yillarda bu borada qator tadqiqotlar [10] amalga oshirildi. Muhrlar alohida ko\u02bbrsatilgan kataloglar ham chop etildi. \u201cIslamic Seals Database (www.cbl.il\/islamicseals)\u201d musulmon muhrlari ma\u02bclumotlari bazasi (Chester Bitti (Dublin) kutubxonasining maxsus saytida) yaratildi. Turin universitetida Kale qo\u02bblyozmalar xazinasi katalogida [14] (katalogirum seriyasida) muhrlar uchun maxsus o\u02bbrin ajratildi. Shuningdek, O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi Vazirlar Mahkamasi huzuridagi Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi tomonidan tayyorlangan \u201cImom Buxoriy xalqaro markazi manbalar xazinasi qo\u02bblyozmalar katalogi\u201dda [11] ham ana shunday muhrlar uchun o\u02bbrin ajratilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sfragistika bo\u02bbyicha tadqiqot olib borgan G\u02bb.Qurbonov [12] O\u02bbzbekiston tarixida birinchilardan bo\u02bblib muhrlar katalogini tuzadi. U o\u2018z tadqiqotida Buxoro muhrlarini batafsil tasnif qilib, ayrim hollarda aynan muhrning o\u02bbzi yoxud hujjatlarga bosilgan aksini kiritgan. Kitobda rus va sovet sharqshunoslarining muhrlar borasidagi tadqiqotlari haqida ham ma\u02bclumot keltirilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bevosita muhrlar yoki ularning akslari borasida amalga oshirilgan ilmiy ishlar sirasiga A.Divayev va P.Axmerovning \u201cAhmad Yassaviy muhrlari tavsifi\u201d (\u201cOpisaniye pechati Axmeda Yasevi\u201d) [2] tadqiqotini ham kiritish mumkin. A.Xolidov Sharq qo\u02bblyozmalari katalogi (\u0421\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0412\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u0410\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a \u0423\u0437\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0421\u0421\u0420) yordamida [18] Porso muhri tushirilgan 57 ta qo\u02bblyozmani aniqlagan. Keyingi izlanishlarda A.Xolidov e\u02bctiboridan chetda qolgan yana 81 ta qo\u02bblyozma aniqlangan [13].<\/span><\/p>\n

Tarix fanlari doktori Sh.Ziyodov \u201cXV-XX asr boshlarida Markaziy Osiyoda kutubxonachilik tarixi (qo\u02bblyozma manbalar va ulardagi muhrlar tahlili asosida)\u201d [4] nomli doktorlik ishida O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi Fanlar akademiyasi Abu Rayhon Beruniy nomidagi Sharqshunoslik instituti fondida saqlanayotgan qo\u02bblyozmalarda 23 ta vaqf va 62 ta kitob savdosi borasidagi qaydlar keltirilgan. Shuningdek, Sidqiy Xondayliqiy tomonidan 48 nafar qozi va ularning avlodlari, 34 nafar muftiy va ularning avlodlari, 13 turdagi mudarris va qorilarga taalluqli, 86 nafar xususiy shaxs va 4 nafar amaldorga oid jami 185 dona muhr yasalgani, XV-XX asrlarda Markaziy Osiyo kutubxonalarida saqlangan 2605 ta qo\u02bblyozmada 1652 turdagi muhr izlari bo\u02bblgani ochib berilgan. Aynan shu muhrlar yordamida Zarafshon vohasida naqshbandiylik tariqatida faoliyat olib borgan Xoja Muhammad Porso hayoti va ilmiy-ma\u02bcnaviy merosi tadqiq etilgan. Unga tegishli madrasa, masjid va kutubxona tarixi yoritilgan. Tadqiqot natijasida Muhammad Porso kutubxonasi, naqshbandiya tariqatining davomchilari \u2013 nazariyotchi shayxlari haqida muhim ma\u02bclumotlar taqdim etilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tadqiqotchi Sh.Ziyodov muhrlar tadqiqiga oid monografik tadqiqot sifatida tayyorlagan \u201cO\u02bbrta Osiyo sfragistikasiga oid materiallar (Toshkent. XIX oxiri \u2013 XX asr boshlari) muhrlar katalogi\u201dni [5] ham e\u02bclon qildi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Izlanish natijasida bevosita Zarafshon vohasida faoliyat olib borgan tariqat murshidlarining sakkiz burchak, aylana, to\u02bbrtburchak, bargsimon, oval\u00a0 shakldagi muhrlari aniqlandi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Xalifa Mulla Xudoyberdi ibn Mulla Abdurasul sufi. Oval. 30×24 mm. \/\/ Silsilai naqshbandiya. Qo\u02bblyozma. Buxoro muzey-qo\u02bbriqxonasi fondi, inv: \u2116 11475\/II. 1-varaq [17].<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Mulla Muhammad Solih xalifa ibn Mulla Muhammad Rasul Sufi. Ov. 30×24 mm. \/\/ Silsilai Naqshbandiya. Qo\u02bblyozma. Buxoro muzey-qo\u02bbriqxonasi fondi, inv: \u2116 13101\/II. 1-varaq [16].<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Xoja Abdukarim Ahmadi. Dumaloq. 24 mm. \/\/ Silsilai Naqshbandiya. Qo\u02bblyozma. Buxoro muzey-qo\u02bbriqxonasi fondi, inv: \u2116 11475\/II. 1-varaq [17].<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Yahyo xoja ibn Eshon Musoxon xoja Sarmejiy. Ov. 27×17 mm. \/\/ Irshodnoma (G\u02bboyibnazar maxzum ibn Muhammad Sobir maxzum). Qo\u02bblyozma, forscha, nasta\u02bcliq. 1299\/1880 [8].<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Jaloliddin xoja ibn Eshon Yahyo xoja. Ov. 25×15 mm. \/\/ Irshodnoma (G\u02bboyibnazar maxzum ibn Muhammad Sobir maxzum). Qo\u02bblyozma, forscha, nasta\u02bcliq. 1299\/1880 [8].<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. \u201cG\u02bbulomi xosi islom, Shayx Abul Fath. 1299\u201d\/1880. \u201cBismillah, va billah, va minalloh, va ilalloh, va a\u02bclalloh, faliyatavakkalun\u201d (Allohning ismi bilan va Alloh bilan va Allohdan va Allohga va Allohning o\u02bbziga mo\u02bbminlar tavakkal qilsinlar). Olti burchak 45×45 mm. \/\/ Vaqf hujjati. 1305\/1887-yil. Qo\u02bblyozma [1].<\/span><\/li>\n
  7. Abul Fath. 1280\/1863. Ov. 15 mm \/\/ Vaqf hujjati. 1305\/1887-yil. Qo\u02bblyozma [1].<\/span><\/li>\n
  8. … ki gavhari daryoi obu ast, Bahrul lutf islomi din ba mavj ast (Islomning lutfidin bahravar bo\u02bbldi, Daryo suvining gavharga to\u02bblgani kabi). To\u02bbrtburchak. \/\/ Irshodnoma. Abul Fath. XIX asr o\u02bbrtalari. Qo\u02bblyozma.<\/span><\/li>\n
  9. Chu nuri adl Abul Hay …, Jomi islom Eshon Abul Hasan ast (Abul Hay \u2013 Eshoni Islom shayxning o\u02bbg\u02bbli Abul Hasan ko\u02bbz nuridur). Du. \/\/ Sharhi muraqqa\u02bcus solihin\u201d [Burhoniddin Qilichning \u201cPorso-darveshlar uchun libos\u201d asari sharhi] hoshiyasida. Muallif shaxsiy kutubxonasida.<\/span><\/li>\n
  10. Ba ismi Alloh, ba ismi Vohid. Qul huvallohu ahad. Muhammad Habibulloh 1334\/1915. Du [8].<\/span><\/li>\n
  11. Qozi xoja ibn Salohiddin xoja. Ol.b. \/\/ Sayid Shodmon xoja Naqshbandiy shajarasi. Qo\u02bblyozma [15].<\/span><\/li>\n
  12. Abdurasul xoja a\u02bclam Qarshiy ibn Muhammad Vafo xoja. Al-Mutavakkil a\u02bclalloh. Du. \/\/ Sayid Shodmon xoja Naqshbandiy shajarasi. Qo\u02bblyozma [15].<\/span><\/li>\n
  13. Eshon mulla Sayid Shodmon xoja Naqshbandiy ibn Sayid Homid xoja. Aylana oval \/\/ Sayid Shodmon xoja Naqshbandiy shajarasi. Qo\u02bblyozma [15].<\/span><\/li>\n
  14. Sayid Shodmon xoja Naqshbandiy ibn Sayid Homid xoja. Ov. \/\/ Sayid Shodmon xoja Naqshbandiy shajarasi. Qo\u02bblyozma [15].<\/span><\/li>\n
  15. Mulla Shodmon xoja o\u02bbroq Naqshbandiy. 1338\/1919. Ol.b. \/\/ Sayid Shodmon xoja Naqshbandiy shajarasi. Qo\u02bblyozma [15].<\/span><\/li>\n
  16. Muhammad Tohir Xoja Sudur ibn Qozi Ismoil Xoja Naqshbandiy. Ov. \/\/ Sayid Shodmon xoja Naqshbandiy shajarasi. Qo\u02bblyozma [15].<\/span><\/li>\n
  17. Xalifa Ahmad xoja ibn Muhammad Sodiq xoja Naqshbandiy. Ov. \/\/ Sayid Shodmon Xoja Naqshbandiy shajarasi. Qo\u02bblyozma [15].<\/span><\/li>\n
  18. Eshon Mansur xoja o\u02bbroq Naqshbandiy. 1338\/1919. Ol.b. \/\/ Sayid Shodmon xoja Naqshbandiy shajarasi. Qo\u02bblyozma [15].<\/span><\/li>\n
  19. Eshon Mansur xoja o\u02bbroq Naqshbandiy. 1338\/1919. Ol.b. \/\/ Sayid Shodmon xoja Naqshbandiy shajarasi. Qo\u02bblyozma [15].<\/span><\/li>\n
  20. Mulla Rahmatulloh xoja. Ol.b. \/\/ Sayid Shodmon xoja Naqshbandiy shajarasi. Qo\u02bblyozma [15].<\/span><\/li>\n
  21. Abu Sa\u02bcid Sufi inb Muhammad Badal Marhumiy. Silsila. Elektron. Ov.<\/span><\/li>\n
  22. 21. Abulqosimxon al-Mutavakkil bi ar-rohman. 1322\/1903. To\u02bbrtburchak. \/\/ Toyloqlik Sherozxon Hayotxon o\u02bbg\u02bbli xonadonida saqlanadi. Qo\u02bblyozma. Xonadonida saqlanadi [7].<\/span><\/li>\n
  23. Fayzulloh ibn Muhammad Ibrohim. 21X21 mm. \/\/ Toyloqlik Ibrohimxon xonadonida saqlanadi.<\/span><\/li>\n
  24. Sayid Akram Xoja ibn Sayid Husayn Xoja 131..\/1892-1901. Ol. B. 30X30 mm. \/\/ Irshodnoma. Qo\u02bblyozma [6].<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Muhr tutish huquqiga ega bo\u02bblgan shaxslar uni o\u02bbz darajasiga qarab yozdirgan va martabasiga qarab hujjat oxiri yoki boshiga bosilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Ba\u02bczi muhrlardan foydalanib goho hukmdorlar yoki avlod shajarasi va silsila nasabnomasini bilib olish mumkin. Masalan, Ashtarxoniy hukmdor Subhonqulixon (vaf. 1702) muhrida ajdodlarining sakkizta silsilasi ro\u02bbyxati berilgan [3:32-36]. Mullo Xudoyqulga tegishli irshodnomadagi muhrda o\u02bbttiz ikkita sohibi silsilalar nomi yozilgan nasabnomasi o\u02bbrin olgan [9].<\/span><\/p>\n

    Xulosa qilganda, muhrlar ham turlicha yasalgan, ayrimlari, juda jozibador ishlangan bo\u02bblsa, ba\u02bczilari esa umuman sodda bo\u02bblganini ko\u2018rish mumkin. Shu bilan birga, XV-XIX asrlarda Zarafshon vohasida faoliyat olib borgan tariqat shayx-murshidlariga tegishli muhrlar \u2013 irshodnoma yoki tariqat xonaqohlariga tegishli yer-mulklarning vaqf hujjatlariga bosish uchun ishlatilgan. Muhrlarning nodir yozma manbalarda ham uchrashi, tariqat pirlarining o\u02bbziga taalluqli kutubxona fondi bo\u02bblganidan dalolat beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar<\/strong>:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Vaqf hujjati. Qo\u02bblyozma. 1305\/1887-yil. Muallif shaxsiy kutubxonasida.<\/span><\/li>\n
    2. \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0432 \u0410.\u0410., \u0410\u0445\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u041f.\u041d. \u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0410\u0445\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430 \u042f\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0438. \u0418\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0418\u043c\u043f. \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0435. \u2013 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044c, 1896. \u0422.XIII. \u2013 \u0421.530-537.<\/span><\/li>\n
    3. \u0416\u0443\u0432\u043e\u043d\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u0410. \u041d\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440 \u0441\u0430\u04b3\u0438\u0444\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0440. \u2013 \u0422\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0435\u043d\u0442, 1977. \u2013 \u0411. 32-36.<\/span><\/li>\n
    4. \u0417\u0438\u0451\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0428.\u042e. XV-XX \u0430\u0441\u0440 \u0431\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0439 \u041e\u0441\u0438\u0451\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u0442\u0443\u0431\u0445\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043a \u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0445\u0438 (\u049b\u045e\u043b\u0451\u0437\u043c\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0440 \u0432\u0430 \u0443\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u043c\u0443\u04b3\u0440\u043b\u0430\u0440 \u0442\u0430\u04b3\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0434\u0430). \u0422\u0430\u0440.\u0444.\u0434., \u2013 \u0422\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0435\u043d\u0442, 2022. \u2013 272 \u0431.<\/span><\/li>\n
    5. \u0417\u0438\u0451\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0428. \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 (\u0422\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0435\u043d\u0442. XIX-\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e XX \u0432\u0432.). \u041c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f. \u2013 \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434: \u041c\u0418\u0426\u0410\u0418, 2020. \u2013 160 \u0441.<\/span><\/li>\n
    6. Qo\u02bblyozma. Samarqandlik S.Qayumova xonadonida saqlanadi.<\/span><\/li>\n
    7. Qo\u02bblyozma. Toyloqlik Sherozxon Hayotxon o\u02bbg\u02bbli xonadonida saqlanadi.<\/span><\/li>\n
    8. Irshodnoma (G\u02bboyibnazar maxzum ibn Muhammad Sobir maxzum). Qo\u02bblyozma. 1299\/1880. Muallif shaxsiy kutubxonasida.<\/span><\/li>\n
    9. Qo\u02bblyozma. Qo\u02bblyozma, fors tilida. 1315\/1896. Muallif shaxsiy kutubxonasida.<\/span><\/li>\n
    10. \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0410.\u0410. \u041c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430: \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \/\/ \u0412\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0446\u0438\u043f\u043b\u0438\u043d\u044b. \u0412\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a 1. \u041d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430 1\/2. \u2013 \u041c.: 1989. \u2013 \u0421.236-246.<\/span><\/li>\n
    11. \u0418\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0411\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0445\u0430\u043b\u049b\u0430\u0440\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u041c\u0430\u043d\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0440 \u0445\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0438 \u049a\u045e\u043b\u0451\u0437\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0440 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438. \u041b\u043e\u0439\u0438\u04b3\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u04b3\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u0428.\u0417\u0438\u0451\u0434\u043e\u0432. \u2013 \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0440\u049b\u0430\u043d\u0434: \u0418\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0411\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0445\u0430\u043b\u049b\u0430\u0440\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0440\u0438\u0451\u0442\u0438, \u2013 \u0411.686.<\/span><\/li>\n
    12. \u041a\u0443\u0440\u0431\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0413. \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435. \u0411\u0443\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430. XIX \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e XX \u0432\u0432. \u2013 \u0422., 2006.<\/span><\/li>\n
    13. Muminov \u0410., Ziyodov Sh. L\u02bchorizon intellectuel d\u02bcun erudit du XVe si\u00e8cle: nouvelles decouvertes sur la biblioth\u00e8que de Muhammad Parsa \/\/ Cahiers d\u02bcAsie centrale, vol. 7 (1999). \u2013 \u0420.77-98.<\/span><\/li>\n
    14. Roberto Tottoli, Maria Luisa Russo et Michele Bernardini. Catalogue of the Islamic Manuscripts from the Kahle collection in the department of oriental studies of the university of Turin istituto per l\u02bcOriente C.A. Nallino & UMR7528 Mondes iranien et indien. \u2013 Rome, 2011. \u2013 549 p. (Series Catalogorum IV-dir. M. Szuppe).<\/span><\/li>\n
    15. Sayid Shodmon xoja Naqshbandiy shajarasi. Qo\u02bblyozma. M.Ubaydullayev xonadonida saqlanadi.<\/span><\/li>\n
    16. Silsilai Naqshbandiya. Qo\u02bblyozma. Buxoro muzey-qo\u02bbriqxonasi fondi, inv: \u2116 13101\/ 1-varaq.<\/span><\/li>\n
    17. Silsilai Naqshbandiya. Qo\u02bblyozma. Buxoro muzey-qo\u02bbriqxonasi fondi, inv: \u2116 11475\/ 1-varaq.<\/span><\/li>\n
    18. \u0425\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0410.\u0411. \u0420\u0443\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u041c\u0443\u0445\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0430 \/\/ \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a 6. \u2013 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433, 1994. \u2013 \u0421.506-519.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      Mexrojiddin AMONOV <\/strong><\/div>\n
      Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi ilmiy xodimi,<\/div>\n
      tarix fanlari bo\u02bbyicha falsafa doktori (Phd), katta ilmiy xodim<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Tarixiy manbalar Markaziy Osiyoning siyosiy, iqtisodiy va madaniy hayotida muhim rol o\u02bbynagan. Bunda Markaziy Osiyoda yaratilgan qo\u02bblyozmalar muhim qiziqish uyg\u02bbotishi tabiiydir. Markaziy Osiyoda yaratilgan qo\u02bblyozmalarni tadqiq etish orqali, aksariyat qo\u02bblyozmalarga muhr bosilgani ayon bo\u2018ldi. Shuningdek, qo\u02bblyozma qaysi bilim dargohi yoki kutubxonaga (madrasa yoki xonaqohga) tegishli ekani haqida muhim ma\u02bclumotga ega bo\u02bbldik. Sfragistika \u2013 (yunon. \u2013 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":34521,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nTARIQATLAR TARIXINI O\u02bcRGANISHDA SFRAGISTIK MATERIALLARNING O\u02bcRNI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"TARIQATLAR TARIXINI O\u02bcRGANISHDA SFRAGISTIK MATERIALLARNING O\u02bcRNI\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=34520&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"TARIQATLAR TARIXINI O\u02bcRGANISHDA SFRAGISTIK MATERIALLARNING O\u02bcRNI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"TARIQATLAR TARIXINI O\u02bcRGANISHDA SFRAGISTIK MATERIALLARNING O\u02bcRNI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=34520&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bukharicenter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-03-18T13:27:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/bukhari_buxoriy2024_12.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"330\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=34520&lang=oz\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=34520&lang=oz\",\"name\":\"TARIQATLAR TARIXINI O\u02bcRGANISHDA SFRAGISTIK MATERIALLARNING O\u02bcRNI - 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