{"id":23030,"date":"2022-07-18T08:54:43","date_gmt":"2022-07-18T03:54:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=23030"},"modified":"2022-07-18T08:54:43","modified_gmt":"2022-07-18T03:54:43","slug":"arxiv-haqiqatlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=23030&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"ARXIV HAQIQATLARI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bugungi kunda Vatanimizning turli davrlardagi ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy va siyosiy hayotini birlamchi manbalar asosida izchil va haqqoniy o\u02bbrganish, chinakam tarixni ochib beruvchi manbalarga tayangan holda yoritish va zarur xulosalar chiqarishga e\u02bctibor kuchaydi. Shu bois, yurtimizning turli davrlardagi hayotini o\u02bbrganishda arxivlarda saqlanayotgan jamg\u02bbarma hujjatlarning o\u02bbrni beqiyosdir. O\u02bbtmishda sodir bo\u02bblgan ijtimoiy, siyosiy jarayonlarni, sodir bo\u02bblgan voqea-hodisalarni arxiv materiallari asosida o\u02bbrganish o\u02bbsha davr hayotining haqiqiy mazmun-mohiyatini ochib berishda asosiy o\u02bbrin tutadi. Bu murakkab va ayni paytda, o\u02bbta muhim vazifani amalga oshirish uchun davlatimizning arxivlarida saqlanayotgan hujjatlarga obyektiv yondashish, ularni haqqoniy tahlil qilish muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Arxivlarda saqlanayotgan hujjatlar tarixiy taraqqiyot jarayonida jamiyat a\u02bczolari to\u02bbplagan boy intellektual merosni jamlagan bo\u02bblib, o\u02bbtmishni kelajak avlod bilan bog\u02bblab turuvchi qimmatli manbadir. Har qanday davlatning ijtimoiy, siyosiy, iqtisodiy va madaniy tarixini va bugungi kunini arxivsiz tasavvur qilish qiyin. Jamiyat va shaxsning tarixni bilishga qiziqishi ortib borayotgan bugungi kunda, zamonaviy hayotni arxivlashtirish zarurati kechayotgan hozirgi zamonda arxiv manbashunosligiga e\u02bctibor oldingi o\u02bbringa chiqqanini ta\u02bckidlash zarur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ayniqsa, 2019 yil 20 sentyabrda O\u02bbzbekiston Prezidentining \u201cO\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasida arxivlar ishi va ish yuritishni takomillashtirish chora-tadbirlari to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida\u201dgi PF-5834-son Farmoni [1] va \u201cO\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi \u201cO\u02bbzarxiv\u201d agentligi faoliyatini takomillashtirish to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida\u201dgi PQ-4463-son Qarori [2]ning qabul qilinishi bu sohada chuqur islohotlarni boshlab berdi. Bu hujjatlarda ilmiy-tadqiqot, arxiv va ilmiy markazlarda ilmiy ishlar olib borish, darslik va o\u02bbquv qo\u02bbllanmalarni tayyorlashda birlamchi manba sifatida arxiv materiallaridan keng foydalanish, ularni ilmiy muomalaga kiritish vazifasi qo\u02bbyildi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Darhaqiqat, O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi Markaziy Davlat Arxivi ko\u02bbplab noyob hujjatlar jamlangani bilan bugungi kunda dunyo arxivlari orasida ajralib turadi. Bu arxivda saqlanayotgan hujjatlarning aksariyati sovet mustamlakachiligi davrining ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy hayoti, qishloq xo\u02bbjaligi va madaniy-ma\u02bcrifiy sohalarni qamrab olgan. Arxiv fondida saqlanayotgan sovetlar hukmronligi davriga oid hujjatlarda sobiq \u201cMarkaz\u201dning ittifoqdosh respublikalarga yuborgan ko\u02bbrsatmalarida berilgan topshiriqlar va ularning so\u02bbzsiz bajarilishi kerakligi to\u02bbg\u02bbrisidagi ma\u02bclumotlarni uchratish mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jumladan, O\u02bbzRMDAning 90-fond [3] hujjatida O\u02bbzbekiston SSRda 1920-1930 yillarda paxtachilikni rivojlantirish, paxta yakkahokimligini kuchaytirish va sobiq SSSRning paxta mustaqilligini ta\u02bcminlash uchun chigit ekiladigan maydonlarini kengaytirish va suv inshootlarini takomillashtirish, qishloq xo\u02bbjaligida texnikadan unumli foydalanish va mutaxassis kadrlar hamda fan-texnika yutuqlarini paxtachilikka joriy qilish borasida O\u02bbzbekiston xalqiga maxsus topshiriqlar berilgan hujjatlar saqlanadi. Bu hujjatlarda 1925 yil 4 iyulda O\u02bbzbekiston KP MK qoshida yer-suv islohotini o\u02bbtkazish markaziy komissiyasi barpo etilgani, bunday komissiyalar viloyatlar va tumanlarda ham tashkil etilib ularning tarkibiga yana 1200 nafar mahalliy qishloq xo\u02bbjaligiga aloqasi bo\u02bblmagan aholi ham a\u02bczo bo\u02bblgani to\u02bbg\u02bbrisidagi ro\u02bbyxat keltirilgan. 1925-1930 yillarda bu komissiyaga paxtachilik sohasi bo\u02bbyicha rejalar va ko\u02bbrsatmalar berilgan. Ko\u02bbrsatmada berilgan topshiriqlarni so\u02bbzsiz bajarish kerakligi alohida ta\u02bckidlangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yana bir muhim hujjatda, [4] O\u02bbzbekiston KP II syezdining sinfiy-mafkuraviy ko\u02bbrsatmalarini amalga oshirish uchun 1925 yil 2 dekabrda O\u02bbzbekiston SSR MIKning favqulodda sessiyasida ikkita \u201cYer va suvni milliylashtirish to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida\u201d va \u201cEp-suv islohoti to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida\u201dgi dekretlar qabul qilingani ko\u02bbrsatilgan. Bu hujjatga muvofiq, O\u02bbzbekiston hududidagi barcha yer, o\u02bbrmon, suv va yer osti boyliklari, kimning ixtiyorida bo\u02bblishidan qat\u02bciy nazar davlat mulki etib, belgilab qo\u02bbyilgani va uning qonuniylashtirilganiga urg\u02bbu berilgan. Bu qarorda O\u02bbzbekistonda qishloq xo\u02bbjaligini rivojlantirish, paxta maydonlarini kengaytirish ko\u02bbzda tutilgan bo\u02bblsa-da, lekin mahalliy aholining o\u02bbziga tegishli mol-mulklar, yerlar, daraxtlar va boshqa boyliklar davlat ixtiyoriga tortib olinganini ko\u02bbrishimiz mumkin. Bu qarorda mahalliy aholining xohish-istagi, orzu umidlari va imkoniyatlari hisobga olinmagan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yana bir hujjatda O\u02bbzRMDAning 314-fond\u00a0 [3] hujjatida KPSS MK va SSSR Ministrlar Sovetining 1946 yil 2 fevralda qabul qilgan \u201cO\u02bbzbekiston SSRda paxtachilikni rivojlantirish chora-tadbirlari to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida\u201dgi maxsus qarori va O\u02bbzbekistonda paxta yetishtirishni 4-besh yillikda 2,5 baravar ko\u02bbpaytirish vazifasi belgilab qo\u02bbyilgan. Shu bilan birga bu hujjatda sovetlarning ma\u02bcmuriy buyruqbozlikka asoslangan boshqaruv tizimi davrida barcha mustamlakalardagi singari O\u02bbzbekistonda ham jamiyatning ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy rivojlanishi uchun sinovdan o\u02bbtgan maqbul obyektiv qonuniyatlar e\u02bctiborga olinmasdan, ishlab chiqarishning ekstensiv usulidan keng foydalanilgani haqida ko\u02bbplab ma\u02bclumotlar mavjud.<\/span><\/p>\n

O\u02bbzRMDAning 837-fond [4] hujjatida O\u02bbzbekistonda qishloq xo\u02bbjaligi kadrlarining tanqisligi masalasiga barham berish maqsadida 1966 yil 22 yanvarda hukumat tomonidan \u201c1966 yilda qishloq xo\u02bbjaligi xodimlarini tayyorlash va malakasini oshirish to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida\u201d maxsus qaror qabul qilingani ko\u02bbrsatilgan. Unda quyi bo\u02bbg\u02bbin uchun zarur bo\u02bblgan ommaviy kasb mutaxassislarini tez va sifatli tayyorlashga e\u02bctibor qaratilishi ko\u02bbrsatib o\u02bbtilgan. Hujjatda bu qaror bo\u02bbyicha 1966 yilda Mirzacho\u02bbl hududi uchun 2135ta ommaviy kasb mutaxassislarini tayyorlash belgilangani va shu asosda faqat sovxozlar uchun 1000ta mexanizator, paxta terish uchun 800 nafar mexanik-haydovchi, 100 nafar kombaynchi va boshqa mutaxassislar tayyorlangani qayd etilgan. Bundan ko\u02bbrish mumkinki, faqat qishloq xo\u02bbjaligi uchun tor doiradagi mutaxassis kadrlar tayyorlashga harakatning kuchaytirilganiga guvoh bo\u02bblishimiz mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

O\u02bbzbekistonning kolxoz va sovxozlarida mutaxassis-kadrlar bilan ta\u02bcminlash masalasiga doir materiallar tahlili shuni ko\u02bbrsatadiki, ilgari murakkab texnika vositalari bilan tanish bo\u02bblmagan, undan foydalanishni yaxshi bilmagan kishilardan malakali mutaxassislar tayyorlash, belgilangan vazifalarni talab darajasida bajarish uchun ma\u02bclum vaqt kerak bo\u02bblgan. Biroq paxta yetishtirishni ko\u02bbpaytirish uchun yangi yerlarni o\u02bbzlashtirilishiga qarab, muntazam suratda to\u02bbldirib borilayotgan mashina-traktor parklaridagi texnika vositalaridan yetarli darajada foydalanmaslik davlatga katta zarar keltirar edi. Shu bilan birga texnika vositalarining bekor turib qolishiga kadrlar yetishmasligidan tashqari, ularning maxsus tayyorgarlikdan o\u02bbtmagan, malakasiz va tajribasiz kishilar qo\u02bbliga topshirilishi ham sabab bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sog\u02bbliqni-saqlashga doir O\u02bbz MDAning 837-fond [5]idagi hujjatda 1969 yilda O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi sog\u02bbliqni saqlash vazirligi tomonidan yangi tashkil etilgan sovxozlarga jo\u02bbnatilgan 70 nafar xodimdan 30 nafari oliy ma\u02bclumotli, qolganining esa 6 nafari feldsher, 4 nafari akusher, 3 nafari laborant, 30 nafari hamshira bo\u02bblgani ko\u02bbrsatilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Albatta, bu hol meditsina xodimlariga bo\u02bblgan talab va ehtiyojni qondirish uchun yetarli emas edi. Buning ustiga cho\u02bbl sharoitiga ko\u02bbnika olmagan yosh mutaxassislardan ko\u02bbpining o\u02bbz yurtiga qaytib ketishi kadrlar muammosining bartaraf etilishiga imkon bermagan. Cho\u02bbl sharoitiga ko\u02bbnika olmasdan ishdan bo\u02bbshab ketayotgan\u00a0 xodimlarning ortib borayotgani davlat, partiya tashkilotlari va kasaba uyushmalari oldida turgan dolzarb masalaga aylangan. Shu sababli, hukumat kadrlarning muqim qolishini ta\u02bcminlash maqsadida turli chora-tadbirlarni amalga oshirgan. Meditsina sohasida kadrlarning qo\u02bbnimsizligiga sabab ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy jihatdan sharoitning og\u02bbirligi va uning tashkil etilishi jarayonidan qoniqmasligi bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aholini uy-joy bilan ta\u02bcminlanishi xususida yana bir hujjat, O\u02bbzR MDAning 1619-fond [6]. Bu hujjatda hisobotlarga ko\u02bbra yangi tashkil etilgan sovxozlarda 1946-1947 yillarda uy-joy qurish rejasi atigi 38% bajarilgani qayd etilgan. O\u02bbzbekistonning sovxozlarida va yangi tashkil etilayotgan xo\u02bbjaliklarida uy-joy ta\u02bcminotini yaxshilash bo\u02bbyicha bir qator ishlar amalga oshirilishiga qaramasdan, bu masaladagi qiyinchiliklar bartaraf etilmagan. Davlatdan biror narsa talab qilib olishga o\u02bbrganmagan mahalliy aholi imkoniyatiga qarab, o\u02bbzi uchun turar joy qurib olishga majbur bo\u02bblgan. Shuning uchun ham sovxoz ishchilarining asosiy qismi ta\u02bcmirtalab bo\u02bblib qolgan eski, tor va pastqam uylarda tig\u02bbiz va nochor ahvolda uzoq yillar yashashga majbur bo\u02bblgan. 1947 yilga kelib sovxozlarning ishchilari uy-joy maydoni bilan bor-yo\u02bbg\u02bbi 43 % ta\u02bcminlangan edi. Aholi yillar davomida bu muammolarni o\u02bbz kuchi bilan bartaraf etishga majbur bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aslini olganda, arxiv hujjatlarida davrning jonli nafasi ufurib turadi. Bu esa Vatanimizning tarixini o\u02bbrganishda va zarur xulosalar chiqarishda birlamchi manba bo\u02bblib xizmat qiladi. O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi Markaziy Davlat arxivida saqlanayotgan qimmatli va noyob hujjatlarni o\u02bbrganish va ilmiy muomalaga kiritish, O\u02bbzbekiston tarixini haqqoniy va xolis yoritishga asos bo\u02bbladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR:<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
1.O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining \u201cO\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasida arxivlar ishi va ish yuritishni takomillashtirish chora-tadbirlari to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida\u201d 2019 yil 20 sentyabrdagi PF-5834-son Farmoni \u201cXalq so\u02bbzi\u201d, 2019 yil 21 sentyabr.<\/span><\/div>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining \u201cO\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi \u201cO\u02bbzarxiv\u201d agentligi faoliyatini takomillashtirish to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida\u201dgi PQ-4463-son qarori. \u201cXalq so\u02bbzi\u201d. 2019 yil 21 sentyabr.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    O\u02bbzRMDA 90-fond, 155-ro\u02bbyxat, 38-ish, 3-varaq; 32- ish, 173-varaq.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    O\u02bbzR MDA, 837-fond, 41-ro\u02bbyxat, 360-ish, 243-varaq.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    O\u02bbz MDA, 837-fond, 41-ro\u02bbyxat, 2144-ish, 163-varaq.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  5. \n
    6. O\u02bbzR MDA, 1619-fond, 1-ro\u02bbyxat, 366- ish, 22-varaq.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    Husan XUSHVAQTOV,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    Toshkent davlat agrar universiteti<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    \u201cGumanitar fanlar\u201d kafedrasi dotsenti, PhD<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Bugungi kunda Vatanimizning turli davrlardagi ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy va siyosiy hayotini birlamchi manbalar asosida izchil va haqqoniy o\u02bbrganish, chinakam tarixni ochib beruvchi manbalarga tayangan holda yoritish va zarur xulosalar chiqarishga e\u02bctibor kuchaydi. Shu bois, yurtimizning turli davrlardagi hayotini o\u02bbrganishda arxivlarda saqlanayotgan jamg\u02bbarma hujjatlarning o\u02bbrni beqiyosdir. O\u02bbtmishda sodir bo\u02bblgan ijtimoiy, siyosiy jarayonlarni, sodir bo\u02bblgan voqea-hodisalarni arxiv materiallari asosida …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23028,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nARXIV HAQIQATLARI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"ARXIV HAQIQATLARI\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=23030&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ARXIV HAQIQATLARI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"ARXIV HAQIQATLARI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=23030&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bukharicenter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-07-18T03:54:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/arxiv.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"440\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=23030&lang=oz\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=23030&lang=oz\",\"name\":\"ARXIV HAQIQATLARI - 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