{"id":31946,"date":"2023-10-23T08:30:13","date_gmt":"2023-10-23T03:30:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=31946"},"modified":"2023-10-20T15:31:02","modified_gmt":"2023-10-20T10:31:02","slug":"miyonqol-roviylari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=31946&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"MIYONQOL ROVIYLARI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zarafshon daryosi o\u02bbrta oqimida Oqdaryo va Qoradaryoga ajralib, quyi oqimida yana birlashgan. O\u02bbrta asrga oid yozma manbalarda bu ikki daryo oralig\u02bbidagi yerlar Miyonqol deb atalgan. Amir Temur va temuriylar, undan keyingi davrlarda Miyonqol hududi \u201cSug\u02bbudi Xurd\u201d \u2013 \u201cKichik Sug\u02bbd\u201d yoki \u201cYarim Sug\u02bbd\u201d, Oqdaryo shimolidagi yerlar, to Nurota tog\u02bb tizmalarigacha bo\u02bblgan joylar esa \u201cSug\u02bbudi Kalon\u201d \u2013 \u201cKatta Sug\u02bbd\u201d deb atalgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

X-XI asrlarda Miyonqoldagi Ishtixon, Kushoniya shaharlarida o\u02bbziga xos hadis maktablari shakllangan. Ularga tobe bo\u02bblgan Razmoz, Fayy, Rustug\u02bbfan va Zor kabi qishloqlarda ilm-fan va madaniyat yuksak darajada rivojlangan. Bu yerlardan yetishib chiqqan allomalar Payg\u02bbambarimiz sollalohu alayhi vasallamning hadislarini teran o\u02bbrganib, kitobat va rivoyat qilish orqali keyingi avlodga yetkazishda katta ilmiy jasorat ko\u02bbrsatgan. Buning tasdig\u02bbi sifatida manbalarda nomlari zikr etilgan o\u02bbnlab hadis roviylari va faqihlarni keltirish mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Quyida ularning ba\u02bczilarini qisqacha tavsiflab, tanishtirib o\u02bbtamiz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abu Abbos Fazl ibn Ahmad ibn Ismoil ibn Abdurahmon Maznaviy Miyonqoliy.<\/strong>\u00a0Ishtixon bilan Samarqand orasidagi Maznavo qishlog\u02bbida tavallud topgan. Aksar manbalarda Abu Abbos Maznaviy deb zikr qilingan. Maznavo qishlog\u02bbi Miyonqol hududida joylashgani bois keyingi davr manbalarida Abu Abbos Miyonqoliy deb ham keltirilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abu Abbos Miyonqoliy hadis ilmi bo\u02bbyicha ta\u02bclimni Ali ibn Xashram va Abu Said Ashaj kabi o\u02bbz davrining taniqli roviylaridan olgan. Undan esa Muhammad ibn Ja\u02bcfar Kabuznajakasiy, Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Albo\u02bc Xuzoiy Samarqandiy kabi roviylar ta\u02bclim olgan va hadis rivoyat qilgan[1]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abu Ibrohim Hamdavayh ibn Qutn ibn Farazdaq ibn Tarxon Salamiy Ishtixoniy.<\/strong>\u00a0IX asr oxiri \u2013 X asr boshlarida yashab o\u02bbtgan. Najmiddin Umar Nasafiyning \u201cAl-Qand fi zikri ulamoi Samarqand\u201d (\u201cSamarqand allomalari haqida (qanddek) shirin kitob\u201d) asarida Hamduya deb ham keltirilgan[2]<\/sup><\/a>. Ta\u02bclimni asosan Abu Yazid ibn Ismoil Attor Samarqandiydan olgan va undan hadis rivoyat qilgan[3]<\/sup><\/a>. O\u02bbzi esa katta o\u02bbg\u02bbli Ibrohim ibn Hamdavayh ibn Qutn Ishtixoniyga ustozlik qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Allomaning farzandu nabiralari ham zamonasining taniqli roviylari bo\u02bblgan. Ularga Hamdavayhning ismi nisbat qilib berilib, bu silsila tarix sahifalaridan \u201cHamdavayhiy\u201d nisbasi bilan o\u02bbrin olgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ulardan biri\u00a0Ibrohim ibn Hamdavayh ibn Qutn Ishtixoniy<\/strong>. Boshlang\u02bbich ta\u02bclimni otasidan olgan. Keyinchalik Abu Ali Sukkoniy va Abu Abdulloh Nuh ibn Janoh Mojirmiy kabi allomalardan dars olgan va hadis rivoyat qilgan[4]<\/sup><\/a>. Manbalarda undan Abu Muhammad Nasr ibn Hamdavayh Kamarjiy Sug\u02bbdiy hadislarni Muhammad ibn Muso Sug\u02bbdiy vositasida rivoyat qilgani keltirilgan[5]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hamdavayhiy nisbasi bilan mashhur bo\u02bblgan allomalardan yana biri\u00a0Abu Hasan Hamdavayhiydir.<\/strong>\u00a0To\u02bbliq ismi \u2013 Abulhasan Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Nasr ibn Muhammad ibn Ibrohim ibn Hamdavayh ibn Qatan ibn Farazdaq ibn Tarxon Salamiy Hamdavayhiy Ishtixoniy. 411\/1020 yili Ishtixonda tavallud topgan. Xalq orasida Abulhasan Ishtixoniy nomi bilan ham mashhur bo\u02bblgan. Hadis ilmini Shayx Abu Muhammad Abdulmalik ibn Abdurahmon Asiriy kabi o\u02bbz davrining mashhur roviylaridan o\u02bbrgangan. U \u201cShayx\u201d va \u201cImom\u201d rutbalariga sazovor bo\u02bblgan. Undan Umar ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad Nasafiy (461\/1069-537\/1142) kabi allomalar ta\u02bclim olgan va hadis rivoyat qilgan[6]<\/sup><\/a>. Abdulkarim Sam\u02bconiyning \u201cAnsob\u201d (\u201cNasablar\u201d) va Abu Abdulloh ibn Mandah Asbahoniyning \u201cTarix\u201d asarlarida keltirilishicha, Xatib Abulhasan Ishtixoniy 524\/1130 yili zulqa\u02bcda oyining boshlarida, 113 yoshida, Ishtixonda vafot etgan[7]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u201cAl-Qand fi zikri ulamoi Samarqand\u201d asarida Abulhasan Ishtixoniy tomonidan rivoyat qilingan mana bu hadis keltirilgan: Jobir ibn Abdulloh Ansoriydan rivoyat qilinadi: \u201cRasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam:\u00a0\u201cDarhaqiqat, Qur\u02bcon tilovat qiluvchi kishining mustajob\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>(ijobat)\u00a0bo\u02bbladigan bir duosi bor. Duo qiluvchi kishi undan, istasa, bu dunyoda, istasa oxiratda foydalanishi mumkin\u201d<\/strong><\/em>, dedilar\u201d, dedi\u201d[8]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ja\u02bcfar ibn Jobir ibn Qarqon Razmoziy Sug\u02bbdiy.<\/strong>\u00a0Aksar manbalarda Abu Bakr Razmoziy deb keltirilgan. Abu Abdulloh Yoqut Hamaviyning \u201cMo\u02bbjamul buldon\u201d kitobida keltirilishicha, Abu Bakr Razmoziy hadis ilmini Hasan ibn Sohib Shoshiy, Abu Naim Abdulmalik ibn Muhammad ibn Adiy Astarboziy va Zohir ibn Abdulloh ibn Husayn Sug\u02bbdiy kabi ustozlardan o\u02bbrgangan. Undan esa hofiz Abu Sa\u02bcd ibn Abdurahmon ibn Muhammad Idrisiy va Abu Hafs Umar ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad Shohiniy kabi roviylar hadis tinglagan va rivoyat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u201cAnsob\u201dda qayd etilishicha, Abu Bakr Razmoziy 377\/987 yoki 379\/989 yili vafot etgan[9]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fayy ham Ishtixon shahriga qarashli yirik qishloqlardan biri bo\u02bblib, Ishtixon bilan Kushoniya oralig\u02bbida joylashgan. Bu yerdan Sarob Fayyiy kabi roviylar yetishib chiqqan. U dastlabki ta\u02bclimni ona qishlog\u02bbidagi olimlardan olgan. Keyinchalik Buxoroga borib, buyuk muhaddis Abu Abdulloh Muhammad ibn Ismoil Buxoriydan hadis tinglagan va yozib olgan. Undan Abu Abdurahmon Abdulloh ibn Sahl va Shayx Muhammad ibn Hasan Samarqandiy kabi roviylar ta\u02bclim olgan va hadis rivoyat qilgan. Allomaning tavallud va vafot etgan yillari manbalarda qayd etilmagan. Ammo ustozi Abu Abdulloh Muhammad ibn Ismoil Buxoriy 810-870 yillarda yashagani ma\u02bclum. Shunga asoslanib, Sarob Fayyiy IX asrda yashab o\u02bbtgan, deb aytish mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u201cAl-Qand fi zikri ulamoi Samarqand\u201dda Sarob Fayyiy Muhammad ibn Ismoil Buxoriydan rivoyat qilgan quyidagi hadis keltirilgan: Fayyiy: \u201cMuhammad ibn Ismoil Buxoriydan eshitdim\u201d, dedi. U: \u201cAli ibn Madiniydan eshitdim\u201d, dedi. U: \u201cSufyon ibn Uyaynadan eshitdim\u201d, dedi. \u201cU: \u201cAlbatta, Alloh taolo imondan oldin ilmga buyurib, bunday marhamat qiladi:\u00a0\u201cBas, bilgin: Allohdan o\u02bbzga ibodatga sazovor zot yo\u02bbq\u201d<\/strong>[10]<\/sup><\/a>, dedi\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ushbu oyatda\u00a0\u201cAllohdan o\u02bbzga ibodatga sazovor zot yo\u02bbq\u201d\u00a0<\/strong>so\u02bbzlaridan oldin\u00a0\u201cBilgin\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0deb xitob qilinishi aqida ilmida bilim zarurligiga ta\u02bckiddir. Bu ishda ko\u02bbr-ko\u02bbrona birovga taqlid qilish foyda bermaydi. Demak,\u00a0\u201cAllohdan o\u02bbzga ibodatga sazovor zot yo\u02bbq\u201d,<\/strong>\u00a0deb e\u02bctiqod qilish, albatta, to\u02bbg\u02bbri va mustahkam bilim asosida bo\u02bblsagina maqsadga muvofiq bo\u02bbladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rustug\u02bbfan qishlog\u02bbi manbalarda Rastag\u02bbfar, Rustag\u02bbfar, Rustug\u02bbfar va Rustug\u02bbfan deb keltirilgan.\u00a0Abulhasan Rustug\u02bbfaniy<\/strong>\u00a0shu qishloqdan yetishib chiqqan olimlar jumlasidan bo\u02bblib, to\u02bbliq ismi \u2013 Abulhasan Ali ibn Said Rustug\u02bbfaniy. Tavallud sanasi noma\u02bclum. Vafot etgan yili haqidagi ma\u02bclumotlar turlicha keltirilgan. Jumladan, Xayriddin Zirikliyning \u201cA\u02bclom\u201d kitobida 345\/956 yil deb ko\u02bbrsatilgan bo\u02bblsa[12]<\/sup><\/a>, Komilxon Kattayevning \u201cSamarqandning buyuk allomalari\u201d kitobida 350\/961 yil deb qayd etilgan\u00a0[13]<\/sup><\/a>. Abulhasan Rustug\u02bbfaniy Samarqandning mashhur shayxi va hanafiy mazhabining yirik faqihi bo\u02bblgan. Uning \u201cIrshodul muhtadiy\u201d (\u201cHidoyatga boshlovchi qo\u02bbllanma\u201d) va \u201cZavoid va favoid fi anvoil ilm\u201d (\u201cIlm navlaridagi qo\u02bbshimcha va foydali (narsa)lar\u201d) kabi asarlarni yozgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIrshodul muhtadiy\u201d aqidaviy masalalarga bag\u02bbishlangan. Alloma vafotidan qariyb yuz yil keyin yashagan taniqli olim Abulmuin Nasafiy o\u02bbzining kalom ilmiga oid \u201cTabsirotul adilla\u201d (\u201cDalillar tilga kirganda\u201d) asarining bir necha o\u02bbrinlarida mazkur asardan iqtiboslar keltirgan. Abdulhay Laknaviyning yozishicha, \u201cZavoid va favoid fi anvoil ilm\u201d turli ilmlar tasnifi(klassifikatsiyasi)ga bag\u02bbishlangan bo\u02bblib, bu sohaga oid yozgan dastlabki asarlardan biri hisoblangan[14]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Rustug\u02bbfaniy buyuk mutakallim Imom Moturidiyning yaqin va iste\u02bcdodli shogirdi bo\u02bblgan. U kalom ilmi borasida o\u02bbz davrining yetuk olimi bo\u02bblish bilan birga, fiqh (islom qonunshunosligi) borasida ham mustaqil fikr yuritadigan mujtahid maqomiga yetishgan. Manbalarda Abulhasan Rustug\u02bbfaniy bilan ustozi Abu Mansur Moturidiy o\u02bbrtasida fiqhiy masalalarda qizg\u02bbin bahsu munozaralar bo\u02bblib turgani qayd etilgan. Jumladan, arab tarixchisi Muhiddin Qurashiyning \u201cJavohirul muziyya fi tabaqotil hanafiyya\u201d kitobida ba\u02bczi ijtihodiy masalasida ular o\u02bbrtasida turli qarashlar mavjud bo\u02bblgani yozib qoldirilgan[15]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abulhasan Rustug\u02bbfaniy haqidagi ma\u02bclumotlar Abdulkarim Sam\u02bconiyning \u201cAnsob\u201d, Ibn Asirning \u201cLubob fi tahzibil ansob\u201d, Ibn Qutlubug\u02bbonning \u201cTojut tarojim\u201d va Abdulhay Laknaviyning \u201cFavoidul bahiyya fi tarojumil hanafiyya\u201d asarlarida ham uchraydi. Hozirgi davr olimlaridan tarix fanlari doktori, professor Ubaydulla Uvatovning ko\u02bbplab kitob va ilmiy maqolalarida, nemis olimi Ulrix Rudolfning \u201cMoturidiy va Samarqandda sunniylik ilohiyoti\u201d asarlarida ham ayrim ma\u02bclumotlarni topish mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

IX-XIII asrlar islom olamida ilm-fan rivojining oltin davri bo\u02bblib, o\u02bbsha kezlarda Samarqandning deyarli har go\u02bbshasidan ko\u02bbplab allomalar yetishib chiqqan. Ular dunyo ilm-fani taraqqiyotiga benazir hissa qo\u02bbshib, tarix zarvaraqlaridan munosib o\u02bbrin egallagan. Albatta, bu davrlarda Miyonqol hududida yashab ijod qilgan roviy va faqihlar haqida so\u02bbz ketganda Sulaymon ibn Dovud ibn Muhammad Razmoziy, Abu Is\u02bchoq Ibrohim Zanun Dihqon Razmoziy, Abu Muhammad Razmoziy Sug\u02bbdiy, Abu Abdulloh Razmoziy Sug\u02bbdiy Samarqandiy, Dovud ibn Amr Rastag\u02bbfariy Ishtixoniy, Ahmad ibn Hishom, Yahyo ibn Xuzayma Zoriy, Yusuf ibn Ma\u02bcruf, Abu Lays Nasr ibn Fath ibn Ahmad, adib Abu Fazl Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Muhammad, Toyyib ibn Muhammad ibn Ibrohim, Abu Bakr Bilol ibn Rizor ibn Rabona, Muhammad ibn Imron, Solih ibn Muhammad ibn Mutavakkil ibn Qudoma ibn Yahyo Sug\u02bbdiy, Abu Hasan Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Nasr ibn Muhammad ibn Ibrohim Hamdavayh ibn Qatan ibn Farazdaq ibn Tarxon Hamdavayhiy kabi allomalarni ham sanab o\u02bbtish lozim. Ular o\u02bbz ilmu-urfoni bilan ijtimoiy-siyosiy, tarixiy jarayonlarda faol ishtirok etib, tarix sahifalaridan munosib o\u02bbrin egallagan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Miyonqoldan yetishib chiqqan boshqa allomalarning nomlarini ham keltirishimiz mumkin edi. Ammo muxtasar bir maqolada ularning barchasini jamlashning iloji yo\u02bbq. Kelajakda bu borada keng qamrovli ilmiy izlanishlar olib borilishidan umid qilib qolamiz.<\/span><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a>\u00a0Najmiddin Umar ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad Nasafiy. Al-Qand fi zikri ulamoi Samarqand. \u2013Tehron. 1999. \u2013B.655.<\/span><\/div>\n
[2]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Hamduya va Hamdaviy shaklida keltirilgan. Qarang: Najmiddin Umar Nasafiy. Al-Qand fi zikri ulamoi Samarqand. \u2013 T.: \u201cO\u02bbzbekiston Milliy ensiklopediyasi\u201d Davlat ilmiy nashriyoti, 2001. \u2013 B. 171, 172.<\/span><\/div>\n
[3]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Qarang: Abu Said Abdulkarim ibn Muhammad Sam\u02bconiy. Ansob. J,2. Bayrut. 1998. \u2013B. 260<\/span><\/div>\n
[4]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Qarang: Atayev M. Jizzax allomalari. \u2013T.: Adib. 2014. \u2013B.61.<\/span><\/div>\n
[5]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Qarang: Atayev M. Jizzax allomalari. \u2013T.: Adib. 2014. \u2013B.64.<\/span><\/div>\n
[6]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Abulhasan Ali ibn Muhammad Shayboniy Jazariy. Lubob fi tahzibil ansob. \u2013 Bayrut. 1980. \u2013B. 387.<\/span><\/div>\n
[7]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Najmiddin Umar Nasafiy. Al-Qand fi zikri ulamoi Samarqand. \u2013 T.: O\u02bbzbekiston Milliy ensiklopediyasi. 2001. \u2013B.172.<\/span><\/div>\n
[8]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Najmiddin Umar ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad Nasafiy. Al-Qand fi zikri ulamoi Samarqand. \u2013 Tehron, 1999. \u2013 B. 566.; Najmiddin Umar Nasafiy. Al-Qand fi zikri ulamoi Samarqand. \u2013 T.: \u201cO\u02bbzbekiston Milliy ensiklopediyasi\u201d Davlat ilmiy nashriyoti, 2001. \u2013 B. 171,172.<\/span><\/div>\n
[9]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Qarang: Abdulkarim Sam\u02bconiy. Ansob. J. 6. \u2013 Bayrut. \u2013 Livan, 1998. \u2013 B. 122; Abu Abdulloh Yoqut Hamaviy. Mo\u02bbjamul buldon. J. 5. \u2013 Bayrut, 1979. \u2013 B. 454<\/span><\/div>\n
[10]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Qur\u02bconi karim ma\u02bcnolarining tarjima va tafsiri. Tarjima va tafsir muallifi Shayx Abdulaziz Mansur \u2013 T.: TIU, 2007. \u201cMuhammad\u201d surasi 19-oyat.<\/span><\/div>\n
[11]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Najmiddin Umar ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad Nasafiy. Al-Qand fi zikri ulamoi Samarqand. \u2013 Tehron, 1999. \u2013 B. 232.<\/span><\/div>\n
[12]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Xayriddin Zirikliy. A\u02bclom. J. 4. Dorul ilm, 2002. \u2013 B. 291<\/span><\/div>\n
[13]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0O\u02bbzbekiston \u2013 buyuk allomalar yurti. \u2013 T.: Ma\u02bcnaviyat, Movarounnahr, 2010. \u2013 B. 152; Kattayev K. Samarqandning buyuk allomalari. \u2013 Samarqand. Zarafshon, 1998. \u2013 B. 107.<\/span><\/div>\n
[14]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0O\u02bbzbekiston \u2013 buyuk allomalar yurti. \u2013 T.: Ma\u02bcnaviyat, Movarounnahr, 2010. \u2013 B. 152, 153.<\/span><\/div>\n
[15]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0O\u02bbzbekiston \u2013 buyuk allomalar yurti. \u2013 T.: Ma\u02bcnaviyat, Movarounnahr, 2010. \u2013 B. 153, 154.<\/span><\/div>\n
Yo\u02bbldoshxon ISAYEV,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi ilmiy xodimi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zarafshon daryosi o\u02bbrta oqimida Oqdaryo va Qoradaryoga ajralib, quyi oqimida yana birlashgan. O\u02bbrta asrga oid yozma manbalarda bu ikki daryo oralig\u02bbidagi yerlar Miyonqol deb atalgan. Amir Temur va temuriylar, undan keyingi davrlarda Miyonqol hududi \u201cSug\u02bbudi Xurd\u201d \u2013 \u201cKichik Sug\u02bbd\u201d yoki \u201cYarim Sug\u02bbd\u201d, Oqdaryo shimolidagi yerlar, to Nurota tog\u02bb tizmalarigacha bo\u02bblgan joylar esa \u201cSug\u02bbudi Kalon\u201d \u2013 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31944,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[650],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nMIYONQOL ROVIYLARI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"MIYONQOL ROVIYLARI\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=31946&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MIYONQOL ROVIYLARI - 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