{"id":20555,"date":"2022-02-28T11:46:58","date_gmt":"2022-02-28T06:46:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=20555"},"modified":"2022-03-01T10:07:27","modified_gmt":"2022-03-01T05:07:27","slug":"far%ca%bciy1-masalalar-yechimining-mutloq-mujtahidi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=20555&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"FAR\u02bcIY[1] MASALALAR YECHIMINING MUTLOQ MUJTAHIDI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ma\u02bclumki, shariat ulamolari asri saodat davridan bugungi kungacha islom dinidagi hukmlarni avloddan avlodga yetkazishda ko\u02bbprik vazifasini o\u02bbtab kelmoqda. Alloh taolo ularni bandalari orasida eng fazilatli va faxrlilardan qilib qo\u02bbygani sababli O\u02bbz habibining tilidan:\u00a0\u201cUlamolar \u2013 payg\u02bbambarlarning merosxo\u02bbrlaridir\u201d<\/em>,[2]<\/a>\u00a0deb xabar bergan. Bu o\u02bbzgarmas din hukmlarini mahkam tutgan kishiga ko\u02bbp ne\u02bcmatlarni va\u02bcda qilib, hisob kunida sharafli o\u02bbrin va latif martabalarni va\u02bcda qilgan. Qolaversa, qiyinchilikka uchragan vaqtda ularni ruhlantirib:\u00a0\u201cBandalari orasida Allohdan faqat ulamolargina qo\u02bbrqarlar\u201d<\/strong>[3]<\/a>, deb tasalli bergan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Islom tarixida Payg\u02bbambarimiz sollallohu alayhi vasallamning vafotlaridan keyin sahobalar davri boshlanib, ular orasidan merosxo\u02bbr bo\u02bblish baxtiga birinchilardan bo\u02bblib erishgan zotlardir. Sahobai kiromlar u zot tomonidan: \u201cSahobalarim yulduz kabidir. Qaysisiga ergashsangiz ham hidoyat topasiz\u201d, deb e\u02bctirof etildi. Ular ummatga hidoyat yo\u02bbllarini ochiq-ravshan ko\u02bbrsatib, dinga benihoya foydasi tekkan, riyokorlik qilmasdan va obro\u02bb-e\u02bctibor ta\u02bcnasidan yiroq bo\u02bblib, Allohning kalimasini ulug\u02bblashga jon-jahdi bilan kirishgan insonlar edi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Keyin tobeinlar davri boshlanib, ular sahobalarning fatvolariga suyanib, har bir ishda ularga muvofiq ish tutdi va din hukmlarini o\u02bbzidan keyingilarga naql qilib qoldirdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shu davrda mujtahid imomlar o\u02bbz kuchini shar\u02bciy hukmlarni tahqiq etish va far\u02bciy masalalarni tadqiq qilishga sarfladi. Bu borada fiqhiy hukmlarni islom dinining asosi hisoblangan Qur\u02bcon, hadis, ijmo\u02bc va qiyosdan chiqarib oldi. Ularning biror masala bo\u02bbyicha hamfikrligi ummat uchun qat\u02bciy hujjat bo\u02bblsa, boshqa masalaga turlicha yondashuvi keng rahmat bo\u02bbldi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ular orasida oliy tabaqadagi ijtihod sohiblari bo\u02bblib, aynan o\u02bbshalar\u00a0 dinning eng kuchli ustunlariga aylandi. Ular shariatdagi hukmlarni o\u02bbzlari ishlab chiqqan usul qoidalariga ko\u02bbra tartiblab, ijtihod masalalarida o\u02bbz mazhablarini tuzdi. Har bir masalaga alohida to\u02bbxtalib, kamchiliklari bo\u02bblsa, to\u02bbldirib va xatosi bo\u02bblsa, to\u02bbg\u02bbrilab, o\u02bbz uslublariga soldi. Qur\u02bcon, hadis, ijmo\u02bc va qiyosdan hukm chiqarib olishda usul va far\u02bciy masalalar bo\u02bbyicha bir-biriga taqlid qilmadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Asrlar davomida mazhabi keng yoyilib, shahar va qishloqlarda shuhrat qozongan oliy tabaqadagi mujtahidlarga Abu Hanifa No\u02bbmon ibn Sobit Kufiy, Molik ibn Anas, Sufyon Savriy, Ibn Abu Laylo, Abdurrahmon Avzoiy, Muhammad ibn Idris Shofe\u02bciy, Ahmad ibn Hanbal va Dovud ibn Ali Isfahoniyni misol qilsak bo\u02bbladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ammo davr o\u02bbtishi bilan bular orasidan faqat Abu Hanifa, Molik ibn Anas, Shofe\u02bciy va Ibn Hanbal xoslanib qoldi. Ular Alloh taolo tomonidan berilgan ulug\u02bb karomat tufayli ijtihod masalalarida mislsiz ishlarni amalga oshirdi. Natijada islom kirib borgan diyorlarda bu mazhablar mashhur bo\u02bblib, yozilgan barcha kitoblarda ularning ishlab chiqqan usul va far\u02bciy hukmlari mo\u02bbtabar bo\u02bbldi. Asrlar osha boshqalar qolib, aynan shu mazhab sohiblariga qalblar talpinishi ularning niyati xolis va maqsadlari go\u02bbzal ekanligidan dalolat beradi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ayniqsa ulug\u02bb imom, ummatning chirog\u02bbi, ahli islom toji va imomlarning to\u02bblinoyi bo\u02bblgan Abu Hanifa o\u02bbz ijtihod yo\u02bbli bilan bular orasidan alohida ajralib chiqdi va Kufada yangi mazhabga asos soldi. Bu davrda Kufa kuchli ilmiy markaz hisoblanib, bir qancha sahobalar bu shaharda o\u02bbrnashib qolgan edi.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Alloh taolo u kishida boshqalarda bo\u02bblmagan ko\u02bbpgina fazilatlarni jamladi. Bu buyuk zotning ilmi keng tarqalib, unga ergashuvchi mujtahidlarning ko\u02bbpligi ham mazhabni mashhur qildi. Ular musulmonlar orasida shariat ilmlarini zohir qildi va mo\u02bbminlar orasida furu\u02bc ilmlarini keng tarqatdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom A\u02bczam birinchilardan bo\u02bblib fiqhda far\u02bciy masalalarning puxta o\u02bbylangan yechimlarini joriy qilgan mujtahidi mutlaqdir. U kishi hayoti davomida sakson uch ming masalaning hukmini nozik tomonlari bilan birgalikda bayon qilib bergan. Abu Zahro aytadi: \u201cAbu Hanifa maxfiy fiqhni tuzmadi, balki uni qiyosdan iborat ko\u02bbpgina masalalar bilan boyitdi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom A\u02bczam davrida kitob yozish hali keng tus olmagani sababli u kishining fiqhda joriy qilgan hukm va uslublarini zabardast shogirdlari ta\u02bclif va tasnif etgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Demak, Hanafiy mazhabining islom dunyosi miqyosida keng ko\u02bblamda tarqalib, rivojlanishida allomaning do\u02bbstlari va shogirdlari g\u02bboyat muhim omil bo\u02bblgan. Ular o\u02bbz izdoshlariga yozdirish, qayd ettirish, shuningdek, tur, sinf va tabaqalarga ajratib asar yozish bilan Abu Hanifa ta\u02bclimotini qo\u02bbllab-quvvatlagan.<\/span><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a>\u00a0Shariatda ibodat va munosabatarni o\u02bbz ichiga oluvchi hukmlar\u00a0far\u02bciy\u00a0hukmlardir.<\/span><\/div>\n
[2]<\/a>\u00a0Bayhaqiy rivoyati. Al-madxol. 1\/115.<\/span><\/div>\n
[3]<\/a>\u00a0Fotir surasi, 28-oyat.<\/span><\/div>\n
Otabek BAXRIYEV,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a0ilmiy xodimi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ma\u02bclumki, shariat ulamolari asri saodat davridan bugungi kungacha islom dinidagi hukmlarni avloddan avlodga yetkazishda ko\u02bbprik vazifasini o\u02bbtab kelmoqda. Alloh taolo ularni bandalari orasida eng fazilatli va faxrlilardan qilib qo\u02bbygani sababli O\u02bbz habibining tilidan:\u00a0\u201cUlamolar \u2013 payg\u02bbambarlarning merosxo\u02bbrlaridir\u201d,[2]\u00a0deb xabar bergan. Bu o\u02bbzgarmas din hukmlarini mahkam tutgan kishiga ko\u02bbp ne\u02bcmatlarni va\u02bcda qilib, hisob kunida sharafli o\u02bbrin va latif …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20553,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nFAR\u02bcIY[1] MASALALAR YECHIMINING MUTLOQ MUJTAHIDI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=20555&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"FAR\u02bcIY[1] MASALALAR YECHIMINING MUTLOQ MUJTAHIDI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ma\u02bclumki, shariat ulamolari asri saodat davridan bugungi kungacha islom dinidagi hukmlarni avloddan avlodga yetkazishda ko\u02bbprik vazifasini o\u02bbtab kelmoqda. Alloh taolo ularni bandalari orasida eng fazilatli va faxrlilardan qilib qo\u02bbygani sababli O\u02bbz habibining tilidan:\u00a0\u201cUlamolar \u2013 payg\u02bbambarlarning merosxo\u02bbrlaridir\u201d,[2]\u00a0deb xabar bergan. 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