{"id":22042,"date":"2022-05-23T09:46:01","date_gmt":"2022-05-23T04:46:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=22042"},"modified":"2022-05-23T09:46:01","modified_gmt":"2022-05-23T04:46:01","slug":"alish%d0%b5r-navoiy-hayoti-va-faoliyatiga-oid-qimmatli-tarixiy-manba-falsafiy-tarixiy-tahlil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=22042&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"ALISH\u0415R NAVOIY HAYOTI VA FAOLIYATIGA OID QIMMATLI TARIXIY MANBA (falsafiy-tarixiy tahlil)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hozirgi murakkab va ziddiyatli davrda \u201cmilliy-diniy qadriyatlarimizni asrab-avaylash va rivojlantirish, shu asosda yosh avlodni ezgu umuminsoniy g\u02bboyalar ruhida tarbiyalash, ularda ma\u02bcnaviy va ma\u02bcrifiy qarashlarimizga yot bo\u02bblgan zararli ta\u02bcsirlarga qarshi mafkuraviy immunitetni kuchaytirish\u201d [1] muhim vazifalardan hisoblanadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shu nuqtai nazardan qaraganda, buyuk mutafakkir va shoir Alisher Navoiyning yaxshilik, ezgulik, fidoyilik, bag\u02bbrikenglik, insonparvarlik kabi yuksak ezgu g\u02bboyalarga xizmat qilishga yo\u02bbnaltirilgan hayoti va faoliyatini o\u02bbrganish alohida ahamiyat kasb etadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mutafakkir umuminsoniy qadriyatlarni shunchaki targ\u02bbib etish bilan cheklanib qolmaydi, balki butun hayoti va faoliyati davomida o\u02bbzini ezgulikning chinakam timsoli, bemisl saxovat sohibi va yetuk davlat arbobi sifatida namoyon etadi. Bu to\u02bbg\u02bbrida zamondosh tarixchi G\u02bbiyosiddin Xondamir o\u02bbzining \u201cMakorimul axloq\u201d\u00a0(\u201cOlijanob xulqlar\u201d)<\/em>\u00a0asarida (1501) bayon qiladi [4].<\/span><\/p>\n

Ushbu asar Alisher Navoiyning hayoti va ijodi, buyuk shaxsiyati, go\u02bbzal fazilatlari, asarlari, xalq farovonligi va yurt obodligi yo\u02bblida qilgan amallari haqida eng ishonchli ma\u02bclumotlarga ega bo\u02bblgan [4:80] tarixiy manba sifatida qimmatlidir. Asarda ta\u02bckidlanishicha, Navoiy mashhur olimlar va hurmatga sazovor fozillarning obro\u02bb-e\u02bctiborini oshirish va martabasini yuksaltirishga qo\u02bblidan kelganicha g\u02bbayrat va himmat ko\u02bbrsatgan, talabalarga nafaqalar tayinlagan, ko\u02bbplab madrasa va xonaqohlar qurdirgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hirot shahrining Injil arig\u02bbi bo\u02bbyida qurilgan \u201cIxlosiya\u201d madrasasi, ushbu madrasa qarshisida o\u02bbta chiroyli bir tarzda barpo etilgan xonaqoh, g\u02bbarbiy tomonida qad ko\u02bbtargan tibbiy ilmlardan ta\u02bclim berishga ixtisoslashgan \u201cShifoiya\u201d madrasasi, poytaxtning ichki qismida bunyod etilgan \u201cNizomiya\u201d madrasasi, Marv shahrida bunyod bo\u02bblgan \u201cHusraviya\u201d madrasalari shular jumlasidandir. Bu dargohlarda minglab talabalar tahsil olgan va ular orasidan ko\u02bbplab olimu fozillar yetishib chiqqan [4:81-82]. Mazkur jihat mutafakkirning ilm-ma\u02bcrifat jamiyat taraqqiyotining asosiy tayanchi ekanini yaxshi anglaganidan dalolat beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMahbubul qulub\u201d asarida shoir o\u02bbzining bunyodkorlik ishlari haqida \u201cVa gohi yaxshi ishlar qiluvchilar orasiga o\u02bbzimni urdim va jamoat uchun binolar qurdim, g\u02bbayratim tufayli turli rabotlar va bekatlar barpo bo\u02bbldi va yo\u02bblovchilarga shodlik yetishdi\u201d [2:11], deb muxtasar tarzda keltiradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u02bbiyosiddin Xondamir Alisher Navoiyning bag\u02bbrikenglik, insonparvarlik, xayru saxovatda benazirligini ta\u02bckidlar ekan, mamlakatning turli shahar va qishloqlarida 52 rabot, 25 masjid, 19 hovuz, 16 ko\u02bbprik, 14 xonaqoh, 9 hammom, 4 madrasa, 2 to\u02bbg\u02bbon [4:81-135] va 1 [6:26-32] kutubxona qurilishiga homiy bo\u02bblganini ma\u02bclum qiladi. Navoiy zamondoshlari u qurdirgan xayriya bino, inshootlar soni va tavsifini to\u02bbliq keltirish so\u02bbzning uzayishiga sabab bo\u02bblishini hisobga olib, o\u02bbzlari aniq bilgan inshootlar ro\u02bbyxatini keltirganlar. Masalan, Davlatshoh o\u02bbn ikkita inshoot haqida gapirib o\u02bbtsa, Xondamir yuzdan ziyod bino va inshootni, shu jumladan, hovuz va ko\u02bbpriklarni sanab o\u02bbtadi. Faxriy Hirotiy \u201cAmir Alisher 370 xayriya binosi qurgan\u201d, deb umumiy tarzda hisob qilsa, Som Mirzo bu songa aniqlik kiritib, \u201cuch yuz yetmishtadan to\u02bbqsontasi rabotlardir\u201d, deydi [5:79].<\/span><\/p>\n

Navoiyning tashabbusi bilan \u201cXalosiya\u201d xonaqohida har kuni mingdan ortiq qashshoq va miskin taom bilan siylangan. Bundan tashqari muhtojlarga har yili ikki mingga yaqin po\u02bbstin, chakmon, ko\u02bbylak, ishton, yengil do\u02bbppi va oyoq kiyim ulashilgan [4:121]. Mashhad shahridagi Rizoviya maqbarasi yaqinida qurilgan musofirxonada ham har kuni ko\u02bbplab qashshoq, muhtoj va yetimlarga taom tarqatilgan [4:121-122].<\/span><\/p>\n

Alisher Navoiyning ko\u02bbrsatmasi bilan Hirotdagi Marg\u02bbaniy bog\u02bbi qarshisida jome masjidi barpo etilgan va shaharning jome masjidi qayta qurilgan. Bu ishlarni kuzatish uchun Navoiy deyarli har kuni shu yerga kelgan, aksar hollarda etagini qayirib ishchilar bilan birga mehnat qilgan. Har necha kunda u yerda ishlayotgan me\u02bcmor va ustalardan hunarmandlargacha \u2013 hammasiga qimmatbaho kiyimlar kiygizib, ko\u02bbplab mukofotlar taqdim etish orqali ularning ko\u02bbngillarini shod va dillarini obod qilgan. Natijada uch-to\u02bbrt yil cho\u02bbzilishi mumkin bo\u02bblgan qurilish olti-yetti oyda poyoniga yetkazilgan [4:128-130].<\/span><\/p>\n

Ta\u02bcmirlash ishlari yakunlanishi munosabati bilan \u201cellik bosh qo\u02bby va to\u02bbqqiz bosh ot sarflangan katta ziyofat marosimi o\u02bbtkazilgan. Masjid binosi qurilishida ishlagan ishchilar va ustalarga qimmatbahoni kiyimlar bilan taqdirlash va (ish chog\u02bbida ularga yetkazilgan ayrim zahmatlar uchun)\u00a0<\/em>kechirim so\u02bbrash marosimi o\u02bbtkazilgani\u201d [4:132-134] bugungi kun uchun ham g\u02bboyat ibratli bo\u02bblib, ayni bu jihat Navoiy dahosi ulug\u02bbligining yana bir isbotidir. Hazrat har bir tadbirga kompleks yondashishga, jarayonning kichik detallarini ham inobatga olishga harakat qilgan. Uning fikricha, katta ishlarda kichik element, arzimas tasodif muhim rol o\u02bbynashi mumkin. Bunday yondashuv sinergetik tamoyil \u2013 \u201coddiylik murakkablikning ibtidosi\u201d tamoyiliga mos keladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Navoiy qo\u02bbli ochiqlik borasida ham ko\u02bbpchilikka namuna bo\u02bblgan. Chunonchi, saxovatli shoir son-sanoqsiz bog\u02bblar va ko\u02bbplab makonlarni sayyidlar, olimlar va fozillarga, yeri serhosil bir qancha ekinzorlar va qulay koriz[1]<\/a>larni a\u02bclo hazratlari, shahzodalar hamda podshoh oilasiga mansub ayollar va qizlarga in\u02bcom qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shunday holatlar ham yuz berganki, saroy amaldorlari ayrim zaruriy xarajatlar uchun katta miqdordagi pulni soliq sifatida xalq zimmasiga yuklamoqchi bo\u02bblganda, amir Alisher xalq qiynalib qolmasligi va bu narsa saltanat qasri poydevorining larzaga kelishiga sabab bo\u02bblmasligi uchun o\u02bbsha pulni o\u02bbz yonidan to\u02bblab yuborgan [4:176-177]. Bu uning kelajakda jamiyatda ro\u02bby berishi mumkin bo\u02bblgan fluktuatsiya (bo\u02bbhron) holatlarining oldini olishga intilganidan dalolat beradi. Hazrat Navoiy ijtimoiy taraqqiyot kelajagini oldindan ko\u02bbra bilgan dono siyosiy arbob bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jumladan, hijriy 906 (milodiy 1500)<\/em>\u00a0yil boshlarida sulton Husayn Boyqaro Mozandaron viloyatiga tashrif buyurganida, amir Muboriziddin zarur xarajatlar uchun Hirot shahri va uning atroflaridagi qishloqlar aholisidan yuz ming dinor miqdorida pul undirilsin, degan farmon e\u02bclon qiladi. Bu mablag\u02bbning yarmini amir Hirot atrofidagi qishloqlarda yashagan yer egalari hamda boylardan undiradi, qolganini esa Hirot shahri aholisidan yig\u02bbishga qaror qiladi. Ammo hech bir ishga amir Alisher bilan maslahatlashmasdan kirishilmagani sababli Hazratning noiblaridan biri orqali maslahat so\u02bbrash maqsadida ushbu rejani unga ma\u02bclum qiladi. Navoiy bunga javoban \u201cshu paytda xalqqa o\u02bbrinsiz soliq solinishini podshohlik saltanati uchun munosib ish deb bilmayman\u201d, deya o\u02bbsha ellik ming dinorni o\u02bbz yonidan to\u02bblab yuborib [4:177-178], yuksak saxovat ko\u02bbrsatadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMakorimul axloq\u201d asarida muallif Alisher Navoiyning yuksak himmat va saxovat sohibi bo\u02bblganiga doir ko\u02bbplab misol va hikoyatlar keltiriladi. Bulardan ma\u02bclum bo\u02bbladiki, Navoiy nazdida olam ahlining kamchilik va nuqsonlari bag\u02bbrikenglik va ochiqqo\u02bbllik tufayli odamlar ko\u02bbzidan yashirin bo\u02bblsa, Odam bolalarining yutuq va fazilatlari qizg\u02bbanchiqlik va behimmatlik tufayli ko\u02bbzga nuqsondek bo\u02bblib ko\u02bbrinadi. \u201cSaxovat biror bir maqsad ko\u02bbzlamasdan va evaziga biror narsa so\u02bbramasdan turib \u2013 garchi, ko\u02bbzlanadigan bu maqsad va so\u02bbraladigan bu narsa munosib maqtov va katta savob bo\u02bblsa-da \u2013 biror narsani\u00a0(biror kishiga)<\/em>\u00a0sovg\u02bba qilishdir\u201d [4:168-169], deya ta\u02bckidlanadi:<\/span><\/p>\n

Saxiy kimdir, uldir mukofot olmay,<\/em><\/span><\/div>\n
Har saxovat kelar qo\u02bblidan uning.<\/em><\/span><\/div>\n
Maqtov, savob uchun qilingan ishni<\/em><\/span><\/div>\n
Xayru saxovatmas, oldi-sotdi bil\u00a0<\/em>[4:169].<\/em><\/span><\/div>\n

Navoiyning \u201ccheksiz yaxshiliklari bu olamda shuhrat topish yoki boqiy dunyoda katta savobga erishish uchun qilinmagan. Chunki, bu dunyo va undagi narsalar tabarruk zotning himmat nazarida bir somon xasichalik qimmatga ega bo\u02bblmagan. Cheksiz ochiqqo\u02bblligi va saxiyligiga qaramay, hech qachon hech kimga bir arpa donichalik ham minnat qilmagan\u201d [4:169].<\/span><\/p>\n

Xalq orasida va temuriylar saroyida yuksak hurmat va ishonchga ega bo\u02bblgan Navoiy o\u02bbzining butun kuch-g\u02bbayrati va azmu shijoati, mol-mulkini el farovonligi va yurt obodligi yo\u02bblida sarflab, \u201cHazrat Sultonning yaqin kishisi\u201d, \u201cHaqiqat va din nizomi\u201d, \u201cUlug\u02bb amir\u201d kabi yuksak unvonlarga musharraf bo\u02bblgan [4:54].<\/span><\/p>\n

Hayoti va faoliyati, kuchi va iqtidorini o\u02bbzgalarni to\u02bbg\u02bbri yo\u02bblga boshlashga, muhtojlarga ko\u02bbmaklashishga, adolatli va ma\u02bcrifatli farovon jamiyat qurishga safarbar etgan Alisher Navoiy o\u02bbzining ijodiy va siyosiy faoliyati davomida ko\u02bbplab xayrli ishlarni amalga oshirgan, asarlarida ezgulikni kuylagan va ayni bu jihatlar zamondosh olimlar, shoirlar, tarixchilar tomonidan yuksak ehtirom bilan e\u02bctirof etilgan. Shunday ekan, Navoiyning xayrli ishlarini, pandu-nasihatlarini shunchaki gapirib yurish uchun, eshitish uchun, o\u02bbqib qo\u02bbyish yoki yozib qo\u02bbyish uchungina emas, balki uqish, anglash, his qilish, amal qilish uchun, qisqasi, yashash uchun ulkan vosita ekanini idrok etish va mazmun-mohiyatini yoshlar qalbi va ongiga singdirish vazifasi hamisha dolzarb bo\u02bblib qolaveradi.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Foydalanilgan manba va adabiyotlar:<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
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  1. O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2020 yil 11 avgustdagi \u201cImom Moturidiy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazini tashkil etish chora-tadbirlari to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida\u201d PQ-4802-son qarori \/\/ Elektron resurs\/\/https:\/\/lex.uz\/docs\/4945427 (03.09.2020)<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Navoiy A. Mahbubul qulub. (Qalbga mahbub hikmatlar va hikoyatlar). Hozirgi o\u02bbzbek tiliga tabdil. -Toshkent: Sano-standart. 2018.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Tursunov B. Alisher Navoiyning murakkablikdagi oddiylik tamoyili (\u201cMahbubul qulub\u201d asari misolida) \/\/ Imom Buxoriy saboqlari jurnali, 2020, \u21163.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Xondamir G\u02bb. Makorimul axloq. Toshkent: Akademnashir, 2018.<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Sirojiddinov Sh. Alisher Navoiy: manbalarning qiyosiy-tipologik, tekstologik tahlili. \u2013T.: Akademnashr, 2011.<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. Sharipov A. Amir Temur va temuriylar davrida kutubxonalar faoliyati tarixidan \/\/ Bobur va dunyo, \u2013\u2013 Toshkent, 2020. \u2013 \u21163.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
    [1]<\/a>\u00a0Koriz \u2013 ichimlik suvi olinadigan quduqlar majmuasi. \u2013 B.T.<\/span><\/div>\n
    Baxtiyor TURSUNOV,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    ilmiy xodimi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Hozirgi murakkab va ziddiyatli davrda \u201cmilliy-diniy qadriyatlarimizni asrab-avaylash va rivojlantirish, shu asosda yosh avlodni ezgu umuminsoniy g\u02bboyalar ruhida tarbiyalash, ularda ma\u02bcnaviy va ma\u02bcrifiy qarashlarimizga yot bo\u02bblgan zararli ta\u02bcsirlarga qarshi mafkuraviy immunitetni kuchaytirish\u201d [1] muhim vazifalardan hisoblanadi. Shu nuqtai nazardan qaraganda, buyuk mutafakkir va shoir Alisher Navoiyning yaxshilik, ezgulik, fidoyilik, bag\u02bbrikenglik, insonparvarlik kabi yuksak ezgu g\u02bboyalarga …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22041,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[650],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nALISH\u0415R NAVOIY HAYOTI VA FAOLIYATIGA OID QIMMATLI TARIXIY MANBA (falsafiy-tarixiy tahlil) - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=22042&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ALISH\u0415R NAVOIY HAYOTI VA FAOLIYATIGA OID QIMMATLI TARIXIY MANBA (falsafiy-tarixiy tahlil) - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hozirgi murakkab va ziddiyatli davrda \u201cmilliy-diniy qadriyatlarimizni asrab-avaylash va rivojlantirish, shu asosda yosh avlodni ezgu umuminsoniy g\u02bboyalar ruhida tarbiyalash, ularda ma\u02bcnaviy va ma\u02bcrifiy qarashlarimizga yot bo\u02bblgan zararli ta\u02bcsirlarga qarshi mafkuraviy immunitetni kuchaytirish\u201d [1] muhim vazifalardan hisoblanadi. 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