{"id":21425,"date":"2022-04-20T10:56:49","date_gmt":"2022-04-20T05:56:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=21425"},"modified":"2022-04-20T10:56:49","modified_gmt":"2022-04-20T05:56:49","slug":"qur%ca%bconda-masjid-haqidagi-oyatlar-tahlili","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=21425&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"QUR\u02bcONDA MASJID HAQIDAGI OYATLAR TAHLILI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Har bir diniy ta\u02bclimotda bo\u02bblgani kabi, islom dinida ham, musulmonlarning ibodat qilishlari uchun maxsus ibodatxona mavjud. U masjid (machit) deb nomlanadi. Masjid \u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f))\u00a0 so\u02bbzi arab tilidan olingan bo\u02bblib, sajda qilinadigan joy degan ma\u02bcnoni anglatadi [3: 298.]. Istilohda esa, masjid deb musulmonlar jamoat bo\u02bblib namoz o\u02bbqiydigan ibodatxonaga aytiladi. Masjidlar asosan, kundalik besh vaqt namozni, juma, hayit va janoza namozlarini ado etish, ramazon oyida xatmi-Qur\u02bcon va iftorliklar o\u02bbtkazish, nikoh o\u02bbqish kabi diniy ibodat va marosimlar bajaradigan joy sanaladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Islom dinidagi ko\u02bbrsatmalar Qur\u02bcon va hadisga asoslanadi. O\u02bbrganishlar jarayonida shu narsa aniqlandiki, Qur\u02bconi karimda masjid so\u02bbzi 26 oyatda, 27 marotaba zikr qilingan. Masjid so\u02bbzi Qur\u02bconi karimning 21 o\u02bbrnida birlik shaklida, ya\u02bcni 16 o\u02bbrinda \u201cal-masjid\u201d (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f) va 5 o\u02bbrinda \u201cmasjid\u201d (\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f) ko\u02bbrinishida kelgan bo\u02bblsa, ko\u02bbplik shaklida, 4 o\u02bbrinda \u201cal-masojid\u201d (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f) va 2 o\u02bbrinda \u201cmasojid\u201d (\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f) shakllarida o\u02bbz aksini topgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Masjid so\u02bbzi A\u02bcrof surasining 29 va 31 oyatlarida, Tavba surasining 107 va 108 oyatida va Kahf surasining 21 oyatida \u201cmasjid\u201d (\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f) ko\u02bbrinishida, Baqara surasining 144, 149, 150, 191, 196 va 217 oyatlarida, Moida surasining 2 oyatida, Tavba surasining 7, 19, 28 oyatlarida, Isro surasining 1 va 7 oyatlarida, Fath surasining 25 va 27 oyatlarida, Haj surasining 25 oyatida va Anfol surasining 34 oyatida \u201cal-masjid\u201d (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f) shaklida, Baqara surasining 187 oyatida va\u00a0 Jin surasining 18 oyatida \u201cmasojid\u201d (\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f) holatida hamda Baqara surasining 114 oyatida, Tavba surasining 17 va 18 oyatlarida hamda Haj surasining 40 oyatida \u201cal-masojid\u201d (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f) shaklida zikr qilingan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Islom dining muqaddas manbasi Qur\u02bconi karimda yahudiylik va nasroniylikdan farqli ravishda ibodatgohni qayerga va qanday qurilishi, uning tarkibiy tuzilishi va undagi ibodat atributlarining shakl-shamoili hamda ularning mazmun-mohiyati haqida ko\u02bbrsatmalar keltirilmagan. Masjidning tarkibiy qismi va qurilishi haqidagi ko\u02bbrsatmalar hadislar bilan tartibga solingan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qur\u02bconi karimda masjid haqidagi oyatlar turli mavzularda nozil qilingan. Unga ko\u02bbra masjidlar Allohniki sanaladi. Zero, Alloh taolo Qur\u02bconi karimda shunday marhamat qiladi:<\/span><\/p>\n

[1:72:18].\u0648\u064e\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0627\u062c\u0650\u062f\u064e \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0650 \u0641\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u062f\u0652\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u064e\u0639\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0650 \u0623\u064e\u062d\u064e\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cVa albatta masjidlar, Allohnikidir. Bas Allohdan boshqaga duo qilmang\u201d<\/em>\u00a0[4: 282].<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Ushbu oyati karima masjidlar Alloh ibodat qilinadigan joy, \u201cAllohning uyi\u201d ekanligiga dalolat qiladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qur\u02bconi karim oyatlari tahlili shuni ko\u02bbrsatadiki, Qur\u02bconi karimda jami 3 (Masjid ul-Aqso, Masjid ul-Harom va Masjid az-Ziror) masjidning nomi zikr qilingan. Ulardan birinchisi Masjid ul-Harom deb nomlanadi. U musulmonlar uchun muqaddas sanalgan Makka shahrida joylashgan bo\u02bblib, u uning hududida qon to\u02bbkish hamda boshqa yomon ishlarni qilish harom qilingani uchun shunday nomlangan [2: 8]. Alloh taolo Qur\u02bconi karimning 15ta oyatida Masjid ul-Haromni zikr qilgan [1:2:144; 2:149; 2:150; 2:191; 2:196; 2:217; 5:2; 9:7; 9:19; 9:28; 17:1; 48:25; 48:27; 22:25; 8:34.].<\/span><\/p>\n

Masjid ul-Harom haqidagi oyatlar turli mavzularda nozil qilingan bo\u02bblib, ularning bir nechtasi musulmonlar uchun qibla o\u02bbzgartirilib ibodatni Masjid ul-Aqsodan masjid ul-Haromga yuzlangan holda ado etilishiga bag\u02bbishlangan. Masalan, Alloh taolo Baqara surasining 144-oyatida shunday deydi:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u0642\u064e\u062f\u0652 \u0646\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0649 \u062a\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0628\u064e \u0648\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0647\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0621\u0650 \u0641\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0646\u064f\u0648\u064e\u0644\u0651\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0642\u0650\u0628\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0629\u064b \u062a\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0636\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0641\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0644\u0651\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0634\u064e\u0637\u0652\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062c\u0650\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u062d\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062b\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u064f\u062c\u064f\u0648\u0647\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0634\u064e\u0637\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0623\u064f\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064e \u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0642\u0651\u064f \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0628\u0650\u063a\u064e\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0644<\/strong>\u00a0\u0639\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em>\u201cGoho yuzingning osmonga tez-tez burilganini ko\u02bbrurmiz. Bas, albatta, seni o\u02bbzing rozi bo\u02bblgan qiblaga qaraturmiz. Yuzingni masjid ul-Harom tomonga bur. Qayerda bo\u02bblsangiz ham yuzingizni u tomon buringiz. Albatta kitob berilganlar uning Robbilaridan bo\u02bblgan haq ekanini\u00a0 bilurlar. Va Alloh ularning qilayotgan\u00a0 ishlaridan g\u02bbofil emas\u201d<\/em>\u00a0[5: 127].<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Ba\u02bczi oyatlar Haram masjidi oldida qon to\u02bbkish katta gunohlardan ekanligi, \u201cfitna\u201d qotillikdan kattaroq gunoh ekanligi, imondan qaytib iymonsiz holda vafot etganlarga oxiratda alamli azob borligi to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida xabar beradi. Jumladan, Alloh taolo Baqara surasining 217-oyatida shunday marhamat qiladi:<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/em>\u201cSendan harom oyida urish qilish haqida so\u02bbrarlar. \u201cUnda urush qilish katta gunoh. Allohning yo\u02bblidan to\u02bbsish, Unga kufr keltirish, Masjid ul-Haromdan to\u02bbsish, uning ahlini undan chiqarish, Allohning huzurida eng katta gunohdir. Fitna o\u02bbldirishdan kattaroqdir\u201d, deb ayt. Ular, agar qodir bo\u02bblsalar, sizlarni diningizdan qaytargunlaricha sizga qarshi urush qilaveradilar. Sizdan kimki dindan qaytib, kofir holida o\u02bblib ketsa, ana o\u02bbshalar bu dunyoyu oxiratda amali habata bo\u02bblganlardir. Ana o\u02bbshalar do\u02bbzax egalaridir. Ular unda abadiy qolguvchilardir\u201d<\/em>\u00a0[5: 208-211].<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Ayrim oyatlar haj ibodatiga oid hukmiy oyatlar qatoriga kiradi. Alloh taolo Baqara surasining 196-oyatida shunday marhamat qiladi:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064e\u0623\u064e\u062a\u0650\u0645\u0651\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u062c\u0651\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0639\u064f\u0645\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0629\u064e \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0650<\/strong>\u00a0\u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064f\u062d<\/strong>\u0652\u0635\u0650\u0631\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0633\u064e\u0631\u064e \u0645\u0650\u0646 \u0627\u0644<\/strong>\u0647\u064e\u062f\u0652\u064a\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0631\u064f\u0621\u064f\u0648\u0633\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u062d\u064e\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u064a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0644\u064f\u063a\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0647\u064e\u062f\u0652\u064a\u064f \u0645\u064e\u062d\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0641\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0645\u064e\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0628\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0623\u064e\u0630\u064b\u0649 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0631\u064e\u0623\u0652\u0633\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0641\u064e\u0641\u0650\u062f\u0652\u064a\u064e\u0629\u064c \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0635\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0623\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0635\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0629\u064d \u0623\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0646\u064f\u0633\u064f\u0643\u064d \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0646\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0645\u064e\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0639\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0639\u064f\u0645\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u062c\u0651\u0650 \u0641\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0633\u064e\u0631\u064e \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0647\u064e\u062f\u0652\u064a\u0650 \u0641\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u062c\u0650\u062f\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0635\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064f \u062b\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0627\u062b\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u0623\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u062c\u0651\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0629\u064d \u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u062a\u0650\u0644\u0652\u0643\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0629\u064c \u0643\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0629\u064c \u0630\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0644\u064f\u0647\u064f \u062d\u064e\u0627\u0636\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062c\u0650\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0639\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064e \u0634\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u062f\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0639\u0650\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0650<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cAlloh uchun haj va umrani ado eting. Agar ushlanib qolsangiz, muyassar bo\u02bblganicha qurbonlik qiling. Qurbonlik o\u02bbz joyiga yetmaguncha, sochingizni oldirmang. Sizdan kim bemor bo\u02bblsa yoki boshida ozor beruvchi narsa bo\u02bblsa, ro\u02bbza tutish yoki sadaqa berish yohud qurbonlik so\u02bbyish ila to\u02bblov to\u02bblasin. Agar tinch bo\u02bblsangiz, kim umradan hajgacha huzur qilgan bo\u02bblsa, muyassar bo\u02bblgan qurbonlikni qilsin. Kim topmasa, uch kun hajda, yetti kun qaytganingizda \u2013 hammasi bo\u02bblib o\u02bbn kun to\u02bbliq ro\u02bbza tutsin. Bu ahli Masjid ul-Haromda yashamaydiganlar uchundir. Va Allohga taqvo qiling hamda, bilingki, albatta, Alloh iqobi shiddatli zotdir\u201d<\/em>\u00a0[5: 183].<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Bir oyatda Alloh taolo O\u02bbzining payg\u02bbambari Muhammad alayhissalomni Masjid ul-Haromdan Masjid ul-Aqsoga sayr qildirganini yodga oladi. Alloh taolo Niso surasining 1-oyatida shunday marhamat qiladi:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0633\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a \u0623\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0649 \u0628\u0650\u0639\u064e\u0628\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062c\u0650\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062c\u0650\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0635\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a \u0628\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0643\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u062d\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0644\u0650\u0646\u064f\u0631\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0622\u064a\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647 \u0647\u064f\u0648\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0639\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0635\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cO\u02bbz bandasini kechasi Masjid ul-Haromdan atrofini barokatli qilganimiz Masjid ul-Aqsoga mo\u02bbjizalarimizni ko\u02bbrsatish uchun sayr qildirgan Zot pok bo\u02bbldi. Albatta, U eshituvchi va ko\u02bbrguvchi zotdir\u201d<\/em>\u00a0[6: 396-400].<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Qur\u02bconda nomi zikr qilingan masjidlarning ikkinchisi bu Aqso masjidi. Masjid ul-Aqso so\u02bbzi arabcha (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f) dan olingan bo\u02bblib, \u201cUzoq Masjid\u201d degan ma\u02bcnoni anglatadi. U Quddusda joylashgani uchun unga shunday nom berilgan. Ushbu masjid yer yuzida qurilgan ikkinchi masjid hisoblanadi. Abu Zarr (r.a.)dan rivoyat qilinadi: Rasululloh alayhissalomdan yer yuzida qurilgan eng avvalgi masjid haqida so\u02bbradim. U zot \u201cMasjid ul-Harom\u201d, dedilar. So\u02bbngra qaysi? dedim. So\u02bbngra \u201cMasjid ul-Aqso\u201d, dedilar. Oralarida qancha (vaqt) bor? dedim. \u201cQirq yil\u201d, dedilar. So\u02bbngra: \u201cYer sen uchun masjiddir. Senga qayerda namoz vaqti yetsa, o\u02bbqi\u201d dedilar (Imom Buxoriy, Imom Muslim va Imom Nasoiy) [2: 49].<\/span><\/p>\n

Islom tarixida Aqso masjidi 1 yilu 8 oy davomida musulmonlarning qiblasi bo\u02bblgan [7: 95].<\/span><\/p>\n

Alloh taolo Qur\u02bconda Masjid ul-Aqsoni quyidagicha zikr qiladi:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0633\u064f\u0628\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a \u0623\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0649 \u0628\u0650\u0639\u064e\u0628\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062c\u0650\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062c\u0650\u062f\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0635\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a \u0628\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0643\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u062d\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0644\u0650\u0646\u064f\u0631\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0622\u064a\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647 \u0647\u064f\u0648\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0645\u0650\u064a\u0639\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0635\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cO\u02bbz bandasini kechasi Masjid ul-Haromdan atrofini barokatli qilganimiz Masjid ul-Aqsoga mo\u02bbjizalarimizni ko\u02bbrsatish uchun sayr qildirgan Zot pok bo\u02bbldi. Albatta, U eshituvchi va ko\u02bbrguvchi zotdir\u201d<\/em>\u00a0[6: 396-400].<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Ushbu oyatda Alloh taolo Muhammad alayhissalomni me\u02bcroj kechasi Harom masjididan Aqso masjidiga sayr qildirgani haqida zikr qiladi. Bu voqea islomda Isro deb atalib, shu kecha payg\u02bbambar alayhissalom Me\u02bcrojga ko\u02bbtariladilar. Islom ta\u02bclimotiga ko\u02bbra Isro va Me\u02bcroj voqealariga ishonish shart sanaladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Islomda ushbu masjid ziyorat uchun boriladigan ibodatxonalar ichida masjid ul-Harom va masjidun Nabaviydan keyingi uchinchi ibodatxona hisoblanadi. Abu Hurayra (r.a.)dan rivoyat qilingan hadisda payg\u02bbambar alayhissalom: \u201cKo\u02bbch bog\u02bblab borish uch masjidgagina bo\u02bbladi: Mening ushbu masjidimga, Masjid ul-Haromga va Masjid ul-Aqsoga dedilar\u201d (Imom Buxoriy, Imom Muslim, Imom Abu Dovud, Imom Termiziy, Imom Nasoiy).<\/span><\/p>\n

Boshqa bir hadisda \u201cFaqat uchta masjid ziyoratiga borish uchun ulovga miniladi: Masjid ul-Harom, mening masjidim va Masjid ul-Aqsoga\u201d deyilgan [2: 49].<\/span><\/p>\n

Qur\u02bconda nomi zikr qilingan masjidlarning uchinchisi masjid az-ziror deb nomlanadi. Masjid az-Ziror islom tarixida musulmonlar ichida fitna chiqarish, musulmonlarni birligini buzish, islom diniga zarar yetkazish maqsadida qurilgan masjid sanaladi [7: 229]. Ushbu masjidning nomi ham aynan zarar yetkazish so\u02bbzidan olingan. Masjid az-ziror Qur\u02bconi karimning tavba surasi 107-oyatida zikr qilingan bo\u02bblib, unda Alloh taolo shunday marhamat qiladi:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0627\u062a\u0651\u064e\u062e\u064e\u0630\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062c\u0650\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0641\u0652\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0624\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0631\u0652\u0635\u064e\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062d\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0642\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0644\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0641\u064f\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062f\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0649 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u064a\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0647\u064e\u062f\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0644\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0630\u0650\u0628\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cZiyon, kufr, mo\u02bbminlar orasiga tafriqa solish va bundan oldin Allohga va Uning rasuliga urush ochgan kimsani kutish joyi bo\u02bblishi uchun masjid qurganlar, albatta, biz yaxshilikdan boshqa narsani iroda qilganimiz yo\u02bbq, deb qasam icharlar. Alloh shohidlik beradiki, ular, albatta, yolg\u02bbonchilardir\u00a0<\/em>[8: 612].<\/span><\/p>\n

Tavba surasining 108-oyatida ziror masjidining nomi aytilmagan bo\u02bblsada, u yuqoridagi oyatning davomi sifatida nozil qilingan. Unda Alloh taolo shunday marhamat qiladi:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0647\u0650 \u0623\u064e\u0628\u064e\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062c\u0650\u062f\u064c \u0623\u064f\u0633\u0651\u0650\u0633\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0649 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0644\u0650 \u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064d \u0623\u064e\u062d\u064e\u0642\u0651\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0645\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0647\u0650 \u0641\u0650\u064a\u0647\u0650 \u0631\u0650\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064c \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0650\u0628\u0651\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0637\u064e\u0647\u0651\u064e\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064f \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0650\u0628\u0651\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0637\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0651\u0650\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSen u (masjid)da\u00a0 hech qachon turma! Albatta birinchi kundan taqvo asosida qurilgan masjidda turmoqliging haqdir. Unda poklanishni sevadigan kishilar bor. Alloh esa poklanuvchilarni sevadi\u201d<\/em>\u00a0[8: 613].<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Islomda masjid qurishga katta ahamiyat beriladi. Zero payg\u02bbambar alayhissalom o\u02bbzlarining muborak hadislarida shunday marhamat qiladilar:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u201cKim Alloh uchun masjid qursa, Alloh unga jannatda bir uy qurib beradi\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Ushbu hadisi sharifdan ko\u02bbrinib turibdiki, kim Allohning roziligi uchun bir masjid qursa, Alloh unga jannatni va unda u uchun bir uy qurib berishligi aytilmoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n

Islom tarixidagi ilk masjid Muhammad alayhissalom tomonidan 622 yili Madina shahri yaqinidagi Qubo qishlog\u02bbida barpo etilgan. Bu masjid hijrat asnosida qurilgan bo\u02bblib, unga \u201cMasjid ul-Qubo\u201d nomi berilgan. Uning qurilishida payg\u02bbambar alayhissalomning o\u02bbzlari ishtirok etganlar. Masjidning asosi toshlardan, ustki qismi esa xom g\u02bbishtdan qilib qurilgan[10]. Qubo masjidida minbar bo\u02bblmagan [9:\u00a0 226].<\/span><\/p>\n

Avvaliga masjidlar mehrob, minbar kabi diniy atributlar bilan jihozlanmagan. Mazkur atributlar keyinchalik sunnat bilan shakllangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Masjiddagi ibodat atributlaridan birinchisi minbar. Minbar \u2013 masjidda imom va\u02bcz aytadigan baland joy, keng zinapoyali supa bo\u02bblib, islom tarixidagi birinchi minbar uch pog\u02bbonali, baland o\u02bbrindiqli bo\u02bblgan. Unda Muhammad alayhissalom 628-629 yillarda ikki zina orqali chiqib, va\u02bcz o\u02bbqigan [12]. U masjid xonaqohining mehrob devori joylashgan qismining o\u02bbng tomonida yoki mehrobning o\u02bbng tarafidagi burchakda joylashgan bo\u02bbladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rivoyatlarga ko\u02bbra, payg\u02bbambar alayhissalom Madinada va\u02bczni xurmo daraxtining to\u02bbnkasiga chiqqan holda o\u02bbqiganlar. Musulmonlarning soni ko\u02bbpayganidan so\u02bbng payg\u02bbambar alayhissalomga minbar yasab berish taklifiki kiritilganda rozi bo\u02bbldilar. Payg\u02bbambar alayhissalom vafotlaridan so\u02bbng xalifa Abu Bakr (r.a.) payg\u02bbambarga hurmat yuzasidan minbarning ikkinchi pog\u02bbonasiga, xalifa Abu Bakr (r.a.) vafotidan so\u02bbng, xalifa Umar ibn Xattob (r.a.) Abu Bakr (r.a.)ga hurmat yuzasidan minbarning quyi pog\u02bbonasiga chiqib va\u02bcz o\u02bbqigan. Xalifa Umar ibn Xattob (r.a.) vafotidan so\u02bbng, Xalifa Usmon (r.a.) Abu Bakr (r.a.) bilan bir xil ikkinchi pog\u02bbonada, Xalifa Usmon (r.a.) vafotidan so\u02bbng, xalifa Ali (r.a.) payg\u02bbambar alayhissalom kabi birinchi pog\u02bbonada va\u02bcz o\u02bbqigan. Muoviya (r.a.) xalifalik davrida minbarga qo\u02bbshimcha 6 ta pog\u02bbona qo\u02bbshilgan bo\u02bblib, xalifalar xulafoi roshidinlarga hurmat yuzasidan quyi, ya\u02bcni uchinchi pog\u02bbonaga chiqishmagan. Bugungi kunga kelib minbar 12 va undan ko\u02bbproq pog\u02bbonali qilib qurilayotganiga guvoh bo\u02bblishimiz mumkin. Birgina Tilla qori madrasasidagi minbar 12 pog\u02bbonadan iborat. Minbarning katta-kichikligi masjid xonaqohining hajmi bilan bog\u02bbliq.<\/span><\/p>\n

Masjiddagi ibodat atributlaridan yana biri mehrob. Mehrob masjidning Ka\u02bcba tomonidagi devori ichiga taxmon shaklida qurilgan joy [11]. Mehrob, islom dinining dastlabki davrlaridan har bir masjidda mavjud bo\u02bblib, u namoz yuzlanib o\u02bbqiladigan tomon (qibla)ni belgilash uchun xizmat qiladi. Hozirgi kunda masjidlarning mehrobi Qur\u02bconi Karim oyatlari, har xil rangdagi shishalardan foydalanib duradgor ustalar tomonidan ishlov berilgan naqshlar bilan bezatilganligiga guvoh bo\u02bblishimiz mumkin. Shuni aytib o\u02bbtish kerakki, mazkur bezaklardan musulmonlar nafaqat mehrobni, balki, minbar va masjid shiftini bezashda ham foydalanadilar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Islom ta\u02bclimotida ibodatlarni masjidda bajarish shart qilib belgilanmagan. Musulmonlarga ibodatga imkon bor, pok joyda ibodat qilishga ruxsat berilgan. Biroq, masjidda jamoat bilan o\u02bbqilgan namoz uyda o\u02bbqilgan namozdan afzal sanaladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yuqorida keltirilgan ma\u02bclumotlardan xulosa qilib quyidagilarni keltirish mumkin:<\/span><\/p>\n