{"id":26028,"date":"2022-12-30T08:28:39","date_gmt":"2022-12-30T03:28:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=26028"},"modified":"2022-12-28T10:29:25","modified_gmt":"2022-12-28T05:29:25","slug":"al-manor-usul-ul-fiqhga-oid-nodir-manba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=26028&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"\u201cAL-MANOR\u201d \u2013 USUL UL-FIQHGA OID NODIR MANBA"},"content":{"rendered":"

Usul ul-fiqh fani dalillar va hukmlarga oid fan bo\u02bblgani bois, bu ilmni to\u02bblaqonli anglash kishidan katta mohirlikni talab qilganligi sababidan bu fanga oid asarlarni mujtahid ulamolargina yozishgan. Ma\u02bclumki, hanafiy mazhabi bo\u02bbyicha usul al-fiqh ilmi Movarounnahrda bir necha bosqichlarda rivojlangan. Faxr ul-islom Bazdaviy va Shamsul-aimma Saraxsiylar hanafiy mazhabining bu ilmni eng yuqori darajaga olib chiqqan allomalar hisoblanganligi sababli keyingi davr ulamolari ularning \u201cKanzul-vusul ila ma\u02bcrifatul-usul\u201d va \u201cal-Usul\u201d kitoblarini o\u02bbrganishga va sharhlash keng e\u02bctibor qaratishgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nasafdan yetishib chiqqan zabardast olimlardan biri Abul Barakot Nasafiyning usul ul-fiqh ilmiga oid hanafiy mazhabi bo\u02bbyicha yozilgan \u201cManor\u201d risolalari e\u02bctimodli kitoblarning eng mashhurlaridan deb tan olingan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Laknaviyning ma\u02bclumot berishicha Abul Barakot Nasafiy unga biri qisqa, ikkinchi katta hajmda sharh yozadi. Tadqiqotchi D.Maqsudov o\u02bbz tadqiqotida zikr qilgan Pokistonning Akuraxtak shahri \u201cDorul-ulum al-haqqoniya\u201d kutubxonasida 4625\/247 raqamida saqlanayotgan Abul Barakot Nasafiyga tegishli deb ko\u02bbrsatilgan Diryatul-vusul ila ilmil-usul\u00bb (Usul ilmiga yetishish yo\u02bbli) asari ushbu sharhlardan biridir[1]<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Usul ul-fiqh bo\u02bbyicha Abul Barakot Nasafiy Bazdaviy va Saraxsiy asarlarini birlashtirib, \u201cal-Manor\u201d asarini yozadi. Abul Barakot Nasafiyning shogirdi Ibn Soatiy (vaf. 694\/1295) esa uning g\u02bboyasini rivojlantirib, Usul al-fiqhda hanafiylardan Faxrul-islom Bazdaviyning \u201cKanzul-vusul\u201d va shofe\u02bciylardan Omidiyning \u201cal-Ihkom\u201d asarlarini jamlaydi. Shu bilan turli yo\u02bbnalishlarni jamlash an\u02bcanasi boshlanib ketadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cAl-Manor\u201d asarining to\u02bbliq nomi \u201cManor al-anvor fi usul al-fiqh\u201d bo\u02bblib, ko\u02bbpchilik ulamolar shu jumladan muallifning o\u02bbzi ham qisqartirib \u201cAl-Manor\u201d deb yuritgan. Uning tarkibi Kirish, Qur\u02bcon, sunnat bayoni, taoruz va undan chiqish yo\u02bbllari, bayon, mansux tarlar, Rasululloh (s.a.v.)ning fe\u02bcllarining hukmi, vahiyning turlari va hujjatligi, bizdan oldingi shariatlar, sahobaga taqlid qilish, ijmo\u02bc, qiyos, istis\u02bchobul-hol, istihson, ijtihod, illatlar, hukmlar va ahliya haqidagi boblardan iborat. Muallif asarida ortiqcha ta\u02bcrif va izohlardan saqlanib, boblarga oid ma\u02bclumotlarni qisqa, lo\u02bbnda ifodalashga harakat qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muallif 1-bobda Qur\u02bconi karim ta\u02bcrifini aytgandan keyin so\u02bbng, lafzlarning biror ma\u02bcnoga dalolat qilishiga ko\u02bbra alohida bo\u02bblaklarga bo\u02bbladi. Ular xos, omm, mushtarak va muavvaldir. Bularni ham yana bir necha bo\u02bblaklarga bo\u02bbladi. Kitobda mavzular xuddi sharhi kabi \u201cbahs\u201d shaklida berilib, bahslar yig\u02bbilib \u201cfasl\u201d larga aylanadi. Ko\u02bbp hollarda har bir bahs so\u02bbngidan Qur\u02bconi karim oyatlaridan yoki hadisi shariflardan misollarga ishora qilib o\u02bbtadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSunnat\u201d bo\u02bblimida birdan sunnatning qismlari keltiriladi. bu bobda bir jihatdan mustalahul-hadis ilmiga ham kirishilgan. Bu narsa hukmlarni olishda xabarlarni qay darajada yetib kelishi va ulardan olinadigan hukmlarning quvvati hamda roviylarning xabarni qabul qilish va ado etish shartlari, ijoza kabi masalalar aytib o\u02bbtilgan. Bundan tashqari hadislar ichidagi nosih va mansuhlari, ulardan Usul ul-fiqhda qanday hukm olish yoki olmaslik jihati oydinlashtirilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Asarning yana bir jihati hanafiy mazhabining umumiy qoidalari keltirilib, shofe\u02bciy va qisman molikiy mazhabi qarashlariga ishoralar keltiriladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kitobning \u201cIjmo\u02bc\u201d faslida ham birdan ruknlari, ijmo ahli kimligi va unga undovchi vositalar haqidagi bahslarga kirishiladi. Mana shu faslda Rasululloh (s.a.v.)ning fe\u02bcllarining qaysilari farz, vojib, mustahab yoki muboh\u00a0 bo\u02bblishi haqida muxtasar shaklda so\u02bbz yuritiladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bundan so\u02bbng usulning asoslaridan biri qiyos haqida so\u02bbz yuritib, qiyosning shartlari, turlari va qiyosga doir bo\u02bblgan Usul ul-fiqhdagi qoidalarni keltiradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu kitobni boshqa Usul ul-fiqh kitoblaridan farqli taraflaridan biri avval Usul ul-fiqhning asosi bo\u02bblgan Kitob, sunnat, ijmo\u02bc, qiyosni keltirmay, balki avvalo so\u02bbzni nimaga dalolat qilishini aytib, \u201clafzlar\u201d haqidagi bahslar keltiriladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mashhur olim Muhammad Abdulhay Laknaviy o\u02bbzi \u201cFavoidul-bahiya fi tarojimil-hanafiya\u201d kitobida: \u201cMen u olimning bir nechta tasniflaridan jumladan, \u201cal-Vofiy\u201d, \u201cal-Kofiy\u201d, \u201cManor\u201d va uning sharhi bo\u02bblmish \u201cKashful-asror\u201d dan ko\u02bbp foydalandim\u201d, deydi.[2]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Abul Barakot Nasafiyning \u201cManor\u201d asarida Abu Hanifa va uning shogirdlari o\u02bbrtasidagi bahsli masalalar ko\u02bbp zikr qilinishi barobarida, ba\u02bczan Imom Molik fikrlariga yo\u02bbl ochib berilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Asarning hajmi 25 varaqdan iborat 762-yil zulhijja oyining oxirida 762\/1361-yil oktyabrda ko\u02bbchirilgan bir qo\u02bblyozma nusxasi O\u02bbzR FA SHI qo\u02bblyozmalar fondida 5243\/1 raqami bilan saqlanmoqda. Shu bilan birga, uning 10718 (1319 yilda Mirzo Muhammad Sharif ibn Qozi tomonidan ko\u02bbchirilgan) va 8869 (812\/1409 yilda Nur ibn Muhsin Nizomiy tomonidan ko\u02bbchirilgan) nusxalari ham mavjud. Bu yerdagi qo\u02bblyozma jami 3 tani tashkil yetadi.[3]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cManor\u201d asariga yozilgan sharhlar.\u00a0<\/strong>Abul Barakot Nasafiyning \u201cManor\u201d asari ilm ahllari tomonidan e\u02bczozlanib, ta\u02bclim muassasalarida o\u02bbqitilgan, ko\u02bbplab sharh, hoshiya, qisqartma va nazmlar bitilgan. Tadqiqotchilarning xulosasiga ko\u02bbra, ushbu asarga jami yuzdan ortiq sharh, hoshiya hamda nazmlar bitilgan. Maqola hajmi cheklanganligi sabab quyida ushbu kitob sharhlarining eng mashhurlaridan ba\u02bczilarini sanab o\u02bbtamiz:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u201cKashful-asror fi sharhil-manor\u201d<\/em>. Bu muallifning o\u02bbz asariga yozgan ilk sharhi bo\u02bblib, bu sharh barcha sharhlarning gultojidir. Bu asar bir ncha marta, shu jumladan 1406\/1986 yilda Bayrutda \u201cNurul-anvor\u201d nomli\u00a0 \u201cManor\u201dning boshqa bir sharhi\u00a0 bilan nashr qilingan.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. \u201c<\/em>Jami<\/em>\u02bcu-<\/em>l<\/em>\u2013<\/em>asror fisharhi<\/em>\u2013<\/em>l<\/em>\u2013<\/em>manor<\/em>\u201d<\/em>.[4]<\/a>\u00a0Asar muallifi Qovamuddin Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad Sanjoriy Kokiy hanafiy (vaf. 749\/1348 h.) usul al-fiqh olimlaridan bo\u02bblib, Abul Barakot Nasafiyning eng yaqin shogirdi hisoblanadi.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. \u201cIfo<\/em>z<\/em>atul<\/em>\u2013<\/em>anvor fi izoati usulil<\/em>\u2013<\/em>manor\u201d<\/em>. Kitob muallifi Sa\u02bcduddiyn AbulFazoil Mahmud ibn Muhammad Dehlaviy(vaf. 891\/1486 y.).<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. \u201cIfo<\/em>z<\/em>atul<\/em>\u2013<\/em>anvor\u00a0<\/em>sharhul-<\/em>manor\u201d<\/em>. Kitob muallifi shayx muhammad Aloiddin al-Haskafiy al-hanafiy (vaf.1088\/1677y.). u hanafiy mazhabi furu\u02bciga oid mashhur kitoblardan biri \u201cdurrul-muxtor\u201d asarining muallifidir. uning birinchi nashri 1300\/1883-yilda Istanbuldagi \u201cMuhammad Asad\u201d nashriyotida, Qohiradagi \u201cDarul-kutubil-arobiyya\u201d nashriyotida ham 1328\/1910-yilda, Qohiradagi \u201cMustafo al-Bobiy al-Halabiy\u201d nashriyotida 1399\/1979-yillarda bir necha bor bosilgan.<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. \u201cNasamatul<\/em>\u2013<\/em>as<\/em>h<\/em>or<\/em>\u00a0sharh ifozatul-anvor\u201d<\/em>. Kitob muallifi \u201cibn Obidiyn\u201d nomi bilan tanilgan alloma Muhammad Amin ibn Umar ash-Shomiydir (vaf. 1252\/1836y.). U bir necha marta Qohira, Karatchi, Istanbul va Bayrutning nashriyotlarida chop etilgan.<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. \u201cNurul<\/em>\u2013<\/em>anvor fi sharhil<\/em>\u2013<\/em>manor\u201d<\/em>.muallifi Mulla Jiyvan deb tanilgan Ahmadibn Abu Sa\u02bciyd Abdulloh ibn Abdurrazzoq Sodiyqiy Hindiy(vaf.1130\/1718 y.).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Aynan shu sharh hozirgi kunda yurtimizning ayrim diniy o\u02bbquv yurtlarida usulul-fiqh fanidan darslik sifatida keng foydalanib kelinmoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u201cQuvtul axyor sharh nuril-anvor\u201d<\/em>. Asar muallifi fazilatli shayx Islomul-Haq As\u02bcadiy muzohiriydir. Muallif uni arabchadan urdu tiliga tarjima qilib, so\u02bbng batafsil sharhlagan. U karachida chop etilgan.<\/span><\/li>\n
    2. \u201cXulosatul-anvor sharh nuril-anvor\u201d<\/em>. Asar muallifi muftiy Abdulg\u02bbafur hazrat. Ushbu asar ham \u201cnurul anvor\u201dning urdu tilidagi sharhi hisoblanadi. U pokiston poytaxti karachida chop etilgan.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Xulosa o\u02bbrnida shuni aytish lozimki, birgina risolaga yozilgan ko\u02bbplab sharhlar uning naqadar yuksak qiymatga va chuqur ma\u02bcnoga ega ekanidan dalolat qiladi. Bu kabi asarlarni tadqiq qilish bugungi kunda yurtimizda islomiy ilmlarning yanada rivojlanishida muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar ro\u02bbyxati:<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        Maqsudov D. Abul-Barakot Nasafiyning tafsir ilmida tutgan o\u02bbrni: Tar. fan. nom. \u2026 diss. avtoref. \u2013 T.: TIU, 2008<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
      2. \n
        Muhammad Abdulhay Laknaviy. Favoidul-bahiya fi tarojimil-hanafiya, \u2013 Qozon: Tipografiya imperatorskogo universiteta,<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
      3. \n
        Hoji Xalifa (Ismoil Posho). Hadiyyatul-orifiyn. \u2013 Bayrut: Ihyout-turosil-arabiy, 1884<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
      4. \n
        Uvatov U. Yurtimiz allomalari. \u2013 Toshkent: Nihol, 2014.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
      5. \n
        Abul Barakot an-Nasafiy. Manor al-anvor fi usul ul-fiqh. \u2013 Madinatul Munavvara: Dor as-Siroj, 2011.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
      6. \n
        Islom ensiklopediyasi. \u2013 Toshkent: O\u02bbzbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi davlat ilmiy nashriyoti, 2017.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
      7. \n
        100 Markaziy Osiyo mutafakkirlari \u2013 Toshkent: Yangi Nashr, 2011.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        Shahodat T\u0415MUROVA,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
        Buxoro shahar \u201cJo\u02bbybori Kalon\u201d ayol-qizlar o\u02bbrta maxsus islom ta\u02bclim muassasasi talabasi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Usul ul-fiqh fani dalillar va hukmlarga oid fan bo\u02bblgani bois, bu ilmni to\u02bblaqonli anglash kishidan katta mohirlikni talab qilganligi sababidan bu fanga oid asarlarni mujtahid ulamolargina yozishgan. Ma\u02bclumki, hanafiy mazhabi bo\u02bbyicha usul al-fiqh ilmi Movarounnahrda bir necha bosqichlarda rivojlangan. Faxr ul-islom Bazdaviy va Shamsul-aimma Saraxsiylar hanafiy mazhabining bu ilmni eng yuqori darajaga olib chiqqan allomalar …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26027,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u201cAL-MANOR\u201d \u2013 USUL UL-FIQHGA OID NODIR MANBA - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u201cAL-MANOR\u201d \u2013 USUL UL-FIQHGA OID NODIR MANBA\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=26028&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201cAL-MANOR\u201d \u2013 USUL UL-FIQHGA OID NODIR MANBA - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u201cAL-MANOR\u201d \u2013 USUL UL-FIQHGA OID NODIR MANBA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=26028&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bukharicenter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-12-30T03:28:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-12-28T05:29:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/bukhari_buxoriy2022_196.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"330\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=26028&lang=oz\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=26028&lang=oz\",\"name\":\"\u201cAL-MANOR\u201d \u2013 USUL UL-FIQHGA OID NODIR MANBA - 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