{"id":23128,"date":"2022-07-26T10:15:20","date_gmt":"2022-07-26T05:15:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=23128"},"modified":"2022-07-26T10:15:31","modified_gmt":"2022-07-26T05:15:31","slug":"qutayba-ibn-muslim-maqbarasi-haqida-yangi-ma%ca%bclumotlar-qadimshunoslar-mulohazalari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=23128&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"QUTAYBA IBN MUSLIM MAQBARASI HAQIDA YANGI MA\u02bcLUMOTLAR (qadimshunoslar mulohazalari)"},"content":{"rendered":"

amol al-Qarshiyning \u201cMulxakat as-Surax\u201d asarida Markaziy Osiyoning VIII-XIII asrlar tarixiga oid ko\u02bbplab qiziqarli voqealari qatorida Qutayba ibn Muslim to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida ham ma\u02bclumotlar qoldirilgan. Unda yozilishicha,\u00a0Ganam Abu Xafs Qutayba ibn Muslim ibn Amr al-Baxili\u00a0<\/strong>(660-715 yillar yashagan) taniqli arab lashkarboshisi, O\u02bbrta Osiyoda islom dinining tarqalishida faol qatnashgan tarixiy shaxs bo\u02bblgan [1]. Bunga qo\u02bbshimcha tarzda boshqa bir manbada Qutayba ibn Muslim \u2013 mashhur arab lashkarboshisi va Xuroson amiri bo\u02bblgani, 705-715 yillarda Marvda hukm surgani to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida ma\u02bclumot berilgan [2:335].<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu ma\u02bclumotlar arab manbalarida ancha keng yoritilgan ko\u02bbrinsa-da, ularning aksariyat qismi bir-birini takrorlaydi [3:125,5:268,8:416]. Shunday manbalardan biri al-Balozuriyning \u201cFutux al-Buldon\u201d asari hisoblanadi. Bu asarga berilgan \u201cIzohlar\u201d qismida kitobni nashrga tayyorlovchilar keltirgan 145-izohda Qutayba ibn Muslim al-Baxili to\u02bbg\u02bbisida qisqa ma\u02bclumot berilgan. Bu ma\u02bclumotlar shuningdek, at-Tabariy, Ibn-Xallikan, az-Zarakli kabi mualliflarning asarlarida ham uchrashiga havola yozilgan [5:65]. Kitobda Qutayba ibn Muslim al-Baxilining 669 yilda tug\u02bbilgani, uning otasi xalifa Yazid davrida taniqli inson bo\u02bblgani aytiladi. Qutayba xalifa Abdul Malik ibn Marvon davrida Ray shahrining noibi, 704 yildan vafotiga qadar Xuroson o\u02bblkasiga voliy-hokim bo\u02bblgani to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida ham ma\u02bclumot qoldirilgan. Shuningdek, manbada Qutaybaning 715 yilda Farg\u02bbonada bo\u02bblgani, xalifa Sulaymonga qarshi isyon ko\u02bbtargani, lekin askarlari uni qo\u02bbllab-quvvatlamagani va ular Qutaybani o\u02bbldirgani bayon qilinadi [4:65].<\/span><\/p>\n

Yana bir manba muallifi \u2013 Jamol al-Qarshiyning yozishicha, 715 yilning avgust oyida \u201cQutayba qo\u02bbzg\u02bbaloni\u201d [7:108] paytida o\u02bbz lashkarlari xalifa Sulaymon ibn Abd al-Malik (715-717 yillar)ning amr farmoniga ko\u02bbra o\u02bbldiradi [5:119].<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu borada Olma-otada chop etilgan Jamol al-Qarshiyning \u201cal-Mulxakat bi-s-surax\u201d asarida quyidagicha ma\u02bclumotlarni ko\u02bbrish mumkin: \u201cAbu Xafs Qutayba ibn Muslim ibn Amr al-Baxili 716 yil zulhijja oyining 26 sida, ya\u02bcni chorshanba kuni Farg\u02bbonada o\u02bbldirilgan va Kalij qishlog\u02bbida dafn etilgan\u201d [8:114].<\/span><\/p>\n

Shu o\u02bbrinda Qutayba ibn Muslimning tug\u02bbilgan sanasi va vafot etgan vaqti borasidagi ma\u02bclumotlarga e\u02bctibor qaratish lozim ko\u02bbrinadi. Ko\u02bbplab ma\u02bclumot beruvchi manba va adabiyotlarda uning tug\u02bbilgan sanasi haqida alohida ma\u02bclumot uchramaydi. Faqat birgina manbaning izohlar qismida uning tug\u02bbilgan yili 669 yil ekaniga ishora qilingan [6:65]. Yana shu manbaning o\u02bbzida uning 55 yoshda vafot etgani yoziladi [6:32]. Shuningdek, boshqa manbalarda ham u 715 yilda o\u02bbldirilgani, u vafot etgan vaqtda 55 yoshda ekani to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida ma\u02bclumotlar qoldirilgan [9:76,10:55,11:487]. Ochiq ensiklopediya hisoblangan Vikipediyada Qutayba ibn Muslimning tug\u02bbilgan sanasi 668 yil sifatida kiritilgan [13]. Ayrim internet sahifalarida Qutayba ibn Muslimning 661 yilda tug\u02bbilgani, u Movarounnahrda 13 yil hukmronlik qilgani va 48 yoshida shahid ketgani to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida ma\u02bclumotlar keltirilgan [14].<\/span><\/p>\n

Shu jihatdan manbalarga e\u02bctibor qaratgan holda 715 yil Qutayba ibn Muslimning vafot etgan sanasi bo\u02bblsa, u vafot etgan vaqtda 55 yoshda bo\u02bblgani nazarda tutilsa, Qutayba ibn Muslim 660 yilda tavallud topgani eng to\u02bbg\u02bbri sana bo\u02bblishi kerak, deb o\u02bbylaymiz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ko\u02bbplab tarixiy manbalarda Qutayba ibn Muslim hozirgi Andijon viloyati Jalaquduq tumani Paxtakor fermerlar uyushmasiga qarashli Qilichmozor (bu termin turli manbalarda Kulidj, Qlich, Kulidj-Mazar, ko\u02bbrinishlarida uchraydi) qishlog\u02bbi hududida joylashgan qabristonda dafn etilgan deyiladi [5:108]. Bu fikrni taniqli sharqshunoslar V.V.Bartold, B.G\u02bbofurov, B.Axmedovlar ham tan olgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ammo ta\u02bckidlash joizki, Qutayba ibn Muslimning halok bo\u02bblgan joyi va uni qabri adabiyotlarda ayrim manbalarga havola qilingan holda turli joylarda ko\u02bbrsatiladi. Masalan, Balozuriy o\u02bbz asarida (IX asr) keltirgan arab shoiri Ibn Juman al-Baxilining she\u02bcrida qabr Xitoyda deyilsa, Tabariyda (X asr) Xurosonda deyiladi. Yana bir manba Narshaxiyning \u201cBuxoro tarixi\u201dda (XII asr) Qutayba ibn Muslim qabri Farg\u02bbona vodiysida ekani qayd etiladi [15:170-171]. Arxeolog V.A.Shishkin, etnograf O.A.Suxareva Qutayba ibn Muslimning Buxorodagi qabri haqida xabar beradi. Ammo Sadriddin Ayniy bu fikrga e\u02bctiroz bildirib, Qutaybaning Buxoroda mozori emas, qadamjosi bo\u02bblganini ta\u02bckidlaydi [15:171]. Jamol al-Qarshiyning yozishicha, Qutayba ibn Muslim Kulidj qishlog\u02bbidagi qadimgi qabristonga qo\u02bbyilgan [8:114-115]. Boshqa bir manbada arab sarkardasi Sarxangning karvon saroyi yaqinidagi Kox qishlog\u02bbiga dafn etilgan [10:55]. Mashhur sharqshunos V.V.Bartold Kulidj va Kox atamalari bir ma\u02bcnoga ega ekanini, faqat Kulidj (Klich) so\u02bbzi arab alifbosida Kox deb, buzib yozilganini aytadi. Boshqa bir manbaga ko\u02bbra, Qutayba Ustrushonaning Mink degan joyida halok bo\u02bblgan [15:171].<\/span><\/p>\n

Yuqorida ta\u02bckidlaganimizdek, Jamol al-Qarshiy aytgan fikr, ya\u02bcni Qutayba ibn Muslim Kulidj (Qlich, Qilich bir-birlariga yaqin) qishlog\u02bbida dafn etilgan degan ma\u02bclumot haqiqatga yaqin. Qolaversa, mahalliy aholi orasida Qilich Mozor (Kulidj Mazar) atamasi uzoq vaqtdan beri keng foydalaniladi [17:26-27].<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu ziyoratgohda masjid va maqbara qadim davrlardan buyon mavjud bo\u02bblgan. Biroq sovetlar davridagi dinga munosabat bu ziyoratgohga ham ta\u02bcsir ko\u02bbrsatgan. Uzoq vaqt unga e\u02bctibor qaratilmagan. Onda-sonda ayrim olimu ulamolar maqbara va masjidga tashrif buyurib turgan. Hali biror marta ham bu yodgorlikning xususiyatlari ochib berilmagan, mutaxassislar tomonidan o\u02bbrganilmagan (A.K.Pisarchik bundan mustasno).<\/span><\/p>\n

Dastlab, 1925 yilda Ye.K.Betger Qilich Mozorni borib ko\u02bbrgan va 6ta me\u02bcmoriy bezak qoplamalarini qayd etgan. Bezakli qoplamalarning bittasida\u00a0\u201c\u2026 djumad-ul-avval oyida\u2026\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>yozuvi bitilgani aniqlangan [15:174]. 2021 yilda topilgan me\u02bcmoriy bezak qoplamalardagi (3-rasm) o\u02bbyib bitilgan yozuvlarni tadqiq etgan xattot, Andijon viloyati tarixi va madaniyati davlat muzeyi bo\u02bblim mudiri G\u02bbanijon Xoji aka Qosimovning fikricha, bezakli qoplamlarning birida\u00a0\u201cash-shahid\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>so\u02bbzi arab xatining\u00a0suls<\/em>\u00a0<\/strong>turida yozilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

1946 yilda etnograf A.K.Pisarchik Xalq tilidagi \u201cImom shayx Qutayba mozori\u201dni ziyorat qilgan. Uning yozishicha uncha katta bo\u02bblmagan maqbara pishiq g\u02bbishtdan tiklangan. Uni mashhur me\u02bcmor Yusuf Ali Musayev bir necha marta, oxirgi marta 1938 yili ko\u02bbrgan. Bu binoning portal (old kirish qismi \u2013 peshtoqi \u2013\u00a0mualliflar<\/em>) qismining balandligi 4 metr, eni 3 metr bo\u02bblgan [15:172]. Uni qoldiqlari, ya\u02bcni \u201cme\u02bcmoriy bezak qoplamalari\u201dning 2ta bo\u02bblagi o\u02bbrganish uchun Toshkentga O\u02bbrta Osiyo davlat universiteti (hozir O\u02bbzbekiston Milliy universiteti) arxeologiya kafedrasi muzeyiga olib ketilgan [15:172]. Bino va uning portal (peshtoq) qismini qachon va kim bunyod etgani noma\u02bclum. Hozirgacha bu majmuada arxeologik qazishmalar olib borilmagan. Faqat ayrim arxeologlar (M.Ye.Masson) va etnograflar (A.K.Pisarchik) tashrif buyurib yodgorlikdan qoraxoniylar davriga oid materiallar yig\u02bbishgani aytiladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qutayba ibn Muslim maqbarasi va masjidining hududida keyingi 100 yilda olib borilgan qurilish va ta\u02bcmirlash ishlari paytida yana bir necha me\u02bcmoriy bezak qoplamalari (plitkalar) topilgan. 2021 yil aprel-may oylaridagi obodonlashtirish va ko\u02bbkalamzorlashtirish ishlari vaqtida maqbaraning sag\u02bbana va yon qismida yangi aniqlangan ana shunday topilmalar topildi (3-rasm). Buni hisobga olib Andijon viloyati madaniy meros boshqarmasi qurilish ishlarini vaqtincha to\u02bbxtatdi. Shundan so\u02bbng ziyoratgoh hududida arxeologik kuzatuv ishlari olib borish rejalashtirildi va O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi madaniy meros bosh boshqarmasi arxeologiya bo\u02bblimining boshlig\u02bbi A.Yorqulov kichik hajmdagi ishlarni amalga oshirdi (maqbaraning sharqiy qismida 2×1 m. hajmda chuqurligi 1-1,5 m. keladigan, janubiy tarafda 3×1 va chuqurligi 0,5 m. keladigan shurflar tushirilgan).<\/span><\/p>\n

O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi FA Milliy arxeologiya markazi Samarqand arxeologiya institutining alohida guruhi 2021 yilning may va iyun oylarida ziyoratgohning sharqiy tomonida, Qutayba ibn Muslim qabri atrofida 9×9 metr o\u02bblchamdagi maydonda (1-rasm) arxeologik qazishma ishlarini olib bordi (6-rasm). Qazishma ishlarida Andijon viloyati Madaniy meros boshqarmasi, Bobur jamoat fondi, Qilichmozor mahalla masjidining xodimlari qatnashdi. Mavjud madaniy qatlamlar va qurilish qoldiqlari o\u02bbrganildi. Madaniy qatlamlardagi topilmalar juda kam miqdorda, asosan sopol buyumlarning mayda parchalari qayd etildi (5-rasm). Bu tushunarli holat, qadimgi maqbara, qadamjo, ibodatxona va masjidlarda xo\u02bbjalikda foydalaniladigan buyumlar (asosan sopol idishlar) kam uchraydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lekin ziyoratgoh atrofidan ko\u02bbp sonli topilmalar aniqlangan bo\u02bblib, ular asosan Qoraxoniylar davriga oid (4-rasm). Yozma manbalarda uchraydigan \u201cRaboti Sarxang\u201d degan joyda Kox deb ataladigan qishloqqa e\u02bctibor qaratilsa, tadqiqotlar vaqtida ziyoratgohdan 700 m. shimolda Qilichmozortepa arxeologik yodgorligi joylashganini, ziyoratgohning janubi-sharqiy tomonidagi mahalliy qabriston va unga tutash yerlarda esa qariyb 5 ga. maydonni egallagan qadimgi tepalik o\u02bbrni bo\u02bblganini aniqlash mumkin (7-rasm). Fikrimizcha, aynan shu yerda qadimgi davrda, qolaversa, aynan Qutayba ibn Muslim bu hududlarga kirib kelgan vaqtda Kox qishlog\u02bbi yoki yuqorida aytilgan \u201cRaboti Sarxang\u201d degan joy bo\u02bblgan bo\u02bblishi kerak [15:172,18]. Shu atrofdagi ko\u02bbtarma materiallar va tepaliklar bundan dalolat bermoqda. Bu borada yanada aniq ma\u02bclumotlarni aytish uchun albatta kelajakda bu hududni arxeologlar to\u02bbliq o\u02bbrganishi kerak bo\u02bbladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qabr va sag\u02bbanaga tegmagan holda olib borilgan arxeologik qazishmalar Qilichmozordagi buzilgan maqbara ostidagi qabr ko\u02bbhna ekanini va uning qurilish tarixining davriy sanalari va xususiyatlariga ko\u02bbra quyidagicha bo\u02bblganini ko\u02bbrsatmoqda:<\/span><\/p>\n

1) Qabr ustida eng dastlabki paxsadan ko\u02bbtarilgan to\u02bbrtburchak supasimon inshoot qayd etildi: O\u02bblchamlari 280x300x380x400 sm, qalinligi 75 sm.dan 115 sm.gacha boradi (2-rasm). Sifatli loydan yaxshi pishirilgan paxsa yordamida tiklangan. Paxsa juda qattiq va yaxshi saqlangan. Supasimon inshoot pishirilgan somonli loydan bir necha marta suvalib ta\u02bcmirlangan (6-rasm).<\/span><\/p>\n

2) Supasimon inshoot vaqti-vaqti bilan ta\u02bcmirlangan, buning uchun 26x26x4 sm, 27x27x4 va 27x27x4,5 sm. o\u02bblchamli qizg\u02bbish rangli pishiq g\u02bbishtdan qurilma ostiga terilib, inshoot kuchaytirilgan. Qabr usti inshooti \u2013 sag\u02bbana ham bir necha bor somonli loy shuvoq qilingan (hozirda saqlangan sag\u02bbana 1975 yilda tiklangan). Uni ustida 4 dona (undan 2 donasi Toshkentga olib ketilgan) me\u02bcmoriy bezak qoplamalari turgan [15:172-173].<\/span><\/p>\n

3) Qoraxoniylar davri (X-XIII asrlar yoki 942-1212 yillar) qurilishi supacimon inshootning shimoli-sharqiy burchagida har ikki tomonda 24x24x4 cm; 25x25x4 sm; 26x26x4 sm. o\u02bblchamli och sariq rangli g\u02bbishtlardan tiklangan binoning bo\u02bblagi saqlangan (6-rasm). Bu davrdagi mahobatli bino (maqbara) mana shu supasimon inshootning ostidagi qabr bilan bog\u02bbliq bo\u02bblishi mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu davrda butun O\u02bbrta Osiyoda ulug\u02bb insonlarga qadamjo va ziyoratgohlar, maqbaralar barpo etish keng tarqalgan bo\u02bblib, Qutayba ibn Muslim uchun ham alohida maqbara qurilgan. Bu arxitektura obidasi O\u02bbrta Osiyoda keng tarqalgan bir peshtoqli (odnoportaln\u044bye) maqbaralar [20:156-178] sirasiga kirishi ehtimoldan holi emas.<\/span><\/p>\n

4) Maqbarada saqlanmagan mahobatli binoning portal (peshtoq) qismiga taalluqli me\u02bcmoriy bezak qoplamalarining bo\u02bblaklari (3-rasm) uchraydi. Bo\u02bblaklar maqbara va masjidning atrofida tarqalgan va bu hududdagi mahobatli binoga taalluqli bo\u02bblishi kerak. Bunday tipdagi portal (peshtoq) bo\u02bblaklari Urgut tumani hududida joylashgan XII asrga oid \u201cZakari Varrak\u201d nomli shaxsga atab qurilgan mahalliy aholi tilida Ravotxo\u02bbja deb aytiladigan maqbaraning kirish qismida (8.1-rasm) va X asr oxiriga oid Samarqand viloyati Nurobod tumani Tim qishlog\u02bbi Arabota mahalla fuqarolar yig\u02bbini hududida joylashgan Arab ota maqbarasining peshtoq qismida ham uchraydi (8.2-rasm). Maqbaraning ko\u02bbrki uning mahobatli peshtoqidir. Peshtoqning poyalarida kufiy yozuvi bor. Arab ota maqbarasi Movarounnahrda saqlanib qolgan eng qadimgi musulmon maqbaralaridan biri hisoblanadi. Uning peshtoqi o\u02bbsha davrda yaratilgan shu tipdagi binolarning dastlabki yetuk namunasidir. XI-XII asrlardagi arxitektura rivojiga u katta ta\u02bcsir ko\u02bbrsatgan [21:82,26:215-216]. Balki Qutayba ibn Muslimga atab qurilgan maqbarada ham xuddi shu usulda inshoot qurilgan bo\u02bblishi mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qutayba ibn Muslim ziyoratgohi atrofida topilayotgan me\u02bcmoriy bezak qoplamalarining bo\u02bblaklari tayyorlanish texnikasi va o\u02bblchamlariga ko\u02bbra ikki, ya\u02bcni X-XIII va XIV-XV asrlar bilan davrlanishi mumkin. Ziyoratgohdan topilgan kvadrat shaklidagi pishiq g\u02bbishtlar o\u02bblchamlariga ko\u02bbra Qoraxoniylar va Temuriylar (?) davri qurilishi amaliyotida foydalanilgan qurilish materiallari hisoblanadi. Bu davrlarga oid kulolchilik buyumlari (4-rasm) va qo\u02bbl tegirmon toshlari qabristondan va unga yaqin hududlardan ko\u02bbplab topilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

5) 1935-1940 yillarda yengil ta\u02bcmirlash ishlari olib borilgan. 1975 yili eng so\u02bbnggisi va keng hajmlisi o\u02bbsha paytdagi Andijon viloyati rahbari Bektosh Raximov boshchiligida amalga oshirilgan. Qabr ustiga ikki xonali maqbara tiklangan. Hozirda bu maqbara buzilgan va yangisi tiklanishi rejalashtirilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qilichmozor qishlog\u02bbida arxeologlarning birinchi marta olib borgan qazishmalari natijasida bu yerda Qoraxoniylar davriga (X-XIII asrlar) oid katta aholi yashash makoni bo\u02bblgani (fikrimizcha, bu manbalarda keltirilgan \u201cRaboti Sarxang\u201d degan joy, ya\u02bcni hozirgi vaqtda ziyoratgohning janubi-sharqiy qismidagi tepalik) va unda mahobatli bino (masjid va maqbara) faoliyat ko\u02bbrsatgani aniqlandi. Buni bir necha gektar maydonda yoyilib yotgan Qoraxoniylar davrining kvadrat o\u02bblchamdagi pishiq g\u02bbishtlari ham tasdiqlaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qazishmalar jarayonida maqbaraning janubiy tomonida tushirilgan 1×1 m. maydondagi va chuqurligi 0,5 m. keladigan kichik hajmli shurf ichida aniqlangan bitta tanga va qabriston hududida ko\u02bbtarma material sifatida topilgan yana bir tanga (yomon saqlangan) Samarqand arxeologiya instituti numizmat-olimlariga o\u02bbrganish uchun berilgan. Mutaxassislardan olingan (tangalarni A.Ataxadjayev o\u02bbrganib, ma\u02bclumot bergan) dastlabki ma\u02bclumotlarga ko\u02bbra, ulardan biri Qoraxoniylardan \u201cIloq Nasr b. Ali\u201dga tegishli bo\u02bblib, 403\/1012-1013 yillarda zarb etilgan. Ikkinchi tanga Qoraxoniylardan \u201cAxmad b. Ali\u201d (xoqon)ga tegishli bo\u02bblib, u Axsiketda, 413\/1022-1023 yillarda zarb qilingani aniqlandi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhim topilmalardan biri yuqorida tilga olingan naqshli va arab alifbosida yozuvi o\u02bbyib gul solingan me\u02bcmoriy bezak qoplamalarining bo\u02bblaklari hisoblanadi. XX asrning 40-yillarida M.Ye.Masson Toshkentga olib ketilgan me\u02bcmoriy bezak qoplamalarining bo\u02bblaklaridan bittasini o\u02bbrganib, unga sana beruvchi yozuv bitilganini aniqlagan. Parchaga 581-589 hijriy yillariga yoki 1185-1193 milodiy yillariga to\u02bbg\u02bbri keladigan yozuv tushirilgan. Demak, qabr atrofidagi qurilish qoldiqlari XII asr oxiri bilan bog\u02bbliq. Ya\u02bcni maqbaraning qurilishi 1185 yilda boshlanib 1193 yili yakuniga yetgan, degan xulosaga kelish mumkin (Maqbarani qurilishiga eng yaqin o\u02bbxshashlik 582 hijriy yili yoki 1186 yili bitkazilgan Janubiy O\u02bbzgan maqbarasini keltirish mumkin) [15:172-174]. Uni ta\u02bcmiri esa Temuriylar davri ya\u02bcni XIV asr bilan bog\u02bbliq bo\u02bblishi mumkin. Xususan, 1375 yilda Sohibqiron Amir Temur Farg\u02bbona vodiysining sharqiy nuqtasidagi Qoraxoniylar poytaxti bo\u02bblgan O\u02bbzgan shahriga tashrif buyurgan. Aytish joizki, Amir Temur Farg\u02bbona vodiysiga sharqdan kirib kelib, O\u02bbzgand, Marg\u02bbilon, Xo\u02bbjand orqali Samarqand tomon yo\u02bbl olgani ma\u02bclum [27:82]. Ayrim tadqiqotchilarning fikricha, Amir Temur yo\u02bblda Qutayba ibn Muslim maqbarasini ziyorat etgan bo\u02bblishi kerak. Chunki o\u02bbsha davrda Sohibqiron va uning hamrohlari islom dunyosidagi bu ziyoratgohni bilmasligi mumkin emas edi [22:206-206].<\/span><\/p>\n

Shunday qilib uncha katta bo\u02bblmagan maydondagi arxeologik qazishmalar natijasida qabrning atrofidan topilgan me\u02bcmoriy bezak qoplamalarining bo\u02bblaklaridagi yozuvlar 1185-1193 yillarda (yoki 581-589 xijriy yillari), shahid bo\u02bblgan insonga bag\u02bbishlab mahobatli bino (maqbara) qurilganini ko\u02bbrsatmoqda. Bu qabr islom dinining Movarounnahrda tarqalishida jonbozlik qilgan, shu yerda halok bo\u02bblgan va shu o\u02bblkada xoki poyi qo\u02bbnim topgan Qutayba ibn Muslimga taalluqli ekani haqiqatga yaqindir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Demak, Qilichmozordagi ko\u02bbhna qabriston kamida o\u02bbn to\u02bbrt asrlik tarixga ega va Qutayba ibn Muslimning qo\u02bbnim topgan so\u02bbnggi maskani bo\u02bblgan. Chunki aksariyat yozma manbalar va olingan qo\u02bbshimcha arxeologik ma\u02bclumotlar shundan dalolat bermoqda.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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    BOQIJON MATBOBOYEV,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi FA Milliy arxeologiya markazi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    Samarqand arxeologiya instituti<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    bosh ilmiy xodimi, tarix fanlari doktori, professor<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    \u00a0<\/div>\n
    XIKMATULLA XOSHIMOV,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi FA Milliy arxeologiya markazi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    Samarqand arxeologiya instituti<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    katta ilmiy xodimi, tarix fanlari bo\u02bbyicha falsafa (PhD) doktori<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    \u00a0<\/div>\n
    ZAFAR RAXMONOV,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi FA Milliy arxeologiya markazi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    katta ilmiy xodimi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    amol al-Qarshiyning \u201cMulxakat as-Surax\u201d asarida Markaziy Osiyoning VIII-XIII asrlar tarixiga oid ko\u02bbplab qiziqarli voqealari qatorida Qutayba ibn Muslim to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida ham ma\u02bclumotlar qoldirilgan. Unda yozilishicha,\u00a0Ganam Abu Xafs Qutayba ibn Muslim ibn Amr al-Baxili\u00a0(660-715 yillar yashagan) taniqli arab lashkarboshisi, O\u02bbrta Osiyoda islom dinining tarqalishida faol qatnashgan tarixiy shaxs bo\u02bblgan [1]. Bunga qo\u02bbshimcha tarzda boshqa bir manbada Qutayba …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23126,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nQUTAYBA IBN MUSLIM MAQBARASI HAQIDA YANGI MA\u02bcLUMOTLAR (qadimshunoslar mulohazalari) - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u049a\u0423\u0422\u0410\u0419\u0411\u0410 \u0418\u0411\u041d \u041c\u0423\u0421\u041b\u0418\u041c \u041c\u0410\u049a\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0410\u0421\u0418 \u04b2\u0410\u049a\u0418\u0414\u0410 \u042f\u041d\u0413\u0418 \u041c\u0410\u042a\u041b\u0423\u041c\u041e\u0422\u041b\u0410\u0420 (\u049b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0448\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0440 \u043c\u0443\u043b\u043e\u04b3\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0438)\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=23128&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"QUTAYBA IBN MUSLIM MAQBARASI HAQIDA YANGI MA\u02bcLUMOTLAR (qadimshunoslar mulohazalari) - 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