{"id":22132,"date":"2022-05-27T08:58:22","date_gmt":"2022-05-27T03:58:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=22132"},"modified":"2022-05-26T13:58:37","modified_gmt":"2022-05-26T08:58:37","slug":"muhammad-yuniniyning-sahihul-buxoriy-asariga-yozilgan-yuniniy-nusxasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=22132&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"MUHAMMAD YUNINIYNING \u201cSAHIHUL BUXORIY\u201d ASARIGA YOZILGAN \u201cYUNINIY\u201d NUSXASI"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d asarining eng ko\u02bbp tarqalgan va dunyo bo\u02bbyicha muhaddislar, shorihlar va olimlar tayanch manba sifatida foydalangani bu \u201cYuniniy\u201d nusxasidir. Sakkizinchi hijriy asrdan keyin yetishib chiqqan barcha muhaddislar undan asos va asl manba sifatida foydalangan. \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201dning mashhur shorihlari Ibn Hajar Asqaloniy, Badriddin Ayniy, Qistaloniy va boshqalar ta\u02bclif etgan mashhur sharhlarda ham asosiy manba \u201cYuniniy\u201d nusxasi bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uning sohibi Sharofiddin Abu Hasan Ali ibn Muhammmad Yuniniy 621\/1224 yili Ba\u02bclabakka (Damashq) viloyatining Yuniniy qishlog\u02bbida muhaddislar oilasida tug\u02bbilgan. O\u02bbz davrining eng buyuk muhaddislaridan bo\u02bblib, uning otasi Taqiyuddin Yuniniy ham muhaddis, hofiz, zohid sifatida tanilgan [2:657]. Taqiyiddin Yuniniy haqida Imom Zahabiy bunday deydi: \u201cU hofiz, imom bo\u02bblib, fiqh va hadis ilmi bilan shug\u02bbullangan. Uningdek zohid, komil va taqvoli insonni hali zamona ko\u02bbrmagan. U shariat va tariqatni o\u02bbzida jamlagan, chiroyli xulq sohibi bo\u02bblgan\u201d [4:225]. Uning to\u02bbrt farzandi bo\u02bblib, barchasi hadis, fiqh, tarix va mantiq ilmlarida o\u02bbz davrining buyuk olimlari bo\u02bblgani manbalarda keltirilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhammmad Yuniniy to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida \u201cTazkiratul huffoz\u201d kitobida bunday ma\u02bclumotlar keltiriladi: \u201cMuhammad Yuniniy 621\/1224 yil rajab oyining 11 kunida tug\u02bbilgan. U o\u02bbz davrining muhaddislari Zubaydiy, Munziriy, Rashid Attor, Ibn Abdussalom va boshqalardan ilm o\u02bbrgangan. Shuningdek, rivoyat va diroyat ilmini mukammal bilgan\u201d [4:482].<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhammmad Yuniniy juda yoshligidan ilm o\u02bbrganishni boshlab, o\u02bbz oilasi va diyoridagi mashhur ulamolardan saboq olgan. Uzoq yillar Damashqdagi Dor hadisiz zohiriya madrasasida \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d va boshqa hadis kitoblaridan dars o\u02bbtgan. Mashhur muarrix va muhaddis \u201cTa\u02bcrixul islom\u201d va \u201cTa\u02bcrixud Damashq\u201d asarlari muallifi Shamsiddin Zahabiy ham Muhammmad Yuniniyning shogirdi bo\u02bblgan. U: \u201cSharofiddin Yuniniy imom, taqvodor, ma\u02bcrifatli, hofiz, muhaddis va ulamolarning shayxi bo\u02bblgan. \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201dni oldingi nusxalari bilan solishtirib, asarning mukammal qo\u02bblyozma nusxasini yozib chiqqan buyuk muhaddisdir\u201d, deydi [2:660].<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhammmad Yuniniy \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201dning ko\u02bbplab nusxalarini tadqiq, tahrir qilgandan keyin ularning bir-biridan ba\u02bczi jihatlari bilan farq qilishini ko\u02bbradi va asarni asl manbada qanday bo\u02bblgani e\u02bctiboridan solishtirib, \u201cYuniniy\u201d nusxasini yozishga kirishadi. Bu ishda Damashq va Misr muhaddislaridan tarkib topgan yetmishdan ziyod ulamo ishtirok etadi. Asarni Muhammmad Yuniniyning shogirdi, nahv ilmi olimi Ibn Molik arab tili qoidasi bo\u02bbyicha tahrir qiladi. \u201cYuniniy\u201d nusxasi 666\/1268 yilda Ibn Molik va boshqa muhaddislar ittifoqi bilan tayyorlanadi va bu ishga Muhammmad Yuniniyning o\u02bbzi bosh bo\u02bbladi [1:8]. Manbalarda Yuniniy tahrir va tadqiq bilan mashg\u02bbul bo\u02bblib, \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d asarini bir yilda o\u02bbn bir marta tahrirdan o\u02bbtkazgani aytiladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhaddis Yuniniy \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d asarining o\u02bbziga sanadi bilan yetib kelgan qo\u02bbyidagi besh nusxasini asos qilib oladi:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Abu Abdulloh Husay ibn Abu Bakr Zubaydiy rivoyati bilan kelgan Abu Vaqtning Dovudiydan, u Saraxsiydan, u Firabriydan qilgan rivoyati asosidagi qo\u02bblyozma nusxasi;<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Abu Hasan Ali ibn Shujo\u02bc ibn Salimning (661\/1263) uch ustozi Abu Qosim Buvsiriy (598\/1202), Abu Abdulloh ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad Hanbaliy (601\/1199) va Abu Abdurahmon ibn Abdulloh A\u02bctiq ibn Boqo (608\/1207)ning Karima binti Marvaziyadan rivoyati, u Kushmihoniydan, u Firabriydan qilgan rivoyat nusxasi;<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Muhaddisning otasi Abu Abdulloh Muhammad Yuniniy Abu Tohir Barakot ibn Ibrohim Xashuiy, u Asiliydan, u Abu Zayd Marvaziy va Abu Muhammad Jirjoniydan, u ikkisi Firabriydan qilgan rivoyati nusxasi;<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. ustozi Makkiy ibn E\u02bclon (680\/1281) va Abu Barakot Hasan ibn Muhammadning Shomning buyuk muarrixi Ibn Asokirdan qilgan rivoyatining nusxasi;<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Abu Ja\u02bcfar Hamadoniyning Hofiz Abu Tohirning ijozasi asosida rivoyat qilgan imom Qoziy Iyozning Abu A\u02bclo Sadafiydan va uning Abu Valid Sulaymon ibn Xalaf Bojiyning Abu Zarr Hiraviydan rivoyati asosidagi nusxa. Bu nusxani Abu Zarr Firabriyning uch shogirdi Mustamliy, Kushmihoniy va Saraxsiy rivoyati asosida tahrir qilgan [3:6\/491].<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Muhammmad Yuniniy nusxani tayyorlashida, o\u02bbzi ta\u02bckidlaganidek, hadis ilmi tarixidagi buyuk to\u02bbrt muhaddis hofiz Abu Muhammad Abdulloh ibn Ibrohim Usiliy, Hofiz Abu Zarr Abd ibn Ahmad Haraviy, Abu Qosim Ali ibn Hasan ibn Asokir Damashqiy va Hofiz Abu Vaqt Abdulavvalning ittifoqi asosida rivoyat qilingan eng ishonchli nusxalardan foydalangan [8:4\/180].<\/span><\/p>\n

    Muhammad Yuniniy o\u02bbz nusxasida hadis turuqi, ya\u02bcni hadislarni olish yo\u02bbli faqat Imom Firabriyning rivoyati asosida bo\u02bblganini ta\u02bckidlaydi [2:678]. Shuningdek, \u201cYuniniy\u201d nusxasini tayyorlashda Abu Zarr Hiraviyning rivoyati muhim ahamiyat kasb etganini ko\u02bbrish mumkin. Muhammad Yuniniy aytadi: \u201cAbu Zarr Hiraviyning \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d nusxasi eng sahih va hujjat bo\u02bblgan nusxadir\u201d. Muhaddis Ibrohim ibn Muhammad ibn Azhar Surayfiniy (641\/1244) bunday ta\u02bcriflaydi: \u201cAbu Zarrning \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d bo\u02bbyicha rivoyati mazkur asarning sahihligi va ishonchliligi uchun murojaat qilinadigan eng ishonchli nusxadir\u201d [2:680].<\/span><\/p>\n

    Muhammad Yuniniy nusxasi muhaddisdan keyingi davr uchun hadis ilmini o\u02bbrganish, \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201dning matni va sharhini tayyorlashda barcha muhaddislar foydalangan asosiy manba hisoblanadi. Muhammad Yuniniy uni tayyorlashda Abu Zarr Haraviydan kelgan rivoyatga asoslanadi. Abu Zarrga bu sanad Karima binti Ahmaddan yetib kelgan bo\u02bblib, u Kushmihoniydan rivoyat qilgan. Hamaviydan kelgan sanad ham Kushmihoniy, Mustamliy, Abu Zayd Marvaziy va Jurjoniy rivoyati asosida Muhammad Yuniniyga yetib kelgan [1:14]. Shuningdek, Muhammad Yuniniy damashqlik muhaddis hofiz Abdulg\u02bbani Maqdisiy (600\/1203) nusxasidan keng foydalangan. Bu nusxa unga yetib kelgan sanadlar orasida eng ishonchlisi sifatida e\u02bctirof etiladi [4:4\/176]. Muhammad Yuniniy Maqdisiy nusxasidan foydalangani haqida: \u201cMening Muhammad ibn Yahyo Zubaydiydan Abdulg\u02bbani Maqdisiyning \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d asari nusxasini ilk eshitishim, mavlom, otam Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Abdulloh Yuniniy vositasi bilan 630\/1233 yilda Damashqda bo\u02bblgan\u201d deb ta\u02bckidlaydi [4:4\/177]. Muhammad Yuniniy keyinchalik 666\/1268 yilda o\u02bbz uslubida maqdisiy nusxasiga asoslanib \u201cYuniniy\u201d nusxasini yaratadi [4:4\/1760].<\/span><\/p>\n

    Shamsiddin Abu Abdulloh Muhammad ibn Yusuf Kirmoniy (787\/1385), o\u02bbzining \u201cKavokib durar\u201d nomli sharhida, Sirojiddin Abu Hafs ibn Mulaqqin (804\/1402)ning \u201cTavzih li sharhi jomiy Sahih\u201d asarida, Hofiz ibn Hajar Asqaloniy (851\/1447)ning \u201cFathul Boriy fi sharhi Sahihi Buxoriy\u201d asarida, Badriddin Abu Muhammad Ayniy (855\/1451)ning \u201cUmdatul Qoriy\u201d nomli sharhida, Shahobiddin Abu Abbos Qastaloniy (923\/1517)ning \u201cIrshodu Soriy\u201d nomli sharhida \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201dning \u201cYuniniy\u201d nusxasi asosiy va asl manba bo\u02bblib xizmat qilgan [2:830].<\/span><\/p>\n

    Bu kitoblar shu mavzuda tasnif etilgan sharhlarning eng saralari hisoblanadi. Mualliflar keltirgan rivoyatlarda Imom Buxoriydan o\u02bbzlarigacha bo\u02bblgan hadislarning sanad silsilasi va hadis turuqining bir xilligini ko\u02bbrish mumkin. \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d asarining barcha nusxalari roviylari silsilasining birinchi sanadi Imom Firabriyning rivoyatidan olingan. Muhaddislarning \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d asarini rivoyat qilishida mushtaraklik ba\u02bczida alohida turuq, roviylar qaysidir sanadda o\u02bbzgargani qayd etilgan bo\u02bblsa, barcha roviylardan kelgan sanadlar \u201cYuniniy\u201d nusxasida yana birlashganini ko\u02bbramiz. Bunga sabab Shahobiddin Muhammad Yuniniy \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201dning \u201cYuniniy\u201d nusxasi Imom Buxoriydan keyin 500-600 yil o\u02bbtib roviylar o\u02bbzgarib, kotib, xattotlar yo\u02bbl qo\u02bbygan ba\u02bczi nuqsonlar sababli o\u02bbzgarib ketishining oldini olish maqsadida ularni isloh qilib, bu noyob nusxani yaratishni maqsad qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u201cFathul Boriy fi sharhi Sahihi Buxoriy\u201d muallifi Ibn Hajar Asqaloniy: \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201dga nisbatan imomlar tomonidan bildirilgan fikr va tanqidlarning barchasini o\u02bbrganim chiqdim. Asarni tahrir, tahqiq qilib, qism va fasllarga ajratdim. Bu shunday nodir asarki, unda bironta shubhali hadis yo\u02bbq\u201d, deb asarning mutlaq sahih ekanini aytib, unga shubha va tanqid bilan qarovchilarning asossiz fikrlariga kuchli raddiya bergan [7:815].<\/span><\/p>\n

    Muhammad Yuniniy \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d nusxasini tayyorlashda asosan quyidagi jihatlarga e\u02bctibor qaratgan:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u2013 \u201cYuniniy\u201dnusxasini tayyorlab, o\u02bbz davrining ulamolari Ibn Molik, Iroqiy, Basriy, Al-Qaliy kabi muhaddislar nazaridan o\u02bbtkazib olgan;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u2013 o\u02bbziga ishonchli sanad bilan yetib kelgan \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d nusxalarini jamlab, ularni chuqur tahrir va tahqiq qilgan. Bular Abu Zarr, Abu Vaqt, Ibn Asokir, Asiliy, Abdug\u02bbani Maqdisiyning nusxalaridir;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u2013 Muhammad Yuniniy mavjud nusxalarning har birini o\u02bbrganib, Abu Zarr, Maqdisiy, Usuliy, Kumushhoniy, Hamaviy va Mustamliy rivoyatlarini alohida maxsus ramzlar bilan ajratgan. Shuningdek, arab tili qoidalari, hadislar tarixi, sanadini barcha nusxalar kesimida tahrir qilgan;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u2013 \u201cYuniniy\u201d nusxasi oldin mavjud bo\u02bblgan Abu Zarr va Maqdisiynikidan boshqa narsa emas. Bu oldin mavjud bo\u02bblganning umumlashgan va mukammal nusxasidir;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u2013 Muhammad Yuniniy \u201cYuniniy\u201d nusxasini tayyorlashda o\u02bbzining alohida yangi nusxasini yaratish emas, balki oldingi rivoyatlarni o\u02bbzgartirmasdan ularga ergashishni, harflar, e\u02bcroblar, matnlar, zamirlardagi noaniqliklarni tahrir va tadqiq etishni maqsad qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Muhammad Yuniniy hadis ilmi tarixida Imom Buxoriyning ma\u02bcnaviy merosini keyingi davr uchun yaxlit sahih deb e\u02bctirof etilgan nusxasini yaratdi [5:20\/200].<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201dning \u201cSultoniya\u201d nusxasi tayyorlanishi va nashr etilishida ham asl manba \u201cYuniniy\u201d nusxasi bo\u02bbldi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Sulton Abdulhamid 1311\/1894 yilda asl manba asosida \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201dning yangi nusxasini tayyorlash bo\u02bbyicha Misr ulamolariga buyruq beradi. Shayx Hasan Navaviy bu ishga bosh bo\u02bbladi, muhaddis va lug\u02bbatshunoslardan tarkib topgan o\u02bbn olti kishilik hay\u02bcat tuzadi. \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d asariga yozilgan barcha qo\u02bblyozmalar olinadi va chuqur tahrir va tahlil qilinadi. Aniqlangan kamchiliklar jadval asosida tuzib boriladi, boshqa nusxalar bo\u02bbyicha ham sharhlar, mantiq, balog\u02bbat ilmlariga tayanib, ittifoqan qaror qabul qilinadi. Tahrir jarayonida har bir bahstalab o\u02bbrin bo\u02bbyicha muhim qaror qabul qilish maqsadida dunyo ulamolariga murojaat qilinadi va barcha mazhab imomlaridan maslahat olinadi. Har bir hadisning matni, roviysi, sanadining sahihligi va arab tili qoidalariga mutanosibligi sinchiklab tekshiriladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u201cSultoniya\u201d nusxasi musahhihi shayx Hasan Navaviy: \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201dning sahihligi uning lug\u02bbat va sanadining to\u02bbg\u02bbriligida \u201cYuniniy\u201d nusxasiga tayandik. Boshqa nusxalardan deyarli foydalanmadik\u201d, deydi [2:806]. Shuningdek, \u201cSultoniya\u201d nusxasini tayyorlashda Asqaloniy, Qistaloniy, Kirmoniyning mashhur sharhlaridan foydalanilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Sulton Abdulhamidning topshirig\u02bbi bilan boshlangan bu ish xayrli yakun topdi. \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201dning \u201cSultoniya\u201d nusxasi 1313\/1896 hijriy yilda Misrning \u201cMatbaa kubrol amiriya\u201d nashriyotida nashr etildi va keyinchalik bu nusxa islom olamida mashhur bo\u02bblib, 1314\/1897, 1315\/1898 va 1325\/1907 yillarda qayta nashr etildi [2:814].<\/span><\/p>\n

    Islom tarixida hadis ilmining tadrijiy rivojlanib borishi va hadis asarlarining nodir manba sifatida asrlar osha bizgacha yetib kelishida muhaddis, kotib, roviy va ba\u02bczi sultonlarning xizmati katta bo\u02bblgan. Ayniqsa, bu ilmning rivojlanishi, uning taraqqiyotini movarounnahrlik muhaddis va roviylarning ma\u02bcnaviy merosisiz tasavvur qilib bo\u02bblmaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Buyuk muhaddis Imom Buxoriyning \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d asari mag\u02bbrib va mashriqqa tarqalishi, albatta, buxorolik Imom Firabriy va nasaflik Ibrohim ibn Ma\u02bcqal Nasafiy rivoyat qilgan sanad asosida bo\u02bblgan. Afrikaga esa Karima binti Ahmad Marvaziyaning rivoyati asosida kirib borgan. Bularni mavjud barcha tarixiy manbalar tasdiqlaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR:<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n
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      Ahmad Muhammad Shokir. \u2013Misr.: Olamul kutub, 2015.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
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      Juma Fathiy Abdulhalim. Rivoyat jomi\u02bc sahih va nusxa, dirosat, nazariya, tatbiqiya. \u2013Qatar.: Dorul falloh. 2013.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
    3. \n
      Zahabiy. Siyaru a\u02bclamin nubalo. \u2013Bayrut: Dor muassasatir risola, 1992.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
    4. \n
      Zahabiy. Tazkirat al-xuffoz. \u2013Bayrut: Dorul kutubil ilmiyya, 1954.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
    5. \n
      Zahabiy. Tarix al-islom. \u2013Bayrut: Dorul kitabil arabiy, 1990.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
    6. \n
      Ibn Abdushshakur Zarqiy. Dirosa li ajuba ibn Hajar ala intiqod Doraqutniy ala Buxoriy. \u2013Malayziya: Akademii dirosatil islam. 2020.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
    7. \n
      Ibn Hajar Asqaloniy. Hadyi Sariy muqaddima Fathi Boriy. \u2013Riyoz, 2011.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
    8. \n
      Ibn Hajar Asqaloniy. Fathul Boriy fi sharhi Sahihi Buxoriy. \u2013Qohira: Maktabatul mansura, 2011.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      Shukrullo UMAROV,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
      Imom Termiziy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi direktori,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
      tarix fanlari bo\u02bbyicha falsafa doktori<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d asarining eng ko\u02bbp tarqalgan va dunyo bo\u02bbyicha muhaddislar, shorihlar va olimlar tayanch manba sifatida foydalangani bu \u201cYuniniy\u201d nusxasidir. Sakkizinchi hijriy asrdan keyin yetishib chiqqan barcha muhaddislar undan asos va asl manba sifatida foydalangan. \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201dning mashhur shorihlari Ibn Hajar Asqaloniy, Badriddin Ayniy, Qistaloniy va boshqalar ta\u02bclif etgan mashhur sharhlarda ham asosiy manba \u201cYuniniy\u201d …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22130,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[650],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nMUHAMMAD YUNINIYNING \u201cSAHIHUL BUXORIY\u201d ASARIGA YOZILGAN \u201cYUNINIY\u201d NUSXASI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041c\u0423\u04b2\u0410\u041c\u041c\u0410\u0414 \u042e\u041d\u0418\u041d\u0418\u0419\u041d\u0418\u041d\u0413 \u201c\u0421\u0410\u04b2\u0418\u04b2\u0423\u041b \u0411\u0423\u0425\u041e\u0420\u0418\u0419\u201d \u0410\u0421\u0410\u0420\u0418\u0413\u0410 \u0401\u0417\u0418\u041b\u0413\u0410\u041d \u201c\u042e\u041d\u0418\u041d\u0418\u0419\u201d \u041d\u0423\u0421\u0425\u0410\u0421\u0418\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=22132&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MUHAMMAD YUNINIYNING \u201cSAHIHUL BUXORIY\u201d ASARIGA YOZILGAN \u201cYUNINIY\u201d NUSXASI - 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