{"id":20429,"date":"2022-02-22T09:54:09","date_gmt":"2022-02-22T04:54:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=20429"},"modified":"2022-02-22T09:55:52","modified_gmt":"2022-02-22T04:55:52","slug":"imom-buxoriy-asarlarida-qur%ca%bcon-tafsiri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=20429&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"IMOM BUXORIY ASARLARIDA QUR\u02bcON TAFSIRI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Abu Abdulloh Muhammad ibn Ismoil Buxoriy (194\/810-256\/870) islom olamida \u201cMuhaddislar imomi\u201d, \u201cHadis ilmining sultoni\u201d kabi bir qator sharafli nomlar bilan mashhur bo\u02bblgan. Uning 20 ga yaqin asari sanab o\u02bbtilgan. U nafaqat hadis, balki tafsir sohasida ham shuhrat qozongan. U mashhur \u201cal-Jome\u02bc as-sahih\u201ddan oldin \u201cTafsirul kabir\u201d (\u201cKatta tafsir\u201d) kitobini yozgan, lekin bu asar bizgacha yetib kelmagan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cAl-Jome\u02bc as-sahih\u201d asari Qur\u02bconi karimdan keyin ikkinchi manba deb e\u02bctirof etiladi. Imom Buxoriy o\u02bbz oldiga shunday asar yozishni maqsad qilib qo\u02bbygan va uni bajarish uchun Balx, Basra, Bag\u02bbdod, Misr, Madina, Makka kabi ilmiy-ma\u02bcnaviy markazlarga safar qilgan. Uning qisqa muddatda bunday ulkan geografik hududni piyoda kezib ilm o\u02bbrganishi, jumladan, olti yuz mingta hadisni yod olishini mo\u02bbjiza, deb baholash mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bugungi kunda Imom Buxoriyning ilm-fan, islom sivilizatsiyasi rivojiga qo\u02bbshgan ulkan hissasini butun dunyo e\u02bctirof etadi. Hadis ilmiga oid deyarli barcha kitoblarda uning rivoyatlarini uchratish mumkin. Hadislar ustida ilmiy izlanish olib borayotgan har bir tadqiqotchi uning asarlariga murojaat qiladi. Muhaddisning hayoti va ilmiy faoliyatini tadqiq qilgan olimlar inson qisqa umri davomida bu qadar salmoqli ishlarni amalga oshirishi uchun ulkan iste\u02bcdod talab etilishini aytadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Buxoriy juda sertavoze, bag\u02bbrikeng va kamtar inson bo\u02bblgan. Biror hadisda kamchilik yoki illat ko\u02bbrsa, uni darrov tanqid qilmas, aksincha, \u201cbu xususda avval o\u02bbtganlar hech narsa demagan\u201d, \u201cbu haqda boshqa mulohaza ham mavjud\u201d, degan beozor iboralarni qo\u02bbllagan. Uning eng qattiq ayblovi \u201cmunkir al-hadis\u201d (\u201chadisi inkor qilingan\u201d) degan so\u02bbzlardan iborat. Ushbu ibora hadis ilmida maxsus qoidaga aylangan. Borib-borib, shunga yetganki, Imom Buxoriy biror roviy haqida \u201cmunkir al-hadis\u201d iborasini ishlatgan bo\u02bblsa, undan hadis rivoyat qilinmagan.<\/span><\/p>\n

So\u02bbnggi yillarda Prezident Shavkat Mirziyoyev rahbarligida Imom Buxoriy va uning ilmiy merosini o\u02bbrganish va targ\u02bbib qilishga alohida e\u02bctibor qaratilmoqda. Muhaddis dafn etilgan maqbara yaqinida Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi, Hadis ilmi maktabi faoliyat olib bormoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shu o\u02bbrinda \u201cbugungi kunda ajdodlarimiz merosiga alohida e\u02bctibor qaratilayotganining sababi nima\u201d, degan savol tug\u02bbilishi tabiiydir. Buning sababi sifatida uchta omilni keltirish mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Birinchidan, Uchinchi Renessans ostonasida turgan mamlakatimiz tarixda ikkita olamshumul tamaddunni boshdan kechirgan. Ularning sodir bo\u02bblishiga mutafakkir allomalarimizning o\u02bbrni va roli, ilmiy faoliyati muhim o\u02bbrin tutgan. Bir so\u02bbz bilan aytganda, qadim Movarounnahr sivilizatsiyaga ilm-fan orqali erishgan. Bu esa har qanday taraqqiyot negizida ilm yotishini ko\u02bbrsatadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ikkinchidan, globallashuv sharoitida o\u02bbsib kelayotgan yosh avlodni milliy qadriyatlar ruhida tarbiyalashning eng samarali usullaridan biri asrlar osha an\u02bcanaga aylangan qadriyatlarimizda namoyon bo\u02bbladi. Dunyo ilm-fani beshigini tebratgan ajdodlarimizdan tarbiya bobida ham o\u02bbrganishimiz kerak bo\u02bblgan bir talay jihatlar bor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uchinchidan, biz buyuk ajdodlarning avlodlari va davomchilarimiz. Bugungi kunda Imom Buxoriy merosi nafaqat islom olamida, balki G\u02bbarbda ham keng o\u02bbrganilmoqda. Alloma nomidagi maktablar, madrasalar faoliyati yo\u02bblga qo\u02bbyilgan, stipendiya va ilmiy grantlar ta\u02bcsis etilgan. Masalan, Angliyaning Oksford universiteti Islomshunoslik ilmiy-tadqiqot institutida Imom Buxoriy nomidagi stipendiya joriy qilingan. Arab mamlakatlarida, Afrika qit\u02bcasidagi davlatlarda Buxoriy nomi bilan ataladigan mavzelar mavjud. U yerlardan yetishib chiqqan olimlar o\u02bbziga Buxoriy nisbasini olishni sharaf deb biladi. Dunyo e\u02bctirof etgan, turli millatlar ergashadigan allomalarimizning ishlarini davom ettirishga esa hammadan ko\u02bbra biz burchliroq va haqliroqmiz.<\/span><\/p>\n

IX asrda Movarounnahrda naqliy tafsir yozish an\u02bcanasini Abd Ibn Humayd Keshiy, Imom Buxoriy, Imom Termiziy, Abu Abdulloh Dorimiy kabi muhaddislar boshlab berdi. Abd ibn Humayd Keshiyning naqliy uslubda kitobat qilingan kitobi mavjud. \u201cOli Imron\u201d va \u201cNiso\u201d suralari sharhidan iborat shaklda 2004 yilda Bayrutda chop etilgan ushbu tafsir bugungi kunda tadqiqot jarayoniga jalb etilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Buxoriyning \u201cTafsir\u201d nomli kitobi borligi manbalarda qayd qilingan. Biroq u bizgacha yetib kelmagan, shu sababli ushbu kitob haqida aniq fikr aytish qiyin. Lekin uning kitob ta\u02bclif etish uslubidan kelib chiqib, uni naqliy tafsir, deyish mumkin. Termiziy va Dorimiy tafsir yozgani ma\u02bclum bo\u02bblmasa-da, ularning hadis to\u02bbplamlarida Qur\u02bcon tafsiriga oid alohida boblar borligi va ularda oyatlar hadislar yordamida sharhlanganidan kelib chiqib, ularni naql asosida tafsir qilgan muhaddislar, deyish mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu an\u02bcana X asr va undan keyin ham davom etdi. Abu Is\u02bchoq Nasafiyning hali qo\u02bblyozmasi topilmagan, biroq naqliy tafsir bo\u02bblishi mumkin bo\u02bblgan \u201cTafsir\u201d kitobi borligi ta\u02bckidlanadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yana bir olim Abu Lays Samarqandiy \u201cBahrul ulum\u201dda oyat va hadislarga asoslangan tafsirlardan ko\u02bbp foydalangan. Abu Hafs Umar ibn Muhammad Hamazoniy Samarqandiyning ham \u201cTafsir\u201d nomli asari borligi aytilsa-da, bizgacha yetib kelmagani bois uning qanday tafsir ekani borasida aniq fikr bildirish qiyin. Biroq o\u02bbsha davr va olimning qarashlaridan kelib chiqib, katta ehtimol bilan uni naqliy tafsir bo\u02bblgan, deyish mumkin. Toshkentlik Abu Bakr Qaffol Muhammad ibn Ali Shoshiyning ham \u201cTafsirul kabir\u201d nomli asari borligi aytiladi, lekin u ham bizgacha saqlanib qolmagan. Biroq ayrim asarlarda undan keltirilgan bir qator iqtiboslar mazkur tafsirning naqliy va aqliy ekanini ko\u02bbrsatadi. Olimning muhaddis bo\u02bblgani ham uni tafsirlarda naqliy dalillardan foydalanganiga sabab bo\u02bblgan bo\u02bblishi mumkin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Buxoriyning \u201cTafsirul kabir\u201d kitobi borligini Firabriy zikr qilgan. Ibn Hajar \u201cFathul Boriy\u201dga yozgan muqaddimasi \u201cHadyus Soriy\u201dda \u201cUshbu kitobning hadislarini chiqarishda ulkan va fidokorona xizmatlar qilgan. Bu haqda Muhammad ibn Abu Hotim Varroq Buxoriy aytgan\u201d, degan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hadis ilmi istilohida \u201cJome\u02bc\u201d deganda hadisning barcha qismlarini jamlovchi, degan ma\u02bcno tushuniladi. U aqida, hukmlar, zohidlik, yemoq- ichmoq odobi, safar, o\u02bbtirish-turib odobi, tafsir, tarix, siyar, fitnalar, fazilatlarga oid hadislarni o\u02bbz ichiga olgan bo\u02bbladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu haqda Valiyulloh Dehlaviy quyidagilarni aytadi: \u00abAhli hadis hadis ilmini devonga kiritib, tasnif qilganida uni to\u02bbrt fandan iborat qilgan:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Sunnat fani. Ya\u02bcni, fiqhga oid narsalar. Molikning \u201cMuvatto\u201dsi va Sufyonning \u201cJome\u02bc\u201diga o\u02bbxshash kitoblar.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Tafsir fani. Ibn Jurayjning kitobiga o\u02bbxshash.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Siyrat Fani. Muhammad ibn Is\u02bchoqning kitobiga o\u02bbxshash.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Zuhd va Raqoiq. Ibn Muborakning kitobiga o\u02bbxshash\u00bb.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Imom Buxoriy bu to\u02bbrt fanni bir kitobda jamlagan. Shuning uchun ham uning kitobi \u201cAl-Jome\u02bc as-sahih al-musnad\u201d deb nomlangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Buyuk muhaddisning \u201c Tafsirul kabir\u201d kitobining qo\u02bblyozmasi saqlanib qolmagan. Biroq Karl Brokkelman uning ikki qo\u02bblyozma nusxasidan ayrim qismlarini Askuriya (Ispaniyadagi Eskorial muzeyi) va Fransiya milliy kutubxonasida saqlanadi, deb ma\u02bclumot beradi. Shuningdek, u kitobning bir qo\u02bblyozma nusxasi Jazoir milliy kutubxonasida va yana biri Parijdagi milliy kutubxonada mavjud, deydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Biroq ular \u201cAl-Jome\u02bc as-sahih\u201dning qismlari ekanligi haqiqatga yaqinroq. Chunki \u201cMusnadul kabir\u201d, \u201cJomeul kabir\u201d kabi ushbu tafsir ham bizgacha yetib kelmagan asarlardan sanaladi. Buni Imom Suyutiy ham zikr qilib o\u02bbtadi. Olim barcha kitoblarida asosan hadislarni keltirgan. O\u02bbzbek tilida Imom Buxoriyning hadis borasidagi izlanishlari alohida tadqiq qilingan, biroq tafsir sohasidagi izlanishlari hali o\u02bbz tadqiqotchilarini kutib turibdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Olimlar buyuk muhaddisning tafsir bilan bog\u02bbliq qarashlarini tadqiq qilgan. Jumladan, Ummul Quro universiteti bitiruvchisi Hamd al-Imom ibn Xatariy \u201cManhajul Imomil Buxoriy fit tafsir min xilal kitobihis sahih\u201d (\u201cImom Buxoriyning \u201cSahih\u201d kitobidagi tafsir bo\u02bbyicha yo\u02bbnalish\u201d) va Bag\u02bbdoddagi Islom universiteti magistri Muhammad Hamd Ivod al-Hoshimiyning \u201cManhajul Imomil Buxoriy at-tafsiri fi sahihihi\u201d (\u201cImom Buxoriyning \u201cSahih\u201d kitobidagi tafsir uslubi\u201d) kitoblarida uning tafsirga oid qarashlari o\u02bbrganilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Imom Buxoriy \u201cal-Jome\u02bc as-sahih\u201dga tafsirga oid hadislarni ham kiritgan. Jumladan, alohida tafsirga bag\u02bbishlangan \u201cQur\u02bcon tafsiri kitobi\u201d bobida \u201cFotiha\u201d surasini tafsir qilib, unda Abu Said ibn Muallodan rivoyat qilingan Qur\u02bconning eng ulug\u02bb surasi \u201cFotiha\u201d ekani to\u02bbg\u02bbrisidagi hadis keltiriladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Shuningdek, mazkur bobda \u201cFotiha\u201d, \u201cBaqara\u201d, \u201cOli Imron\u201d, \u201cNiso\u201d, \u201cAn\u02bcom\u201d kabi 85 suradagi oyatlarning tafsirlari o\u02bbrin olgan va jami 358 oyatga sharh berilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Umumiy hisobda 503 ta rivoyat keltiriladi. 4474-raqamli hadisdan boshlanib, 4977-raqamli hadis bilan yakunlanadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Imom Buxoriy hadislar orasidan o\u02bbz shartlariga to\u02bbg\u02bbri kelganini saralab olgani bois hamma oyatlarning sharhlari bo\u02bblmasligi mumkin. Bu tafsirlar naqlga asoslangan bo\u02bblib, asosan sahobalardan Abu Hurayra, Anas ibn Molik, Ibn Abbos, Abdulloh ibn Umar, Oisha, tobeinlardan Mujohid, Qatoda, Ikrima, Masruqning rivoyatlari borligi bilan e\u02bctiborga loyiq.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Mazkur asarning yana bir qismi \u201cQur\u02bcon fazilatlari kitobi\u201d deb ataladi. Unda Qur\u02bcon o\u02bbqish, uni takrorlash va o\u02bbrgatish fazilati kabi mavzular yoritilgan. Bu ham Imom Buxoriyning mufassirlardan ekanini ko\u02bbrsatmoqda. Chunki naqliy tafsirlar hadisning bir turi bo\u02bblib, hadis mazmunan Qur\u02bconni sharhlaydi. Bu esa hadis bilimdonining tafsir ilmini bilishidan dalolat beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Buyuk muhaddisning tafsirga oid kitoblari bu ilmda naqliy tafsirlardan sanaladi. Chunki ularda asosan naqlga oid rivoyatlar jamlangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

    So\u02bbnggi yillarda diniy-ma\u02bcrifiy sohada keng ko\u02bblamli islohotlar amalga oshirilmoqda. O\u02bbzbekistondagi Islom sivilizatsiyasi markazi, Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi, Imom Moturidiy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi, Imom Termiziy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi, O\u02bbzbekiston xalqaro islom akademiyasi, Hadis ilmi maktabi, Imom Buxoriy nomidagi Toshkent islom instituti, Mir Arab oliy madrasasi kabi muassasalar xalqimizning ilmu ma\u02bcrifatini yuksaltirishga xizmat qilmoqda. Bu esa, o\u02bbz navbatida, Imom Buxoriyning \u201cDunyoda ilmdan boshqa najot yo\u02bbq va hech qachon bo\u02bblmagay\u201d, degan purma\u02bcno so\u02bbzlarini yana teran anglash, shu tamoyil asosida yashash va ishlashga yordam beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar:<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      Muhammad Buxoriy. Hadis. Al-Jome\u02bc as-sahih. \u2013 T.: Qomuslar bosh tahririyati, 1995. J. III. \u2013 B. 150 (Bundan keyin \u2013 Buxoriy. Al-Jome\u02bc as-sahih.).<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      Maqsudov D. Movarounnahrlik mufassirlar \/\/ Imom Buxoriy saboqlari. \u2013 Toshkent, 2006. \u2013 \u2116 3. \u2013 B. 233.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
    3. \n
      https:\/\/islom.uz\/maqola\/4355<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
    4. \n
      http:\/\/qadriyat.uz\/tarix\/muhaddislar\/591-imom-al-bukhorij-sho-asar-al-zhome-as-sa-i<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      Davronbek Maxsudov,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
      Din ishlar bo\u02bbyicha qo\u02bbmita raisining birinchi o\u02bbrinbosari<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Abu Abdulloh Muhammad ibn Ismoil Buxoriy (194\/810-256\/870) islom olamida \u201cMuhaddislar imomi\u201d, \u201cHadis ilmining sultoni\u201d kabi bir qator sharafli nomlar bilan mashhur bo\u02bblgan. Uning 20 ga yaqin asari sanab o\u02bbtilgan. U nafaqat hadis, balki tafsir sohasida ham shuhrat qozongan. U mashhur \u201cal-Jome\u02bc as-sahih\u201ddan oldin \u201cTafsirul kabir\u201d (\u201cKatta tafsir\u201d) kitobini yozgan, lekin bu asar bizgacha yetib kelmagan. …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20428,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nIMOM BUXORIY ASARLARIDA QUR\u02bcON TAFSIRI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=20429&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"IMOM BUXORIY ASARLARIDA QUR\u02bcON TAFSIRI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Abu Abdulloh Muhammad ibn Ismoil Buxoriy (194\/810-256\/870) islom olamida \u201cMuhaddislar imomi\u201d, \u201cHadis ilmining sultoni\u201d kabi bir qator sharafli nomlar bilan mashhur bo\u02bblgan. Uning 20 ga yaqin asari sanab o\u02bbtilgan. U nafaqat hadis, balki tafsir sohasida ham shuhrat qozongan. 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