{"id":26507,"date":"2023-02-07T09:44:28","date_gmt":"2023-02-07T04:44:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=26507"},"modified":"2023-02-07T09:44:28","modified_gmt":"2023-02-07T04:44:28","slug":"islom-dinining-diniy-mutaassiblikka-munosabati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=26507&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"ISLOM DININING DINIY MUTAASSIBLIKKA MUNOSABATI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Butun dunyo mamlakatlarini ekstremizm va terrorizm tashvishga solib kelmoqda. Hozirda ekstremizm va terrorizm dunyo mamlakatlari uchun nafaqat tashqi, balki ichki xavfsizlikka ham daxldor masalaga aylandi. Shu bilan birga hozirda ko\u02bbplab shaxslarning ekstremistik va terroristik tashkilotlar ta\u02bcsiriga tushib qolayotganliklari turli xil ijtimoiy muammolar, davlat va jamiyat xavfsizligiga putur yetkazuvchi tahdidlarni yuzaga keltirib chiqarmoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n

Islom dini biror shaxs, guruh, mol-dunyoga nisbatan va obro\u02bb-e\u02bctibor topish uchun qilinadigan har qanday mutaassiblik va firqalarga bo\u02bblinishni qoralaydi, tarafkashlikni johiliyat holatiga o\u02bbxshatadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mutaassiblik lug\u02bbatda bir narsaga qattiq bog\u02bblanib, ko\u02bbr-ko\u02bbrona ergashish, ashaddiy tarafkashlik, bir fikrda qattiq turib olish kabi ma\u02bcnolarni anglatadi. \u201cKashshofu istilohotil funun\u201d kitobida \u201cmutaassiblik, garchi dalil ko\u02bbrinib turgan bo\u02bblsa ham, bir tomonga moyillik tufayli haqni rad etishdir\u201d deb ta\u02bcriflangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bugungi kunga kelib butun jahonga xavf solayotgan diniy ekstremizm va xalqaro terrorizmni keltirib chiqaruvchi omillardan biri diniy mutaassiblikdir. Ushbu muammo Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkiloti, Yevropada xavfsizlik va hamkorlik tashkiloti, Shanxay hamkorlik tashkiloti kabi ko\u02bbplab xalqaro, mintaqaviy, xususan, har bir davlatning qonunchilik, ijroiya va huquq-tartibot idoralari, shuningdek, nodavlat va jamoatchilik tashkilotlari uchun o\u02bbta muhim vazifaga aylandi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu yo\u02bbnalishda psixologiya fani diniy mutaassib shaxs, uning tuzilishi, faoliyati, shakllanish qonuniyatlari va unga ta\u02bcsir etuvchi sotsiopsixologik ta\u02bcsirlarni tatbiq etadi. Biz tariximiz davomida aynan diniy mutaassib shaxslar tomonidan insoniyatga turli darajada ziyonlar yetkazilganligini ko\u02bbrdik. Endi esa o\u02bbrganilgan qator tadqiqotlar mutaassib shaxsini psixologik chuqur tahlil etish lozimligi masalasini kun tartibiga qo\u02bbymoqda. Ma\u02bclumki, xar bir shaxs individual (o\u02bbziga xos xususiyatlarga ega ya\u02bcni takrorlanmas)dir. Uning xarakteri, dunyoni aks ettirishi, temperamenti, emotsiyalari ham beqiyosdir. Diniy mutaassib shaxs ham shu qatorda o\u02bbziga xos dunyoqarashga, ijtimoiy status (mavqe, o\u02bbrin)ga egadir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Diniy mutaassib shaxsini alohida va yaxlit psixologik fenomen (hodisa) sifatida psixologik talqin qiladigan bo\u02bblsak, mutaassib shaxsini psixologiyasi, etimologiyasi (sabablari) kabilar haqida atroflicha to\u02bbxtalib o\u02bbtish lozim. Psixologiyadagi yaqqol fenomenlardan biri bu-shaxsdir. Shaxs haqida turli psixolog olimlar o\u02bbz qarashlarini bildirib o\u02bbtganlar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fanlar tizimida diniy mutaassiblik muammosi keng qamrovli ilmiy tadqiqotlarni talab etuvchi jihatlari, muammolari yetarlidir. Biror bir fan diniy mutaassib shaxs masalasiga oid ilmiy qarashlarni, shaxsning psixologik portreti (qiyofasi), uni diagnostika qilish va korreksiyalash masalasida to\u02bbliq manba uchramaydi. Qolaversa, diniy mutaassiblik haqida O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi Birinchi Prezidenti I.A.Karimov \u201cO\u02bbzbekistonda islom aqidaparastligi xavfi bor va u tobora ortib bormoqda\u201d, deganlarida diniy mutaassiblik va uni insoniyat oldidagi xavfini aytib o\u02bbtgan edilar. [1;52]<\/span><\/p>\n

Bugungi kunda diniy mutaassiblik masalasiga bag\u02bbishlangan tadqiqotlarni umumiy holda 3 guruhga ajratish mumkin:<\/span><\/p>\n

1-guruh: Qadimgi islom manbalari (Savosil al-Iskandariy (vaf.861), Ibn Jabir At Tabariy (vaf.923)., Muhammad al-Taxoviy (vaf.933) kabi islom olimlari turli firqalarning qarash va faoliyat usullarini tadqiq qilib, an\u02bcanaviy sunniylik aqidalarini himoya qilganlar.<\/span><\/p>\n

2-guruh: XX asr oxiri va XXI asr boshlarida g\u02bbarb, rus va arab tillaridagi adabiyotlar (O.Bolshakov, A. Ignatenko, Yu.Antonyan, S.Prozorov, K.S.Grey, I.Bermen, G.Gleason)da diniy mutaassiblikning mohiyati, tarixi, zamonaviy ko\u02bbrinishlari va uning xususiyatlari hamda diniy ekstremizm va xalqaro terrorizm bilan o\u02bbzaro aloqadorlik jihatlari atroflicha yoritib berilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

3-guruh: Mustaqillik yillarida mamlakatimizda chop etilgan ilmiy tadqiqot va boshqa adabiyotlar (O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi Birinchi Prezidenti I.A.Karimov asarlari, A.Hasanov, M.Radjabova, Z.Xusniddinov, Z.Munavvarov, A.Juzjoniy, A.Achildiyev, A.Zakrullayev)da ham diniy mutaassiblik, uning o\u02bbziga xos xususiyatlari va insoniyat oldidagi xavfi haqida qator qarashlar ilmiy asosda izohlangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mavjud tadqiqotlar tahlili, diniy mutaassib shaxsining psixologik portreti (qiyofasi), o\u02bbziga xos xususiyatlari va psixologiyasiga oid kompleks tadqiqotlar amalga oshirilmaganligini ko\u02bbrsatadi. Bunda asosiy yondashuvlar dinshunoslik va psixologiya fanlari kesishuvida amalga oshirilmagan. Bu esa diniy mutaassib shaxs alohida psixologik fenomen (hodisa) sifatida kompleks tadqiq etilmagan va bu soha mutaxassislari oldiga yana qator tadqiqotlar amalga oshirish zarurligini ko\u02bbrsatadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Azaldan islom mo\u02bbtadillik, tinchlik dinidir. Islomning bosh manbasi bo\u02bblgan Qur\u02bconi Karimda bu haqida: \u201cshuningdek, sizlarni odamlar ustidan guvoh bo\u02bblishingiz va payg\u02bbambar sizlarning ustingizdan guvoh bo\u02bblishi uchun o\u02bbrta ummat qildik\u201d (Baqara: 143), deyiladi. Yuqorida ham \u201co\u02bbrta ummat\u201d deyilganda aynan dindagi barcha buyruq va ahkomlarga ortiqcha g\u02bbuluv (chuqur, haddan oshish)larsiz amal qiladigan ummatlar najot topishligi ta\u02bckidlanadi. Bugunda o\u02bbzlarini mutlaqo haq va \u201cboshqalar (boshqacha e\u02bctiqod qiluvchilar va boshqacha fikrlovchilar)\u201dni esa adashgan omi olomon hisoblovchi diniy mutaassiblar faoliyati, tinch, farovon hayotimizga raxna solishga urinishlari bizni ularni psixologik xususiyatlari va shaxs sifatidagi ijtimoiy portret (qiyofa)larini bilish, ulardan xabardor bo\u02bblishni bugungi kun talabiga aylantirmoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qolaversa, dinga mutaassib bo\u02bblishni oldini olishda keng jamoatchilik orasida davra suhbati va turli tadbirlarni tashkil etish, Islom dinining asl mohiyatini, uning insonparvarlik g\u02bboyalarini tushuntirish ishlari ham samarali sanaladi. Chunki, Qur\u02bconi Karimni qator oyatlarida bag\u02bbrikenglik, mo\u02bbtadillikka chaqiriladi. Masalan, Baqara surasi 156-oyatida \u201cDinda majburlash yo\u02bbqdir\u201d, An\u02bcom surasi 152-oyatda: \u201cHech bir jonni toqatidan tashqarisiga taklif (amr) qilmaymiz\u2026\u201d deyilgan. Muhammad (a.s) hadislarida dinda mo\u02bbtadil (o\u02bbrtacha) bo\u02bblishga chaqirilgan\u201d. [2;180]<\/span><\/p>\n

Shuningdek, hadislarda dinda chuqur ketish, taassubga berilish qoralanadi. Imom Buxoriydan rivoyat qilingan hadisda musulmonlar fitnadan ogohlantirilib, aytiladi: \u201cAbu Hurayra (r.a.) rivoyat qiladilar: \u201cRasululloh (s.a.v.) bunday dedilar: Fitnalar sodir bo\u02bblganda tik turgandan ko\u02bbra o\u02bbtirgan afzaldir, tik turgan esa, yurib ketayotgandan, yurib ketayotgan esa yugurib ketayotgandan afzaldir, kimki fitnaga aralashib qolsa, halokatga uchraydi va kimki fitnadan panoh topsa, darhol yashirinsin!\u201d. [3;543] Ulamolar ushbu hadisni musulmon odam jamiyatda beqarorlik keltirib chiqaruvchi fitnalardan qanchalik uzoqda bo\u02bblsa, o\u02bbzi va musulmon jamiyati uchun shunchalik foydali bo\u02bbladi, deb sharhlaydilar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mashhur hanafiy ulamo Imom Tahoviy (858\u2013933)ning \u201cAl-Aqida at Tahoviya\u201d asarida yozilishicha: \u201cPodshohlarimiz, rahbar amaldorlarimizga qarshi, garchi zulm qilsalar ham xuruj qilmaymiz, ularni duoi bad ham etmaymiz. Itoatdan bosh tortmaymiz. Ularga itoat etishni Allohga itoat etish jumlasidan, ya\u02bcni farz deb bilamiz. Ularning haqqiga duoi xayr etib turamiz\u201d. [4;37]<\/span><\/p>\n

Islom dinining asl mohiyatini musulmon aholiga tushuntirish natijasida ularni diniy mutaassiblikdan asrash mumkin bo\u02bbladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shunday ekan, bugungi kundagi ko\u02bbplab muammolarning ildizi mutaassiblik va haddan oshish ekanligini hammamiz chuqur anglashimiz lozim.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xulosa o\u02bbrnida bu kabi muammolarning yechimi sifatida Faqih doktor Vahba Mustafo Zuhayliy janoblarining ushbu so\u02bbzlarini keltirish lozim: \u201cIslom mo\u02bbtadil din bo\u02bblib haqiqatlardan birortasida chetga chiqishga yoki haddan oshishga yo\u02bbl qo\u02bbymasligini anglatadi. Islomda va boshqa dinlarda dinda haddan oshish ham, e\u02bctiqodda bir taraflama va g\u02bbayritabiiy bo\u02bblish ham, haddan tashqari qattiq olish ham, juda bo\u02bbsh qo\u02bbyib yuborish ham yo\u02bbq\u2026\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar:<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    Karimov. I.A. \u201cO\u02bbzbekistonning kelajagi buyukligiga ishonchim komil\u201d. \u2013 Toshkent: O\u02bbzbekiston, 1996. \u2013 B. 52.<\/em><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    Rahimjonov<\/em>\u00a0D. Islomov Z.<\/em>\u00a0\u201cMa\u02bcrifat-tinchlik asosi\u201d TIU. \u2013 Toshkent-2007. \u2013<\/em>\u00a0B. 180.<\/em><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    Buxoriy, Abu Abdulloh Muhammad ibn Ismoil. Sahihi Buxoriy: Al-jome\u02bc as-sahih. 2-kitob. 7081-7082-hadislar. \u2013 T.: \u201cO\u02bbzbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi\u201d Davlat ilmiy nashriyoti, 2008. \u2013 B. 543.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    Imom Tahoviy. Al-Aqidatut-tahoviya \/\/ Aqoid matnlari. A.Mansurov tarjimasi. \u2013 T.: Toshkent islom universiteti, 2011. \u2013 B. 37.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u00a0Sarvar QAXXOROV,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    O\u02bbzbekiston xalqaro islom akademiyasi tayanch doktaranti<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Butun dunyo mamlakatlarini ekstremizm va terrorizm tashvishga solib kelmoqda. Hozirda ekstremizm va terrorizm dunyo mamlakatlari uchun nafaqat tashqi, balki ichki xavfsizlikka ham daxldor masalaga aylandi. Shu bilan birga hozirda ko\u02bbplab shaxslarning ekstremistik va terroristik tashkilotlar ta\u02bcsiriga tushib qolayotganliklari turli xil ijtimoiy muammolar, davlat va jamiyat xavfsizligiga putur yetkazuvchi tahdidlarni yuzaga keltirib chiqarmoqda. Islom dini biror …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26505,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nISLOM DININING DINIY MUTAASSIBLIKKA MUNOSABATI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"ISLOM DININING DINIY MUTAASSIBLIKKA MUNOSABATI\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=26507&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ISLOM DININING DINIY MUTAASSIBLIKKA MUNOSABATI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"ISLOM DININING DINIY MUTAASSIBLIKKA MUNOSABATI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=26507&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bukharicenter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-02-07T04:44:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/bukhari_buxoriy2023_24.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"330\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=26507&lang=oz\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=26507&lang=oz\",\"name\":\"ISLOM DININING DINIY MUTAASSIBLIKKA MUNOSABATI - 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