{"id":34222,"date":"2024-02-29T12:35:06","date_gmt":"2024-02-29T07:35:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=34222"},"modified":"2024-02-29T12:46:18","modified_gmt":"2024-02-29T07:46:18","slug":"samarqand-viloyatida-faoliyat-yuritgan-qozilar-va-ularning-turkiston-o%ca%bblkasi-ijtimoiy-siyosiy-hayotida-tutgan-o%ca%bbrni-xix-asr-oxiri-xx-asr-boshlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=34222&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"SAMARQAND VILOYATIDA FAOLIYAT YURITGAN QOZILAR\u00a0 VA ULARNING TURKISTON O\u02bbLKASI IJTIMOIY-SIYOSIY HAYOTIDA TUTGAN O\u02bbRNI (XIX asr oxiri – XX asr boshlari)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Qozi so\u02bbzi arab tilidagi \u201cqazo\u201ddan olingan bo\u02bblib, lug\u02bbaviy ma\u02bcnosi \u201ckesish\u201d, \u201cajratish\u201d va \u201chukm qilish\u201d ma\u02bcnolarini anglatadi. Hanafiy ulamolar ta\u02bcrifiga ko\u02bbra, o\u02bbziga xos yo\u02bbl bilan xusumatlarni ajratish va nizolarni kesish \u201cqazo\u201d deb yuritilgan. Islom dinining kirib kelishi, jamiyat hayotining barcha sohalarining shariat qoidalari asosida tartibga solinishi O\u02bbrta Osiyo hududida ham qozilik mahkamalari paydo bo\u02bblishiga olib keldi. Ular jamiyatda adolatni qaror toptirishning huquqiy kafolatiga aylandi. O\u02bbtgan o\u02bbn ikki asr davomida qozilar faoliyat yuritadigan maskan \u2013 \u201cqozixona\u201dlar \u201cdorul quzzot\u201d, ya\u02bcni adolat dargohi sifatida nom qozondi [21].<\/span><\/p>\n

Samarqandda ham bu davrda qozixonalar faoliyat olib bordi. Bunday qozixonalarga rahbarlik qilish va uning muntazam faoliyatini yo\u02bblga qo\u02bbyishda o\u02bbsha davrning nufuzli va ilmli shaxslari katta rol o\u02bbynagan. Bunday shaxslar faoliyati natijasida yurtda adolat ta\u02bcminlangan. Shu sababdan Samarqand viloyati hududida ish olib borgan qozilar faoliyatini tadqiq etish yurtimiz tarixini yanada mukammal o\u02bbrganish imkonini beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mazkur mavzu yuzasidan bir qancha manba va adabiyotlardan ma\u02bclumot olish mumkin. O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi Markaziy Davlat Arxivi ma\u02bclumotlari, turli yillarda nashr qilingan Samarqand viloyati axborot kitobi (Spravochnaya knijka Samarkandskoy oblasti), shuningdek, dala tadqiqot manbalari sifatida Fazliddin domla Badirov tomonidan aytilgan o\u02bbsha davrga oid hikoyalar shular jumlasidandir. Bunda ayniqsa, O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi Markaziy Davlat Arxivida saqlanayotgan \u201cJumabozor qozilik hujjatlari\u201d muhim ahamiyatga egadir. Mazkur hujjatlar \u201cJumabozor volosti\u201dda qozilar faoliyati to\u02bbg\u02bbrisidagi muhim manba bo\u02bblib, u jami 75 jildga [12] jamlangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samarqand viloyati axborot kitobida esa, XIX asr oxiri va XX asr boshlarida Samarqand viloyatining turli sohalari haqida ma\u02bclumot berilgan. Mazkur kitob turli yillarda, ketma-ket nashr etilgan va undagi ma\u02bclumotlar to\u02bbldirib borilgan. Bundan tashqari, mazkur maqolani tayyorlashda Fazliddin Badirov tomonidan berilgan ma\u02bclumotlar ham muhim ahamiyatga ega bo\u02bblib, ular o\u02bbsha davrda qozi sifatida ish olib borgan Mullo Mirsodiq mullo Mirma\u02bcsum o\u02bbg\u02bbli faoliyati bilan yaqindan tanishish imkonini beradi. Shu bilan birga Samarqand viloyati qozixonalarida faoliyat yuritgan qozilar haqida boshqa adabiyotlarda ham qisman ma\u02bclumotlar berilgan. Bunday adabiyotlar mavzuning u yoki bu qismini yoritishga yordam beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Samarqand viloyatida qozi sifatida faoliyat yuritgan shaxslardan biri Qozi Sayyid Bahodirxon ibn Sayyid Ibrohimxo\u02bbja bo\u02bblib, u ham bu borada katta ishlarni amalga oshirgan. Sayyid Bahodirxon 1860-yilda hozirgi Ishtixon tumanidagi Safoxo\u02bbja qishlog\u02bbida tug\u02bbilgan. Bu maskan o\u02bbsha davrda oilaviy an\u02bcanaga ko\u02bbra, Sayyid Eshonxo\u02bbja naslining tarixiy joyi edi. Uning ota-bobolaridan biri Sayyid Qaroxo\u02bbja Buxoriy akasi Sayyid Abdurahmonxo\u02bbja Buxoriy va kuyovi Muhammad Safoxo\u02bbja (mudarris) bilan ushbu qishloqqa asos solgan edi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ushbu avlod\u00a0\u2013 sayyid-xo\u02bbjalarning qadimiy avlodlaridan biri bo\u02bblib, shajara daftarida Payg\u02bbambarimiz Muhammad (s.a.v)dan Sayyid Bahodirxonning ajdodlaridan 38 ta avlod ma\u02bclum bo\u02bblgan. U otasi tomonidan Solih Ato (Ota) ibn Amir Hasan ibn Burhoniddin Sulaymon al-Qodiriy al-Buxoriy avlodi hisoblanadi. Qozi Bahodirxon avlodlarida saqlanayotgan \u201cNasabnomai sharif\u201d qo\u02bblyozmasida oilaning shajarasi haqidagi ma\u02bclumotlar saqlanib qolgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Otasi Sayyid Ibrohimxo\u02bbja hunarmand, islom ilmidan mutaxassis, shariat muallimi bo\u02bblgan. U o\u02bbg\u02bbliga bolaligidan islom dinini o\u02bbrgatgan. Sayyid Bahodirxonning bobosi va otasi din ilmi va ajdodlari tarixi bo\u02bbyicha keng bilimga ega bo\u02bblgan. Ularning uyida kechalari \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201ddan turli hadislar aytilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sayyid Bahodirxon 12 yoshida Qur\u02bconni yoddan bilgan. U boshlang\u02bbich ta\u02bclimni ota-bobolarining qishloq madrasasida oladi. Madrasadagi barcha kitoblarni qayta o\u02bbqiydi, uyda bo\u02bblgan hamma narsani \u2013 ota-bobolarining arab, fors va turkiy tillarda yozilgan kitoblarini o\u02bbrganadi. O\u02bbqishni Buxorodagi O\u02bbrta Osiyoning mashhur madrasasi Mir Arab madrasasida davom ettirdi. Bu yerda Sayyid Bahodirxon arab va fors tillarini mukammal egallaydi. Islom, tarix, falsafa va fiqhni o\u02bbrganadi, Arastu, Suqrot asarlari bilan tanishadi. Naqshbandiy, Yassaviy, Kubroviy, Ibn Sino kabi donishmandlar ijodini o\u02bbrganadi, she\u02bcriyatini o\u02bbzlashtiradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bundan tashqari, Navoiy, Sheroziy va boshqa ko\u02bbplab buyuk shoir va faylasuflarni ham o\u02bbrganadi. U o\u02bbsha paytda mashhur bo\u02bblgan Mir Arab madrasasida o\u02bbqib, mudarris bosh muallimi bo\u02bbladi. Ajoyib bilim, kuchli ilmiy salohiyat Sayyid Bahodirxonga 1895-yilda Ishtixon tumani qozilik lavozimini egallash imkonini berdi. Mir Arab madrasasi va Safoxo\u02bbja qishlog\u02bbida joylashgan qishloq madrasasida ham dars bergan.<\/span><\/p>\n

XIX asr oxiriga kelib hanafiy mazhabi tarafdori Eshon Bahodirxon Samarqand viloyatidagi nufuzli olimlardan biriga aylandi. U islom, shariat, fiqh va naqshbandiya ta\u02bclimotini targ\u02bbib qilishda faol ishtirok etgan. 1911-yilda o\u02bbz jamg\u02bbarmasiga Ishtixon markazida shahar bozorining sharqiy tomonida katta xonaqoh qurdirdi. Xonaqohda namoz o\u02bbqish, yig\u02bbinlar va zikr kabi amallar uchun foydalanadigan masjid, kutubxona va zikrxonalar bo\u02bblgan. Hujralar zikrxona atrofida joylashgan edi. Ayni paytda xonaqoh o\u02bbrnida \u201cIshtixon dehqon bozori\u201d markaziy shahar bozori joylashgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qozi Sayyid Bahodirxon 1916-yil vafotigacha qozilik qildi. Umrining so\u02bbnggi yillarida o\u02bbzi tug\u02bbilib o\u02bbsgan Ishtixon tumanidagi Safoxo\u02bbja qishlog\u02bbida yashab, Safoxo\u02bbja qabristoniga dafn etilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rossiya imperiyasi o\u02bblkani zabt etgach, bu yerda o\u02bbzining boshqaruv uslubini joriy qildi. Samarqandda ham bunday ishlar amalga oshirildi. Xususan, bu yerda Samarqand uyezdi tashkil etilib, Jumabozor volostga aylantirildi. Ammo bu davrda bir qancha sabablar tufayli bu davrda volost boshqaruvida qozilik lavozimi saqlanib qoldi. Butun o\u02bblkada bo\u02bblgani singari Jumabozor volostida ham bu davrda qozilik lavozimi faoliyat ko\u02bbrsatdi. M.Virskiy va V.Vyatkin bergan ma\u02bclumotlarga ko\u02bbra, volost tarkibida Elpak, Talli ota, Bog\u02bbizag\u02bbon, Sari Osiyo, Payshanbasiyob [9:44-45], Rabot, Darg\u02bbom, Uzun [10:302], Yastepa, Navzandak, Shoxkash, Shopo\u02bblot va Adas [11:50] kabi qishloqlar mavjud edi. Mazkur qishloqlar volost qozilik mahkamasining faoliyat hududi hisoblangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jumabozor volost sifatida tashkil etilgandan boshlab qisqa tanaffus bilan (1884-yil o\u02bbrtalaridan 1887-yil avgustga qadar mullo Muhammad Vali xoja ibn Oftob xoja qozilik qilgan) hijriy 1306\/1888-yil oxirlarigacha mullo Qozixoja ibn Qozi Mulloxoja qozi sifatida faoliyat ko\u02bbrsatadi. U o\u02bbz faoliyati davrida xalq manfaati uchun ko\u02bbplab ishlarni amalga oshirgan. Bu esa hudud aholisi orasida adolatni ta\u02bcminlash ishlarida muhim ahamiyatga ega bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

1888-1889-yildan mazkur volostda qozi lavozimida faoliyat ko\u02bbrsatgan mullo Mir Ma\u02bcsum ibn Xalifa Muhammad davrida ham bu boradagi ishlar davom ettirildi. Jumladan, bu davrda xalq tomonidan bildirilayotgan shikoyat va e\u02bctirozlarni o\u02bbrganish va ularga adolatli yechim topish ishlari qattiq nazoratga olinadi. Har bir ishda shariat ko\u02bbrsatmalariga qat\u02bciy rioya qilish talab qilinadi. Rossiya imperiyasi hukmronligi sharoitida mustamlakachilik zulmidan aziyat chekayotgan aholi uchun bunday ishlarni amalga oshirish albatta katta jasoratni talab qilar edi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rossiya imperiyasi mustamlakachilari quyi boshqaruv organlariga mahalliy millat vakillarini tayinlagan. Bu bilan ular mahalliy xalqni ularning qo\u02bbli bilan idora qilishni maqsad qilgan. Jumabozor volostida ham shu holatni kuzatish mumkin. Xususan, volostni 1894-yilda mullo Sulton G\u02bboipov boshqargan bo\u02bblsa, mullo Buzrug xoja Avliyo Xoja Mirakoniy esa bu davrda qozi sifatida faoliyat yuritgan [7:8-9]. 1903-1904-yillarda Rahmonqulibek Haydarbekov, 1904 va 1907-yillarda Mahmud Abdujabborov [5:18], 1905-yilda Ahmad Xudoynazarov [4] va boshqalar ham volost boshlig\u02bbi lavozimida faoliyat yuritgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yuqorida ta\u02bckidlanganidek, qozi lavozimi ham bu davrda muhim hisoblangan va ushbu mansabga mustamlakachi ma\u02bcmurlar mahalliy xalq vakillarini tayinlashga majbur bo\u02bblgan. Xususan, bu davrda Jumabozor volosti xalq sudyasi (qozi) lavozimida avval mullo Mir Muqaddas ibn mullo Mir Saidg\u02bbani (1897, 1903 \u2013 1908) [8:99-103] va so\u02bbngra mullo Mirsodiq ibn mullo Mirma\u02bcsum (1909) [6:82] kabi qozilar sud va adliya ishlarini yuritgan. Bu xaqda O\u02bbzMDA fondida saqlanayotgan \u201cJumabozor qozilik hujjatlari\u201d [20:171] da batafsil ma\u02bclumot berib o\u02bbtilgan. Ushbu hujjatda Jumabozor, uning atrofidagi qishloq va shaharlarning qadimiy joylashgan o\u02bbrni, iqtisodiy salohiyati, o\u02bbzaro savdo va mulkchilik munosabatlari haqida qimmatli ma\u02bclumotlar keltirilgan. Quyida keltirilgan qozilik hujjatlarida mavjud yozishma namunalari qozilik faoliyati haqida yanada kengroq ma\u02bclumot olish imkonini beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u201cSana (hijriy) 1306\/1888-yil 7-rabbius soniy\/ 22 noyabr oyi dushanba kunida Jumabozor volostini Qarmish qishlog\u02bbidan Boy qassob (57 yosh) Davlat Muhammad o\u02bbg\u02bbli dorul qozig\u02bba kelib, mazkur qishloqdagi 5 tanob yerning chor-yak tanobini, qiblasi Abul Fath Maxdum, shimoli Mengliboy Mirzoqul o\u02bbg\u02bblini yeri, Sharq taraf shimoli Vali, janubi Boy qassobni(ng) Ushbu hududni Xo\u02bbjamurod Badalbiy o\u02bbg\u02bblig\u02bba mablag\u02bb 80 so\u02bbm badalig\u02bba bay\u02bc qat\u02bciy bilan sotganligi sababi shariat bo\u02bbyincha durust, deb vasiqa yozib, Jumabozor qozisi Qozi Mullo Qozixoja Mulloxoja o\u02bbg\u02bbli qo\u02bblum qo\u02bbydum, deb \u201cQozi Mullo Qozixoja\u201d yozuvli muhr urilgan, \u201cMiftohiddin xo\u02bbja, Sobirboy Alim o\u02bbg\u02bbli\u201d [19:21] guvohligi keltirilgan.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. \u201cSana (hijriy) 1305\/1888-yil sha\u02bcbon\/ 19-aprel oyinda Xo\u02bbjaqishloq Urgutdan Akobirxo\u02bbja va Muhammad Siddiqxo\u02bbja Abdurazzoqxo\u02bbja bolalari dorulqozig\u02bba hozir kelib, Jumabozor volosini Qarmish qishlog\u02bbidan o\u02bbn tanob yerlarini Jumabozorg\u02bba turuvchi Mirzo Abul Fath ibn Mirzo Abul Hasan o\u02bbg\u02bblig\u02bba mablag\u02bb 90 so\u02bbmni badalig\u02bba bay\u02bc qat\u02bciy bilan sotganlari sababi shariatg\u02bba muvofiq, deb, vasiqa yozib, Jumabozor qozisi qo\u02bblum qo\u02bbydim, deb \u201cQozi Mullo Qozixoja\u201d yozuvli muhr urilgan, \u201cMusavvar xo\u02bbja, Miftohiddin xo\u02bbja Abdulloh xo\u02bbja o\u02bbg\u02bbli\u201d [19:43] guvohligi keltirilgan.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. \u201c…Jumabozor qishlog\u02bbidan Normuhammad, Xo\u02bbjamdod, Oyimbibi Holmuhammadboy avlodlari 2 tanob yerni Rustamboy Egamberdi o\u02bbg\u02bblig\u02bba 70 tangani badalig\u02bba qat\u02bciy qilib sotgan…\u201d [14:55]<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. \u201c…Nazarboy usto Karimberdi o\u02bbg\u02bbli hovlisini 130 tangag\u02bba Xudoynazarboy Bekmurodboy o\u02bbg\u02bblig\u02bba sotgan…\u201d [14:55]<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. \u201c…Boboyor valadi Ernazarbekka Mir Zohir amin etib tayinlandi…\u201d [16:107].<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. \u201c…Yo\u02bbldoshboy Tursunboy o\u02bbg\u02bbli o\u02bbzining 3 tanob bog\u02bbini Tursunboy Pahlavon Xudoynazar Pahlavon o\u02bbg\u02bblig\u02bba 26 so\u02bbm badalig\u02bba muddat o\u02bbn oyg\u02bbacha sotgan…\u201d [17:80].<\/span><\/li>\n
  7. \u201c…Jo\u02bbrabiy Rahim eshon o\u02bbg\u02bbli hovlisini Tursunboy Pahlavon Xudoynazar Pahlavon o\u02bbg\u02bblig\u02bba 26 so\u02bbm badalig\u02bba o\u02bbn oyg\u02bbacha sotgan…\u201d [17:73].<\/span><\/li>\n
  8. \u201c…To\u02bbxtamishbiy Eshmuhammad So\u02bbfi o\u02bbg\u02bbli Abduxalil Abdujamil o\u02bbg\u02bblidan qarz olgani haqida…\u201d [17:23].<\/span><\/li>\n
  9. \u201c…Jumabozor volostig\u02bba qarag\u02bbon Xo\u02bbjaqishloqdan Sharifxo\u02bbja Muhammad Latifxo\u02bbja o\u02bbg\u02bbli 260 tangani badalig\u02bba 5 tanob yerni Abdullohga sotdi…\u201d [15:400].<\/span><\/li>\n
  10. \u201c…Navqaslik saodatpanoh Musoxoja muftiy eshon Shirinxoja o\u02bbg\u02bbli 5,5 tanob yerni Mir Said Amin Muhammad Shokir o\u02bbg\u02bblig\u02bba 164 so\u02bbm badalig\u02bba sotgan…\u201d [18:397].<\/span><\/li>\n
  11. \u201c…Muhammad Solihbiy Eshbiy oqsoqol o\u02bbg\u02bbli 24 tanob yerni Bobojonbiy Qo\u02bbchqorbiy o\u02bbg\u02bblig\u02bba 180 so\u02bbm badalig\u02bba sotgan…\u201d [17:79].<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Ushbu qozilik hujjatlarida yuqorida berilgan iqtisodiy-mulkiy munosabatlarga oid ishlardan tashqari, ijtimoiy masalalar ham ko\u02bbrib chiqilgan. Bu esa, qozilik mahkamasi faoliyatining qamrovi keng bo\u02bblganidan dalolat beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Shu o\u02bbrinda yuqorida nomlari zikr etilgan qozilar, ularning hayoti va faoliyati to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida ham ma\u02bclumot berish maqsadga muvofiqdir. Xususan, mullo Qozixoja ibn qozi Mulloxoja o\u02bbz zamonasining yetuk ilm sohiblaridan biri bo\u02bblgan, qozilik lavozimida ishlab, shar\u02bciy fatvolar bergan. Bundan uning \u201cMuftiy\u201d bo\u02bblganini ham tushunish mumkin. Ushbu ma\u02bclumotni nafaqat mahalliy aholi, balki tarixiy hujjatlar ham tasdiqlaydi [2:380-381]. Fuzaloi ulamo, mudarris, qozi mullo Qozixo\u02bbja ibn Mulloxo\u02bbja Samarqandiy 1328 (1909) yil boshlarida[1]<\/a> vafot etgan. Bu inson mashhur \u201cImom\u201d qabristonida, ya\u02bcni \u201cImom Faxriddin\u201d mozoriga dafn etilgan[2]<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Bu davrda qozilik lavozimida faoliyat yuritgan Mullo Mir Muqaddas ibn mullo Mir Saidg\u02bbani esa qozilik faoliyati bilan birga muftiylik lavozimida ham ish olib borgan. Chunki uning muhrida \u201cMullo Muqaddas muftiy ibn qozi mullo Sayid G\u02bbani muftiy\u201d deb ko\u02bbrsatilgan. Ushbu \u201cmuhr\u201d bir necha fatvo hujjatlariga urilgan bo\u02bblib, ular hozirgi kunda Samarqand muzey-qo\u02bbriqxonasida saqlanmoqda [2:380-381].<\/span><\/p>\n

    Shu o\u02bbrinda Mullo Mirsodiq mullo Mirma\u02bcsum o\u02bbg\u02bbli haqida ham ma\u02bclumot berish joiz. Bu inson 1867-yil [3:1]da hozirgi Ayni tumaniga qarashli Tumin qishlog\u02bbida dunyoga kelgan bo\u02bblib, otasi Mullo Mirma\u02bcsum ibn Xalifa Muhammad madrasa ta\u02bclimini olgan va bir necha yil qozilik lavozimida ham faoliyat ko\u02bbrsatgan ilm ahlidan edi. Yosh Mirsodiq Samarqand madrasalarida mullo Sharif mullo Rahmat o\u02bbg\u02bbli, mullo Ahmad mullo Rahim o\u02bbg\u02bbli bilan birga tahsil oladi [3:2].<\/span><\/p>\n

    Uning mullo Umar [1:16] ismli ukasi (uning o\u02bbg\u02bbli Burxon, uning o\u02bbg\u02bbli Sayfiddin (uning o\u02bbg\u02bbillari Shahobiddin, Shavkat, Shokir, Sherzod), Qamariddin (uning o\u02bbg\u02bbli Nurali, Samariddin, Nurillo, O\u02bblmas), Shamsiddin (uning o\u02bbg\u02bbli Isomiddin va Ulug\u02bbbek) va Mirhomid ismli amakivachchasi (uning o\u02bbg\u02bbli qozi Amin, uning o\u02bbg\u02bbli mullo Sirojiddinlar) bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Qozi Mirsodiqning Munavvar ismli qizi va Badirxon (uning o\u02bbg\u02bbli Fazliddin, uning o\u02bbg\u02bbillari Firdavs va Shahobiddin) ismli o\u02bbg\u02bbli bo\u02bblgan. Keyinchalik qozi Mirsodiq Chor imperiyasi tazyiqiga uchrab, yaqin do\u02bbst va birodarlari taklifiga ko\u02bbra, 1914-yilda Shahrisabzga ketgan. U yerda dastlab masjidga imom, so\u02bbngra madrasada ilmi nujum \u2013 falakiyotdan dars beradi va o\u02bbsha yerda 1918-yilda vafot etadi. Yuqoridagi ma\u02bclumotlardan shu narsa ayon bo\u02bbladiki, Samarqand viloyati hududida, xususan, Jumabozor volostida faoliyat yuritgan qozilarning yurtda obro\u02bbsi baland bo\u02bblib, hudud ijtimoiy-siyosiy hayotida katta o\u02bbrin tutgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Yuqorida keltirilgan ma\u02bclumotlardan xulosa qilganda, Samarqand hududida qozilik va qozixonalar shariat ko\u02bbrsatmalari asosida faoliyat olib borar edi. Islom dini asoslari bilan uyg\u02bbunlashgan bunday mahkamalarda aholi shikoyatlari qabul qilinar va har bir ish bo\u02bbyicha tegishli hukm chiqarilar edi. Qozixonalar faoliyatining samarali bo\u02bblishi va adolatning ta\u02bcminlanishida o\u02bbsha mahkamada faoliyat yurituvchi qozilarning bilimi, ilmiy salohiyati katta rol o\u02bbynagan. Samarqandda faoliyat yuritgan Qozi Sayyid Bahodirxon, Qozi mullo Qozixo\u02bbja ibn Mulloxo\u02bbja Samarqandiy\u00a0 va boshqa o\u02bbz davrining yetuk qozilari bu borada katta ishlarni amalga oshirgan va xalq hurmatiga sazovor bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar:<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    \n
      \n
    1. Amonov M. Jumabozor. \u2013 , 2014.<\/span><\/li>\n
    2. A Catalogue of arabic-script\u00a0 documents from the Samarqand museum. Under the direction of\u00a0 Jurgen Paul, Shahun Mustafoyev and Bahrom Abduhalimov. \u2013 Samarqand-Istanbul.,<\/span><\/li>\n
    3. Dala tadqiqot manbalari. Respondent Fazliddin domla Badirov (87 yoshda). 2013-yil. 1-varaq 1-bet) Mazkur avlod vakili Fazliddin domla 1865-yil deb qayd etgan. Ammo O\u02bbzMDA fondida I-20, 1-ro\u02bbyxat, 6-ishda 1893-yilgi Samarqand imom va mullolari ro\u02bbyxati keltirilgan. Hujjatda mullo Mirsodiq 26 yoshda ekani qayd etilgan. Mana shu asosida mazkur sana qayd et<\/span><\/li>\n
    4. Qo\u02bbl. O\u02bbzbekcha. Esanov Muhammad Qosim. 1972. 2 sahifa. M.sh.k.<\/span><\/li>\n
    5. Spravochnaya adresa kalendar Samarkandskoy oblasti. 1904.<\/span><\/li>\n
    6. Spravochnaya adresa kalendar Samarkandskoy oblasti. V\u044bp. IX. 1909.<\/span><\/li>\n
    7. Spravochnaya knijka Samarkandskoy oblasti. V\u044bp. I. 1893. 10 str., V\u044bp. II. 1894.<\/span><\/li>\n
    8. Spravochnaya knijka Samarkandskoy oblasti. V\u044bp. V. 1903.<\/span><\/li>\n
    9. Spravochn\u044bya i Statisticheskiya svediniya Samarkandskoy oblast. Spravochnaya knijka Samarkandskoy oblasti. V\u044bp. II. 1894.<\/span><\/li>\n
    10. Spravochn\u044bya i Statisticheskiya svediniya Samarkandskoy oblast. Spravochnaya knijka Samarkandskoy oblasti. V\u044bp. VI. 1896.<\/span><\/li>\n
    11. Spravochn\u044bya i Statisticheskiya svediniya Samarkandskoy oblast. Spravochnaya knijka Samarkandskoy oblasti. V\u044bp. IX. 1907.<\/span><\/li>\n
    12. O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi Markaziy Davlat Arxivi (bundan keyin \u2013 O\u02bbzMDA) Fond-377, ro\u02bbyxat-1, ish \u2013 1-75. Knigi dlya zapisi resheniy kaznya DJumabzarskogo uchastka Samarkandskogo uyezda i oblasti. 1878-1916 g.<\/span><\/li>\n
    13. O\u02bbzMDA fondi I-20, 1-ro\u02bbyxat, 6-ish. Samarqand imom va mullolari ro\u02bbyxati. 282-bet, yana Mirsodiq avlodidan bo\u02bblgan Fazliddin domla bizga yozib bergan ma\u02bclumotiga ko\u02bbra Buxoroda Sadriddin Ayniy va Eshoni To\u02bbg\u02bbral Naqibxonlar bilan ham 6-yil mobaynida ilm olganligi ta\u02bckidlanadi (Eshoni To\u02bbg\u02bbral Naqibxon qozi Mirsodiqning bobosi xalifa Muhammad nabirasiga, ya\u02bcni Eshoni Ko\u02bbchalning singlisiga uylangan). Shuningdek, Mirsodiq va mulla Sharif 1914-yilda Sherdor madrasasida ta\u02bclim olganligi aytiladi. Ammo manbalarda bu ancha yil oldin ekanligi ko\u02bbrib o\u02bbtildi. Dala tadqiqot manbalari. Respondent Fazliddin domla Badirov (87 yoshda). 2013-yil. 1-varaq 2-bet.<\/span><\/li>\n
    14. O\u02bbzMDA Fond-377, 1-ro\u02bbyxat, 2-ish.<\/span><\/li>\n
    15. O\u02bbzMDA Fond-377, 1-ro\u02bbyxat, 5-ish.<\/span><\/li>\n
    16. O\u02bbzMDA Fond-377, 1-ro\u02bbyxat, 9-ish.<\/span><\/li>\n
    17. O\u02bbzMDA Fond-377, 1-ro\u02bbyxat, 13-ish.<\/span><\/li>\n
    18. O\u02bbzMDA Fond-377, 1-ro\u02bbyxat, 14-ish.<\/span><\/li>\n
    19. O\u02bbzMDA Fond-377, 1-ro\u02bbyxat, 18-ish.<\/span><\/li>\n
    20. O\u02bbzMDA. Fond-377, 1-ro\u02bbyxat, 25-ish.<\/span><\/li>\n
    21. https:\/\/yuz.uz\/news\/buxoroning-qadimiy-qozixonalari-qayta-tiklanmoqda<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
      [1]<\/a> Mazkur ma\u02bclumotni mullo Qozixoja qabriga qo\u02bbyilgan qabrtoshdan oldik, qabrtoshda \u201c1327-yil zulhijja oyining oxiri \u2013 1328-yil\u201d ekanligi ta\u02bckidlangan. Shuning uchun biz hijriy 1328\/1909-yil sanasini keltirdik.<\/span><\/div>\n
      [2]<\/a> Mahalliy aholining aytishicha qozi Mullo Qozixojani dastlab Jumabozor janubidagi Do\u02bbngqishloq qabristoniga dafn etilgan, bir necha yildan keyin noma\u02bclum sabablarga ko\u02bbra ul zotning qabri hozirgi o\u02bbrniga ko\u02bbchirilgan.<\/span><\/div>\n
      Shodiyor ALIMOV<\/strong>,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
      Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi <\/strong>bo\u02bblim boshlig\u02bbi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Qozi so\u02bbzi arab tilidagi \u201cqazo\u201ddan olingan bo\u02bblib, lug\u02bbaviy ma\u02bcnosi \u201ckesish\u201d, \u201cajratish\u201d va \u201chukm qilish\u201d ma\u02bcnolarini anglatadi. Hanafiy ulamolar ta\u02bcrifiga ko\u02bbra, o\u02bbziga xos yo\u02bbl bilan xusumatlarni ajratish va nizolarni kesish \u201cqazo\u201d deb yuritilgan. Islom dinining kirib kelishi, jamiyat hayotining barcha sohalarining shariat qoidalari asosida tartibga solinishi O\u02bbrta Osiyo hududida ham qozilik mahkamalari paydo bo\u02bblishiga olib keldi. …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":34228,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nSAMARQAND VILOYATIDA FAOLIYAT YURITGAN QOZILAR\u00a0 VA ULARNING TURKISTON O\u02bbLKASI IJTIMOIY-SIYOSIY HAYOTIDA TUTGAN O\u02bbRNI (XIX asr oxiri - XX asr boshlari) - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"SAMARQAND VILOYATIDA FAOLIYAT YURITGAN QOZILAR\u00a0 VA ULARNING TURKISTON O\u02bbLKASI IJTIMOIY-SIYOSIY HAYOTIDA TUTGAN O\u02bbRNI (XIX asr oxiri - XX asr boshlari)\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=34222&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SAMARQAND VILOYATIDA FAOLIYAT YURITGAN QOZILAR\u00a0 VA ULARNING TURKISTON O\u02bbLKASI IJTIMOIY-SIYOSIY HAYOTIDA TUTGAN O\u02bbRNI (XIX asr oxiri - 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