{"id":21747,"date":"2022-05-10T17:07:38","date_gmt":"2022-05-10T12:07:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=21747"},"modified":"2022-05-10T17:07:38","modified_gmt":"2022-05-10T12:07:38","slug":"sualot-kitoblari-qanday-asar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=21747&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"Sualot kitoblari qanday asar?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Payg\u02bbambarimiz sollallohu alayhi vasallamning hadisi muboraklari dinda Qur\u02bconi karimdan keyingi manba hisoblanadi. Hadislar Qur\u02bcon oyatlarini tafsir qiladi, sharhlaydi, umumiy hukmlarni xoslaydi. Shunday muhim manbani uning sahihligi, aniqligiga ta\u02bcsir qiluvchi omillardan himoya qilish juda mas\u02bculiyatli vazifadir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hadis ilmida hadisning eng muhim tarkibiy qismi hisoblangan roviylar zanjiri, ya\u02bcni sanadni tanqidiy o\u02bbrganishga katta e\u02bctibor beriladi. Zero, sanaddagi roviylarning ishonchlilik darajasiga qarab, hadisning sahih yoki zaifligi, qabul qilish mumkinligi yoki rad etilishi lozimligi aniqlanadi. Roviylarning ayb-nuqsonlari, adolati va ishonchliligi kabi salbiy va ijobiy sifatlarini o\u02bbrganadigan fan \u201cjarh va ta\u02bcdil ilmi\u201d deb ataladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jarh va ta\u02bcdil sohasida \u201cSualot\u201d kitoblari boshqa manbalarda biz topa olmaydigan ko\u02bbplab ma\u02bclumotlarni o\u02bbz ichiga oladi, roviylar haqida ma\u02bclumot olish uchun muhim manba hisoblanadi. Sualot \u2013 arab tilida \u201csavollar\u201d ma\u02bcnosini bildirib, savol beruvchi o\u02bbz shayxi yoki hadis ilmi imomlariga bergan savollarining javoblari to\u02bbplangan kitoblardir. Ularning ko\u02bbpi bizgacha etib kelgan va nashr qilingan. Masalan, Ibn Madiniy, Ibn Main, Doraqutniy, Hokim va boshqalarning asarlari.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sualot kitoblarini ajratib turadigan jihat hadis tolibining biror ma\u02bclumotni ustozidan yoki shayxlaridan so\u02bbrab olish va tasdiqlashdagi o\u02bbzaro muloqotida, so\u02bbng aytilgan narsalar haqida ustozi bilan suhbatlashishda yuzaga chiqadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sualot kitoblari odatda ikki qismga bo\u02bblinadi:<\/span><\/p>\n

1.Roviylarga oid savollar:<\/span><\/p>\n

a. Ayrim roviylarni aniqlash va ularning ismlarini bilish. Bunda so\u02bbralgan roviy mubham bo\u02bblishi yoki laqabi, nisbasi, vafot etgan sanasi yoki sayohatlari bilan tilga olingan bo\u02bblishi mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

b. Hadisning muttasilligi ba\u02bczi roviylarga bog\u02bbliq yoki aksincha ekanini aniqlash uchun uning ayrim roviylardan eshitgan yoki eshitmaganini bilish uchun berilgan savollar.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0441.\u00a0Ba\u02bczi roviylarning jarh va ta\u02bcdildagi holatlarini bilishga bog\u02bbliq savollar.<\/span><\/p>\n

2.Hadis aytish bilan bog\u02bbliq savollar:<\/span><\/p>\n

a. Hadisning o\u02bbziga xos bir jihati, yechimi va undan chiqish yo\u02bbli haqida so\u02bbz boradi. Bunda muxtalaf (zohiran boshqa hadislarga zid) hadis bo\u02bblgani uchun ustozdan uni jamlab berishni so\u02bbraydi va u bu muammoni yechib beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

b. Hadis illatlari, hadis yoki sanadning hukmini bayon qiluvchi savollar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mashhur sualot kitoblari sifatida:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u201cSualot Abu Dovud lil Imom Ahmad ibn Hanbal\u201d.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. \u201cSualot Usmon ibn Abu Shayba li Ali ibn Madiniy\u201d.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. \u201cSualot Barzaiy li Abu Zur\u02bca Roziy\u201d.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. \u201cSualot Sullamiy lid Doraqutniy\u201d.<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. \u201cSualot Barqoniy\u201d.<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. \u201cSualot Hamza Sahmiy lid Doraqutniy\u201d.<\/span><\/li>\n
  7. \u201cSualot Naysoburiy lid Doraqutniy fil jarh vat ta\u02bcdil\u201d va bundan boshqa shu turkumga kiruvchi asarlarni ko\u02bbrsatish mumkin.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Sualot kitoblari odatda, o\u02bbquvchi va ma\u02bclumot axtaruvchiga oson bo\u02bblishi uchun alifbo tartibida tuzib chiqiladi. Masalan, kitobning avvalida birinchi harf \u2013 \u201calif\u201d bilan boshlanuvchi ismlar: \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 [Ismoil] undan so\u02bbng \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0628 [Ayyub] keyin \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f [Ahmad], \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 [Ibrohim] va hokazo tarzda keltiriladi. Lekin bitta harfdan boshlanuvchi ismlarda mukammal tartibga rioya qilinmasligi mumkin. Bunda, \u201calif\u201d bilan boshlanuvchi ismda ikkinchi harf \u201cba\u201d, keyingi harf undan keyingisi bo\u02bblishiga e\u02bctibor berilmaydi. Chunki, qadimgi musanniflarning alifbo tartibidagi odati shunday bo\u02bblgan \u2013 harflarning umumiy ketma-ketligiga rioya qilingan, bir so\u02bbz ichidagi ketma-ketlik inobatga olinmagan.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Ba\u02bczida bu savollar alohida kitob shaklida to\u02bbplanmasligi ham mumkin. Masalan, Imom Termiziy ustozi Buxoriy va boshqalardan roviylar borasida so\u02bbragan savollarni \u201cSunan\u201dida juda ko\u02bbp aytib o\u02bbtgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Bahodir MIRZAYEV<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi ilmiy xodimi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Payg\u02bbambarimiz sollallohu alayhi vasallamning hadisi muboraklari dinda Qur\u02bconi karimdan keyingi manba hisoblanadi. Hadislar Qur\u02bcon oyatlarini tafsir qiladi, sharhlaydi, umumiy hukmlarni xoslaydi. Shunday muhim manbani uning sahihligi, aniqligiga ta\u02bcsir qiluvchi omillardan himoya qilish juda mas\u02bculiyatli vazifadir. Hadis ilmida hadisning eng muhim tarkibiy qismi hisoblangan roviylar zanjiri, ya\u02bcni sanadni tanqidiy o\u02bbrganishga katta e\u02bctibor beriladi. Zero, sanaddagi roviylarning …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21745,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nSualot kitoblari qanday asar? - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Sualot kitoblari qanday asar?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=21747&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sualot kitoblari qanday asar? - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sualot kitoblari qanday asar?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=21747&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bukharicenter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-05-10T12:07:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/bukhari_buxoriy2022_72.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"330\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=21747&lang=oz\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=21747&lang=oz\",\"name\":\"Sualot kitoblari qanday asar? 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