{"id":28209,"date":"2023-05-16T10:03:56","date_gmt":"2023-05-16T05:03:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=28209"},"modified":"2023-05-16T10:03:56","modified_gmt":"2023-05-16T05:03:56","slug":"imom-buxoriyning-tarixul-kabir-asarini-ilmiy-ahamiyati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=28209&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"IMOM BUXORIYNING \u201cTARIXUL KABIR\u201d ASARINI ILMIY AHAMIYATI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Imom Buxoriy rahimahulloh ilmning bir necha yo\u02bbnalishlarida ko\u02bbplab kitoblar yozganini bilamiz. U kishining mashhur va hajmi juda katta bo\u02bblgan kitoblaridan biri \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobidir. Imom Buxoriyning \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobi Islom dinida yozilgan kitoblarning ulug\u02bbrog\u02bbi va roviylar tarixi haqida eng birinchi ta\u02bclif etilgan kitoblardan biridir. Imom Buxoriydan keyin kelgan har qanday kishi bu kitobga boquvchidir. Abu Abbos ibn Said: \u201cAgar bir kishi o\u02bbttiz mingta hadis yozsa ham Muhammad ibn Ismoil Buxoriyning \u201cTarix\u201d kitobidan behojat bo\u02bblmaydi\u201d, degan. Shuning uchun bu kitob \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d kitobini yozilishiga zamin bo\u02bblgan deyiladi. Bu \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201dning tushunarsiz joylarini tushuntiradigan, shifrlarini ochadigan va ishoralarini aniqlab beradigan kalitdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Buxoriyning \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobi sahobalar, tobe\u02bciynlar va o\u02bbz ustozlarigacha bo\u02bblgan hadis roviylarining tarjimai holini jamlagan kitobdir. Imom Buxoriyning o\u02bbzi bu kitobni boshlashi haqida gapirib bergan. U kishi: \u201cMen haj qilib bo\u02bblganimda, akam onamni olib uyga qaytdi. Men hadis o\u02bbrganish uchun qoldim. O\u02bbn sakkiz yoshga to\u02bblganimda, \u201cQazoya as-sahoba va at-tobe\u02bciyn va aqoviluhum\u201d kitobini yozdim. O\u02bbsha payt Ubaydulloh ibn Musoning davri edi. Men \u201cTarix\u201d kitobimni oydin kechalarda, Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallamning qabrlari yonida yozgandim. \u201cTarix\u201d kitobimdagi har bir ismning qissasi bordir. Lekin, men kitobni uzun qilib yuborishni xohlamaganim uchun qissalarni keltirmadim\u201d, degan[1]. Ma\u02bclumki, Imom Buxoriy o\u02bbzining \u201cTarix\u201d kitobini uch bosqichda yozgan. \u201cTarixus sag\u02bbir\u201d, \u201cTarixul avsot\u201d va \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Buxoriyning eng birinchi yozgan va eng katta kitoblaridan biri \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobidir. Bu kitobni Imom Buxoriy Nishopurga kelganida oldiga kelib ta\u02bclim olgan shogirdlaridan biri Abu Ahmad Muhammad ibn Sulaymon ibn Foris Nishopuriy va boshqa kishilar Imom Buxoriyning o\u02bbzidan rivoyat qilganlar. Imom Buxoriy o\u02bbzining \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobini hijriy 212 yilda yoza boshlagan. Bu kitob Imom Buxoriyning zamonidayoq tarqalgan edi. Buning isboti Xatib Bag\u02bbdodiy Imom Buxoriydan rivoyat qilgan rivoyatdir. Imom Buxoriy shunday degan: \u201cIs\u02bchoq ibn Rohavayh mening \u201cTarix\u201d kitobimni Xurosonning amiri Abdulloh ibn Tohir (hijriy 182-230 y.)ning oldiga olib kirib: \u201cEy, mo\u02bbminlar amiri! sizga sehrni ko\u02bbrsatayinmi?\u201d, dedi. Shunda Abdulloh ibn Tohir kitobga qarab taajjublandi va: \u201cBu kitobning yozilishiga fahmim yetmadi\u201d, dedi\u201d[2]. Bu gap kitobning ahamiyati va ilmiy qiymati qanchalar yuqori ekanligini bildiradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Is\u02bchoq ibn Rohavayh Imom Buxoriyning vafotidan o\u02bbn sakkiz yil oldin hijriy 238 yilda vafot etgan[3]. Bu ma\u02bclumot bizlarga Imom Buxoriy o\u02bbzining \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobini hijriy 238 yildan oldin yozib bo\u02bblganini bildiradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ammo bu kitobda o\u02bbsha vaqtdan keyin vafot etgan ba\u02bczi kishilarning tarjimai holini borligi, biz yuqorida zikr qilgan gap bilan qarama-qarshi bo\u02bblib qolmaydi. Ehtimol, Is\u02bchoq ibn Rohavayning qo\u02bblidagi nusxa kitobning oxirgi nusxasi bo\u02bblmagandir. Chunki, \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobining yozilishi o\u02bbzining oxirgi bezagi bilan chiqquncha uch bosqichda davom etgan. Shu bilan birga kitobning nomini Imom Buxoriyning o\u02bbzi \u201cTarix\u201d deb nomlagan. Imom Buxoriy: \u201cAgar ba\u02bczi ustozlarimga yozgan kitoblarim ko\u02bbrsatilsa, ular mening \u201cTarix\u201d kitobimni qanday qilib yozganimni tushunmaydi va bilmaydilar. Men \u201cTarix\u201d kitobimni uch marta yozdim\u201d, degan[4]. Ya\u02bcni, Imom Buxoriy o\u02bbzining \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobini yozib bo\u02bblib, odamlar uchun nashr etgan. So\u02bbngra, o\u02bbsha nusxaga qo\u02bbshimchalar qo\u02bbshib, to\u02bbldirib borib, kitobni ikkinchi marta nashr etgan. So\u02bbngra, yana qo\u02bbshimchalar qo\u02bbshib, to\u02bbldirib borgan. Hatto, uni uchinchi marta nashr etgan. Demak, \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobi ham mukammal bir kitob holiga kelguncha mana shu uch bosqichni bosib o\u02bbtgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Doktor Ahmad Abdulloh o\u02bbzining doktorlik ishida \u201cImom Buxoriy o\u02bbzining \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobini yozishda uzoq vaqt davom etgan\u201d, deb aytadi. Buning isboti, Imom Buxoriy bu kitobida hijriy 249 yilda vafot etgan roviylarning tarjimai holini ham keltirgan[5].<\/span><\/p>\n

Doktor Odil Abdushakur Zarqiy \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobining ikkita nashri keng tarqalgan deb aytadi. Birinchisi: Shayx Abdurahmon Yamoniyning tahqiqi bilan Hindistonning Dairotu-l-ma\u02bcorif nashriyotida nashr qilingani. Ikkinchisi: Mustafo Abdulqodir Atoning tahqiqi bilan Saudiya Arabistonining Daru Toviq an-najah nashriyotida nashr qilingani.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobida Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallamning davrlaridan Imom Buxoriygacha bo\u02bblgan davrda yashab o\u02bbtgan o\u02bbn to\u02bbrt mingga yaqin roviylarning tarjimai holi keltirilgan. Shundan mingga yaqin roviylarning tarjimai holi esa \u201cTarixul kabir\u201dning so\u02bbngida, alohida juz qilib keltirilgan \u201cKunyalar\u201d kitobida bayon etilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Buxoriyning nomi \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201dga bog\u02bblangani ma\u02bclum. Lekin, \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobi ulamolarning oldida katta ahamiyatga egadir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Roviylarning tarjimai holi haqida mana shu tartibda kitob yozgan kishilarning avvalgisi Imom Buxoriydir. Ko\u02bbpchilik ulamolar buni e\u02bctirof etishgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Abu Ahmad Hokim Kabir (vaf. 378 h.): \u201cMuhammad ibn Ismoilning \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobi biror kitob o\u02bbtib ketolmaydigan kitobdir\u201d, degan[6]. Ibn Rajab Hanbaliy: \u201cImom Buxoriyning ko\u02bbplab kitoblari bor. U kishi o\u02bbzining \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d va \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitoblarini yozishi bilan barcha insonlardan o\u02bbzib ketdi\u201d, degan[7].<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu kitob hadis ilmining ikkita asosiy ruknini ya\u02bcni, ilmi rijol (hadis roviylarining tarjimai holi haqidagi ilm) va ilmi ilal (hadis illatlari haqidagi ilm)ni o\u02bbrab olgan. Ibn Rajab bu kitob haqida: \u201cBu biror kitob o\u02bbtib ketolmaydigan katta kitobdir. Bu kitob tarixlar, illatlar va ismlarning barchasini to\u02bbplovchidir\u201d, degan[8]. Kitobning voqeligi ham bu e\u02bctirofni qo\u02bbllab \u2013 quvvatlaydi. Bu kitobda 6095 ta hadis matni zikr etilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xatib Bag\u02bbdodiy o\u02bbzining \u201cBag\u02bbdod tarixi\u201d kitobida Abu Abbos ibn Saidning: \u201cAgar bir kishi o\u02bbttiz mingta hadis yozsa ham Muhammad ibn Ismoil Buxoriyning \u201cTarix\u201d kitobidan behojat bo\u02bblmaydi\u201d, degan gapini keltirgan[9].<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Zahabiy o\u02bbzining \u201cSiyaru a\u02bclomi-n-nubalo\u201d kitobida Abu Sahl Shofe\u02bciyning ushbu gapini keltiradi: \u201cO\u02bbttizdan ko\u02bbproq Misrlik ulamolardan eshitgan edim. Ular: \u201cBizlarning bu dunyodagi ehtiyojimiz Muhammad ibn Ismoilning kitobini o\u02bbqishdir\u201d, deganlar\u201d[10].<\/span><\/p>\n

Xatib Bag\u02bbdodiy va Imom Zahabiyning yuqoridagi gaplari bu kitobning qiymati naqadar ulug\u02bbligini anglatadi. Demak, hadis ilmi bilan shug\u02bbullanadigan hamma odam bu kitobni dars qilishi va unga murojaat qilishi lozim bo\u02bbladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu kitobdan juda ko\u02bbplab ulamolar foydalangan. Shulardan biri Imom Muslimdir. Abu Ahmad Hokim: \u201cKimki Muslim ibn Hajjojning \u201cIsmlar va kunyalar\u201d nomli kitobi haqida o\u02bbylab ko\u02bbrsa, albatta, bu kitob Muhammad ibn Ismoilning \u201cKunyalar\u201d kitobidan birmi-bir ko\u02bbchirilganini bilib oladi\u201d, degan[11].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobidan foydalangan kishilardan yana biri Imom Termiziydir. U kishi o\u02bbzining \u201cAl-ilal as-sog\u02bbir\u201d nomli kitobida shunday degan: \u201cKitobimda zikr qilingan illatlar, hadislar, odamlar va tarixlarni \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobidan oldim va bu ma\u02bclumotlarning ko\u02bbprog\u02bbi men Muhammad ibn Ismoil bilan bahs olib borgan narsalardir\u201d, degan[12].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobining atrofida qirq beshdan ko\u02bbproq risola va kitoblar yozilgan. Birgina kitobning atrofida bu qadar ko\u02bbp risola va kitoblarning yozilishi, bizlarga kitobning ahamiyati va qiymati naqadar buyukligini bildiradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Shamsiddin Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Usmon Zahabiy. Siyaru a\u02bclomi-n-nubalo: 25 jildli. Shu\u02bcayb Arnout tahqiqi. \u2013 Bayrut: Doru muassasa ar-risala, 1985. J: 12. B: 400.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Abu Ja\u02bcfar Varroq Buxoriy. Shamoili Buxoriy. Abu Muoviya Bayrutiy nashri. \u2013 Bayrut: 2019. B: 27.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. 3. Muhammad ibn Ismoil Buxoriy. At-tarix al-avsat. Mahmud Ibrohim Zoyid tahqiqi. \u2013 Damashq: Dor at-turos, 1977. J: 2. B: 368.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Xatib Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Ali ibn Sobit Bag\u02bbdodiy. Bag\u02bbdod tarixi. 21 jildli. Bashshor Avad Ma\u02bcruf tahqiqi. \u2013 Bayrut: Dor al-g\u02bbarb al-islamiy, 2001. J: 2. B: 325.<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Ahmad Abdulloh. Manhaj al-Imom al-Buxoriy fiy at-ta\u02bclil min xilal kitabihi at-tarix al-kabir, doktorlik ishi. \u2013 Urdun: Jami\u02bca al-yarmuk, 2005. B: 28.<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. Hokim Abu Ahmad Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Is\u02bchoq. Al-asomiy va-l-kuna. Yusuf Muhammad Doxil tahqiqi. \u2013 Saudiya: Dorul g\u02bburobo, 1994. J: 2. B: 274.<\/span><\/li>\n
  7. Abdurahmon ibn Ahmad ibn Rajab Salomiy Bag\u02bbdodiy Dimashqiy. Sharhu ilali-t-Termiziy. 2 jildli. Doktor Humom Said tahqiqi. \u2013 Qohira: Maktabatul minor, 1987. J: 1. B: 496.<\/span><\/li>\n
  8. Abdurahmon ibn Ahmad ibn Rajab Salomiy Bag\u02bbdodiy Dimashqiy. Sharhu ilali-t-Termiziy. 2 jildli. Nuruddin Itr tahqiqi. \u2013 Damashq: Dorul milah, 2008. J: 1. B: 338.<\/span><\/li>\n
  9. Xatib Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Ali ibn Sobit Bag\u02bbdodiy. Bag\u02bbdod tarixi. 21 jildli. Bashshor Avad Ma\u02bcruf tahqiqi. \u2013 Bayrut: Dor al-g\u02bbarb al-islamiy, 2001. J: 2. B: 326.<\/span><\/li>\n
  10. Shamsiddin Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Usmon Zahabiy. Siyaru a\u02bclomi-n-nubalo: 25 jildli. Shu\u02bcayb Arnout tahqiqi. \u2013 Bayrut: Doru muassasa ar-risala, 1985. J: 12. B: 426.<\/span><\/li>\n
  11. Abu Ahmad Hokim Kabir Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Is\u02bchoq Nishopuriy. Al-asomiy val kuna: 5 jildli. Abu Umar Muhammad ibn Ali Azhariy tahqiqi. \u2013 Qohira: Dor al-Foruq, 2015. J: 2. B: 274.<\/span><\/li>\n
  12. Muhammad ibn Iso Termiziy. Al-ilal as-sog\u02bbir. Ahmad Shokir tahqiqi. \u2013 Bayrut: Doru ihyai-t-turosi-l-arabiy. B: 738.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    Abduvosi SHONAZAROV,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    ilmiy xodimi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Imom Buxoriy rahimahulloh ilmning bir necha yo\u02bbnalishlarida ko\u02bbplab kitoblar yozganini bilamiz. U kishining mashhur va hajmi juda katta bo\u02bblgan kitoblaridan biri \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobidir. Imom Buxoriyning \u201cTarixul kabir\u201d kitobi Islom dinida yozilgan kitoblarning ulug\u02bbrog\u02bbi va roviylar tarixi haqida eng birinchi ta\u02bclif etilgan kitoblardan biridir. Imom Buxoriydan keyin kelgan har qanday kishi bu kitobga boquvchidir. Abu …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28207,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nIMOM BUXORIYNING \u201cTARIXUL KABIR\u201d ASARINI ILMIY AHAMIYATI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"IMOM BUXORIYNING \u201cTARIXUL KABIR\u201d ASARINI ILMIY AHAMIYATI\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=28209&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"IMOM BUXORIYNING \u201cTARIXUL KABIR\u201d ASARINI ILMIY AHAMIYATI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"IMOM BUXORIYNING \u201cTARIXUL KABIR\u201d ASARINI ILMIY AHAMIYATI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=28209&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bukharicenter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-05-16T05:03:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/bukhari_buxoriy2023_74.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"330\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=28209&lang=oz\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=28209&lang=oz\",\"name\":\"IMOM BUXORIYNING \u201cTARIXUL KABIR\u201d ASARINI ILMIY AHAMIYATI - 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