{"id":25622,"date":"2022-11-28T08:23:57","date_gmt":"2022-11-28T03:23:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=25622"},"modified":"2022-11-24T10:24:14","modified_gmt":"2022-11-24T05:24:14","slug":"nasiriddin-tusiyning-jahon-ilmu-fani-taraqqiyotiga-qo%ca%bbshgan-hissasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=25622&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"NASIRIDDIN TUSIYNING JAHON ILMU-FANI TARAQQIYOTIGA QO\u02bbSHGAN HISSASI"},"content":{"rendered":"

XIII-XIV asrlar Ozarbayjon xalqining tarixida bunyodkorlik davri bo\u02bbldi. Uning hududida hunarmandchilik va savdo, arxitektura inshootlari (masjid, madrasa, ko\u02bbpriklar, karvonsaroylar), shuningdek yangi ochilgan madrasalarda ilohiyot bilan bir qatorda dunyoviy fanlar o\u02bbqitilib kutubxonalar qurib bitkazildi. Bu davrning eng muhim yutuqlari turli fanlar jumladan, matematika, astronomiya, \u00a0tibbiyot, mantiq, falsafa, huquqshunoslik va hokazolar sohasidagi \u00a0muvaffaqiyatlar \u00a0shiddati bilan ko\u02bbzga tashlanar ekan,bu borada o\u02bbz davrining buyuk olimi bo\u02bblgan Nasiriddin Tusiyning ilmiy merosini har tomonlama o\u02bbrganish muhim ahamiyatga egadir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhammad Nasiriddin Tusiy (Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Hasan Nasiriddin \u00a0at- Tusiy)- XIII asrning buyuk Eron, Ozarbayjon va O\u02bbrta Osiyo ilmiy va falsafiy g\u02bboyalarining rivojlanishida markaziy o\u02bbrin egallagan buyuk qomusiy olim va ko\u02bbplab asarlar muallifidir. U 1201 yil 18 fevralda Eronning Hamadon shahrida tug\u02bbilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nasiriddin Tusiy faoliyatining turli jihatlariga bag\u02bbishlangan mahalliy va xorijiy olimlarning ko\u02bbplab asarlari mavjud bo\u02bblib, bularga (Shmid 1913 yil, Rozenfeld \u00a01953 yil, Braun 1956 yil, M.N.Boltayev 1965 yil, Mamedbeyli 1961 yil, M.Dinorshoyev 1968 yil, Madelung 1974 yil, Iqbol 1976 yil, Badi 1977 yil, Eyvazov 1980 yil va boshqalarni misol keltirish mumkin). Bu olimlarning ko\u02bbpgina asarlarida buyuk mutafakkirning ilmiy merosi o\u02bbz aksini topgan. Jumladan, G.Mamedbeylining \u201cMarog\u02bba observatoriyasining asoschisi Muhammad Nasiriddin Tusiy\u201d nomli fundamental monografiyasi muhim ahamiyatga ega bo\u02bblib, muallif Tusiyning astronomiya,trigonometriya, geografiya va boshqa fanlarga qo\u02bbshgan hissasini alohida ta\u02bckidlagan.[1]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Qomusiy olim Nasiriddin Tusiyning ilmiy merosi Yaqin va O\u02bbrta Sharq \u00a0mamlakatlari, shuningdek, G\u02bbarbiy Yevropaning ko\u02bbplab olimlariga ham o\u02bbz ta\u02bcsirini ko\u02bbrsatdi. Shu bilan birga algebra, trigonometriya, etika, kosmologiya, tarix, huquq, axloq, mantiq, tibbiyot, minerologiya, ilohiyot, xattotlik sohalarida mutafakkirning asarlari yetakchi o\u02bbrinlardan birini egallagan.\u00a0[2]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Nasiriddin Tusiy butun umri davomida turli xil kitoblar yozish bilan birga, uning dunyoqarashining kengligi va yunon tilini mukammal bilishi unga ko\u02bbplab manbalardan foydalanish imkonini berdi. U qadimgi yunon olimlari \u00a0Arximed, Yevklid, Teodosiy, Aristarx, Ptolomey va boshqa bir qator faylasuflarning asarlarini tarjima qilib, ularning rang-barangligiga o\u02bbz hissasini qo\u02bbshdi.\u00a0[3]<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Nasiriddin Tusiy o\u02bbz tarjimai holida ilm o\u02bbrganish maqsadida juda ko\u02bbplab olimlar bilan uchrashganligi va ulardan olgan saboqlari sababli fanlarning turli sohalarini takomillashtirishda davom etganligini ta\u02bckidlab o\u02bbtadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0U ilm olgan \u00a0ustozlari haqida to\u02bbxtalar ekan, matematika, astronomiya, trigonometriya bo\u02bbyicha Kamoliddin Abdul Fattoh Muso Mosuliy, falsafa ilmini Qutbiddin Misriy, musulmon fiqhini Shayx Mo\u02bbyniddin, mantiq ilmini Faariddin Damad va boshqalardan o\u02bbrganligini e\u02bctirof etadi.[4]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Alamutda ismoiliylar hukmroni qo\u02bbl ostida xizmat qilib yurgan Nasiriddin Tusiy ismoiliylarning so\u02bbngi hukmdori Hur Shox Rukn ad-din ibn Alod-din III ga \u00a0\u00a0mo\u02bbg\u02bbullarga qarshilik ko\u02bbrsatish foydasiz ekanligini isbotlab \u00a0hukmdorni \u00a0mo\u02bbg\u02bbul \u00a0xoni Xulaguxonga taslim bo\u02bblishga ko\u02bbndiradi va ismoiliylar hukmdori 1256 yilda Xulaguxonga taslim bo\u02bbladi.[5]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Mo\u02bbg\u02bbul xoni Xulaguxon mutafakkir \u00a0Nasiriddin Tusiyning ilmini, siyosatni chuqur tushunadigan qobiliyatini juda qadrlagan. Faylasufning xon ishonchini qozonishga sazovor bo\u02bblishi ismoiliylar kutubxonasini saqlab qolishiga jiddiy sabab bo\u02bblgan edi.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Nasiriddin Tusiyning ilm-fandagi tarixiy xizmatlaridan biri Marog\u02bba shahridagi Fanlar Akademiyasi nomi bilan\u00a0 mashhur bo\u02bblgan astoromik rasadxonaga (1259-1260) asos solishidir. Bugun janubiy Ozarbayjon \u00a0hududida \u00a0joylashgan va o\u02bbz davrining eng yirik ilmiy markazi bo\u02bblgan bu rasadxona ko\u02bbpchilik mamlakatlar astronomiyasining rivojlanishiga katta ta\u02bcsir ko\u02bbrsatdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Marog\u02bba rasadxonasida turli mamlakatlardan olimlar kelib, bir qancha astronomik asboblarni ixtiro qilishar ekan, ular orasida qum soatlari, suv va moyli soatlarini misol keltirish mumkin. Bundan tashqari rasadxonada yer va samoviy globuslar tayyorlangan. Bugungi kunda bunday asboblar eksponati Germaniyaning Drezden shahridagi matematika va fizika bo\u02bbyicha tashkil etilgan muzeyda saqlanmoqda va ommaga ko\u02bbrgazmaga\u00a0 qo\u02bbyilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Marog\u02bba rasadxonasida va kutubxonasida yuzdan ortiq olimlar, xodimlar va yosh tadqiqotchilar Nasiriddin Tusiy bilan birga ishlagan va ilmiy amaliyotni o\u02bbtagan. Allomaning o\u02bbzi esa falsafa, kalligrafiya, matematika, astronomiya va boshqa fanlardan mashg\u02bbulotlarini olib borgan. Bu dargohda tahsil olgan \u00a0har bir mutaxassis olimlar o\u02bbz vataniga qaytgach olgan ilmi va egallagan tajribasi bo\u02bbyicha o\u02bbz yurtining ilm-fanini rivojlantirishga o\u02bbz hissasini qo\u02bbshgan. Marog\u02bba astranomlarining\u00a0 mutafakkir rahbarligida olib borgan 12 yillik (1259-1271 yillar) kuzatuvi \u00a0natijasida \u201cZich Ilxoniy\u201d jadvali yaratildi. Bu mashhur jadvalda 256ta shaharning jug\u02bbrofiy koordinatalari hamda quyosh va sayyoralar katalogi mavjud.[6]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Taniqli ingliz matematigi va iqtisodchisi Artur Berri shunday deb yozadi: \u201cAstronomiyaning Yevropadagi muvaffaqiyatlarini ko\u02bbrib chiqishga o\u02bbtishdan oldin biz varvar xalqlari orasida ilmiy qiziqishlarning nihoyatda tez o\u02bbsishini tavsiflagan Sharqdagi yana ikkita astronomik maktab haqida eslatib o\u02bbtishimiz lozim\u2026..bu yerda faoliyat olib borgan olimlar foydalangan astronomik jihozlar o\u02bbzining mahobati va konstruksiyasining yaxlitligi bilan o\u02bbsha davrda Yevropada ishlatilgan Kopernik davri va Tixo Braga davridagi jihozlardan farqlanib eng yaxshilari edi.\u201d[7]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Shunday qilib, Nasiriddin Tusiy asos solgan Marog\u02bba rasadxonasi o\u02bbzining ilmiy salohiyati, professional astronomik asboblari va eng boy kutubxonasi bilan XIII asrning jahon ahamiyati uchun\u00a0 eng yirik ilmiy markazi sifatida \u201cO\u02bbrta asrlar Fanlar akademiyasi\u201dsi edi.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a>\u00a0F.Alekperli \u00a0600 let do Darvina: evolyutsionnqe vzglyadq\u00a0 Naseriddina Tusi. T\u044bsyacha i odin sekret Vostoka Tom II, Baku \u201cNurlan\u201d 2008, s.142<\/span><\/div>\n
[2]<\/a>\u00a0M.G.Saidbeyli Stranitsa jizni i tvorchestva srednevekovogo azerbaydjanskogo uchyonogo Nasir-ad-dina at-Tusi. Material\u044b XLII Mejadunarodnoy godichnoy nauchnoy konferensii Sankt-Peterburgskogo otdeleniya Rossiyskogo natsionalnogo komiteta\u00a0 po istorii i filosofii nauki i texniki Rossiyskoy akademii nauk.\u00a0(25\u201329 oktyabrya 2021 goda)<\/em>\u00a0 V\u044bpusk XXXVII Sankt-Peterburg 2021). S.53<\/span><\/div>\n
[3]<\/a>\u00a0Buniyatov Z.M. Nasir ad-Din at-Tusi: nov\u044bye biograficheskiye dann\u044bye \/\/ Izvestiya AN Azerb. SSR. Ser. istorii filosofii i prava. 1982. \u2116 2.\u00a0 S.70<\/span><\/div>\n
[4]<\/a>\u00a0Mardanov M. Aslanov R. ROL NASIR\u0415DDINA TUSI V RAZVITII MAT\u0415MATICH\u0415SKOGO OBRAZOVANIYA<\/span><\/div>\n
https:\/\/www.mathedu.ru\/text\/materialy_36_seminara_prepodavateley_matematiki_t1_2017\/p29\/<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n
[5]<\/a>\u00a0Rashid ad-din F. Djami-at-Tavarix \u201cSbornik letopisey\u201d . T. III \/ Per. s pers. A.K. Arendsa, otv. red. V.V. Struve. M.; L.: Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1946. 340 s.<\/span><\/div>\n
[6]<\/a>\u00a0M.G. Seidbeyli Stranis\u044b jizni i tvorchestva srednevekovogo azerbaydjanskogo uchenogo Nasir ad-dina at-Tusi\u00a0 (Nauka i texnika: Vopros\u044b istorii i teorii\u00a0Material\u044b XLII\u00a0<\/em>Mejdunarodnoy godichnoy nauchnoy konferensii Sankt-Peterburgskogo otdeleniya Rossiyskogo natsionalnogo komiteta po istorii i filosofii nauki i texniki Rossiyskoy akademii nauk (25\u201329 oktyabrya 2021 goda)\u00a0 V\u044bpusk XXXVII. S. 56.<\/span><\/div>\n
[7]<\/a>\u00a0A.Berri Kratkaya istoriya astronomii Moskva 1946, S.76<\/span><\/div>\n
Feruza ABDULLAYEVA,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
Buxoro davlat universiteti tarix va madaniy meros<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
fakulteti mustaqil tadqiqotchisi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

XIII-XIV asrlar Ozarbayjon xalqining tarixida bunyodkorlik davri bo\u02bbldi. Uning hududida hunarmandchilik va savdo, arxitektura inshootlari (masjid, madrasa, ko\u02bbpriklar, karvonsaroylar), shuningdek yangi ochilgan madrasalarda ilohiyot bilan bir qatorda dunyoviy fanlar o\u02bbqitilib kutubxonalar qurib bitkazildi. Bu davrning eng muhim yutuqlari turli fanlar jumladan, matematika, astronomiya, \u00a0tibbiyot, mantiq, falsafa, huquqshunoslik va hokazolar sohasidagi \u00a0muvaffaqiyatlar \u00a0shiddati bilan ko\u02bbzga tashlanar …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":25620,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[650],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nNASIRIDDIN TUSIYNING JAHON ILMU-FANI TARAQQIYOTIGA QO\u02bbSHGAN HISSASI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"NASIRIDDIN TUSIYNING JAHON ILMU-FANI TARAQQIYOTIGA QO\u02bbSHGAN HISSASI\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=25622&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"NASIRIDDIN TUSIYNING JAHON ILMU-FANI TARAQQIYOTIGA QO\u02bbSHGAN HISSASI - 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