{"id":19746,"date":"2022-01-08T15:09:18","date_gmt":"2022-01-08T10:09:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=19746"},"modified":"2022-01-08T15:09:18","modified_gmt":"2022-01-08T10:09:18","slug":"ziji-xoqoniy-boshqa-zijlarning-ko%ca%bbchirmasimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=19746&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"\u201cZIJI XOQONIY\u201d BOSHQA \u201cZIJ\u201dLARNING KO\u02bbCHIRMASIMI?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jamshid Koshiyning hayoti va ilmiy faoliyati Dehlidan Damashqqacha va Orol dengizidan Fors ko\u02bbrfazigacha bo\u02bblgan ulkan hududda hukmronlik qilgan[1: 20] temuriylar saltanati davriga to\u02bbg\u02bbri kelgani uchun biz u yashagan Koshon (Iroqi ajam) va Movarounnahrning o\u02bbsha davrdagi tarixiga nazar solamiz. Eronni Shohruh tasarruf etgani, Movarounnahrni esa Ulug\u02bbbek boshqargani sababli olimning butun faoliyati to\u02bbliq shu saltanat doirasida, ularning xizmatida bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Temur va temuriy shahzodalarning ilm-ma\u02bcrifatga munosabati ijobiy bo\u02bblgani tufayli o\u02bbsha zamonda ilm-fan eng yuqori pog\u02bbonaga ko\u02bbtarildi, desak, mubolag\u02bba bo\u02bblmaydi. Buni o\u02bbsha davrlarda va undan keyingi yuz yillikda tasnif etilgan asarlar, ular qurdirgan son-sanoqsiz ilm dargohlari va rasadxona misolida bilish mumkin. Mirzo Ulug\u02bbbekning ilm-fan rivoji borasida olib borgan faoliyati natijasida fanning ko\u02bbp sohalarida, ayniqsa, falakiyot (astronomiya) ilmi sohasida ajoyib ishlar qilindi[1: 34]. U qurdirgan rasadxonaning o\u02bbzida yuzlab olimlar ishlagani ma\u02bclum.<\/span><\/p>\n

Temuriylarning, xususan, Ulug\u02bbbekning ilmu ma\u02bcrifat rivojiga qo\u02bbshgan hissasi beqiyosdir. Zero, ilm-fanga sharoit bo\u02bblmagan joyda ahli ilmning katta jamoasi yig\u02bbilmasligi va ko\u02bbplab olimlarning yetishib chiqmasligi ham tarixiy haqiqatdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Temuriylar davrida butun Movarounnahr va Xuroson madaniy ma\u02bcnaviy hayotidagi rivojlanish bu hududda IX-XII asrlarda kuzatilgan taraqqiyot singari bo\u02bblib, o\u02bbziga xos renessans hisoblanadi[2:\u00a0156-175].<\/span><\/p>\n

O\u02bbsha renessansning samaralaridan biri Temuriylar davridagi ilk astronomik asar bu Jamshid Koshiyning \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201dsidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>\u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201dning tuzilishi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201d umumiy kirish va 6 maqoladan iborat[3].<\/span><\/p>\n

Birinchi maqola mashhur tarixlar haqida bo\u02bblib, u muqaddima va 4 bobdan tashkil topgan. Unda 5 ta tarixiy (milodiy, yahudiy, hijriy, yazdigardiy, xitoy-uyg\u02bbur) taqvimlar haqida ma\u02bclumot va ulardan foydalanish qoidalari mavjud.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ikkinchi maqola muqaddima va 2 bobdan iborat. Unda trigonometrik va astronomik funksiyalar, sinus, o\u02bbq, og\u02bbma va to\u02bbg\u02bbri chiqishlar haqida so\u02bbz yuritilib, ularga doir qoidalar keltiriladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uchinchi maqolada taqvimlar, yulduzlarning o\u02bbrni va ularga taalluqli narsalar haqida, xususan, quyosh, oy, beshta sayyora harakatlari va ular uchun hisoblash yo\u02bbllari bayon etiladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

To\u02bbrtinchi maqola muqaddima va ikki bobdan iborat bo\u02bblib, unda astronomiyaga oid ulkan muammolar, mashhur yoylar yechimi ustidagi amallar haqida so\u02bbz yuritiladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Beshinchi maqola muqaddima va 2 bobdan tarkib topgan bo\u02bblib, turli ma\u02bclumotlar asosida tole\u02bclarni aniqlash, ko\u02bbproq astrologik masalalarga oid \u2014 shaxslar va umuman dunyodagi ko\u02bbp voqealar tahqiqiga bag\u02bbishlangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Oltinchi maqola muqaddima va 2 bobdan iborat bo\u02bblib, unda ilmi nujumga oid boshqa (qolgan) amallar haqida bahs yuritiladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Gumon va yechim<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ba\u02bczilarning \u201cZiji jadidi Go\u02bbragoniy\u201dning asosini \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201d tashkil etadi, degan yoki shunga o\u02bbxshash boshqa barcha gumonlarini qanchalik to\u02bbg\u02bbri yo noto\u02bbg\u02bbriligini aniqlashga harakat qilaylik. Buning uchun Koshiyning \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201d va Ulug\u02bbbekning \u201cZiji jadidi Go\u02bbragoniy\u201d asarlarining o\u02bbxshash va farqli jihatlariga bir nazar solaylik.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ulug\u02bbbekning \u201cZij\u201disi umumiy kirish va 4 ta maqoladan iborat. \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201d esa, umumiy kirish va 6 ta maqoladan tashkil topgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cZiji Go\u02bbragoniy\u201dning nazariy qismi taxminan 17 foizni, jadval qismi esa 83 foizni tashkil etadi. \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201dning taqriban 45 foizi nazariyaga, qolgan 55 foizi esa jadvallarga bag\u02bbishlangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ikkala \u201cZij\u201dning birinchi, ikkinchi va uchinchi maqolalari mavzu jihatidan bir-biriga yaqin, lekin qamrov (hajm va mavzuni yoritish) jihatidan har xil.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201dning to\u02bbrtinchi, beshinchi va oltinchi maqolalaridagi keng yoritilgan masalalar \u201cZiji Go\u02bbragoniy\u201dning maqolalarida tarqoq ko\u02bbrinishda qisqaroq berilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cZiji Go\u02bbragoniy\u201ddagi turk-uyg\u02bbur vaqt o\u02bblchash uslubi \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201ddan olingani ma\u02bclum bo\u02bblib turibdi. O\u02bbz navbatida Koshiy uni Nosiriddin Tusiyning \u201cZiji Elxoniy\u201dsidan olgan[4:\u00a0234-237].<\/span><\/p>\n

Ulug\u02bbbek xitoy vaqt o\u02bblchovlari va hayvonlar nomlari bilan bog\u02bbliq oltmish yillik davriy taqvimiga katta e\u02bctibor berib, ko\u02bbproq to\u02bbxtaladi. Bu masalada ham Ulug\u02bbbek ko\u02bbp ma\u02bclumotlarni \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201ddan olgani ko\u02bbrinadi. Koshiy esa uni \u201cZiji Elxoniy\u201ddan olgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cZiji Go\u02bbragoniy\u201dda muchal va xitoy \u201cchog\u02bb\u201dlari haqida keng ma\u02bclumot berilgan. Muchal va xitoy \u201cchog\u02bb\u201dlari haqida \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201dda esa birinchi maqolasida aytilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ulug\u02bbbek \u201czij\u201dida 1018 yulduzning o\u02bbrni o\u02bbrganilib, aniqlangan. Koshiynikida esa 60 ta yulduzning koordinatasi berilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cZiji Go\u02bbragoniy\u201dda 699 ta shahar va aholi punktining kenglik va uzunligi aniqlangan bo\u02bblsa, \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201dda 513 tasiniki berilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ulug\u02bbbek hisob-kitoblarda birlik aylana, ya\u02bcni radiusi bir birlikka teng aylanadan foydalanadi. Koshiy esa R=60 dan foydalangan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ulug\u02bbbek sinusning bir gradusining qiymatini 0r<\/sup>1I<\/sup>2II<\/sup>49III<\/sup>43IV<\/sup>11V<\/sup>14VI<\/sup>44VII<\/sup>16VIII<\/sup>26IX<\/sup>\u00a0deb topadi. Koshiy esa uni 0r<\/sup>1I<\/sup>2II<\/sup>49III<\/sup>43IV<\/sup>11V<\/sup>14VI<\/sup>44VII<\/sup>16VIII<\/sup>12IX<\/sup>30X\u00a0<\/sup>deb hisoblaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

To\u02bbg\u02bbri, ba\u02bczi jumlalar, masalan yil va oyning ta\u02bcrifida bir xildagi so\u02bbzlar ishlatilgan[5]. Buning hech ajablanarli joyi yo\u02bbq. Chunki, bir narsaning ta\u02bcrifi ikki xil bo\u02bblishi amri mahol, ayniqsa aniq fanlarda.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kennedining aytishicha, Ulug\u02bbbek Beruniy, Tusiy, Sheroziy va Koshiyning \u201cZij\u201didan foydalanish bilan birga, ulardagi ma\u02bclumotlarni tekshirib ko\u02bbrib, yanada aniqroq qiymatlarni topib olgan. Jumladan, u: \u201cKoshiyning jadvalidan ko\u02bbra Ulug\u02bbbekniki aniqroq\u201d, deydi[6: 2].<\/span><\/p>\n

Mashhur to\u02bbrtta \u201cZij\u201dni maqolalar (bo\u02bblimlar) bo\u02bbyicha jadvalga solib qiyoslab ko\u02bbraylik:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Maqo-lalar-ning soni<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u201cZiji Shohjaho- niy\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u201cZiji Elxoniy\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u201cZiji Go\u02bbragoniy\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Tarixlar, ya\u02bcni eralar haqida<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Tarixlar, ya\u02bcni eralar haqida<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Tarixlar, ya\u02bcni eralar haqida<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Tarixlar, ya\u02bcni eralar haqida<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Vaqtni aniqlash haqida.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Sayyoralarning harakatini aniqlash haqida.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Vaqtni aniqlash haqida.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Geometriyaga oid tushuncha, qoidalar haqida.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Sayyoralar- ning harakati haqida.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Vaqtni aniqlash haqida.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Sayyoralarning harakatini aniqlash haqida.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Sayyoralarning harakatini aniqlash haqida.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Astronomiyaning boshqa masalalari haqida<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Astronomiyaning boshqa masalalari haqida.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Astronomiyaning boshqa masalalari haqida.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Mashhur yoylarni aniqlash haqida.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Vaqtni aniqlash hamda qisman<\/span><\/p>\n

astrologiya masalasi haqida.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Astronomiya va astrologiyaga oid masalalar haqida.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ko\u02bbrinib turibdiki, \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201d boshqalaridan mavzulari bo\u02bbyicha ham keskin farq qiladi. Garchi \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201ddan boshqalarining maqolalari mavzulari bir-biriga yaqin esa-da, ichidagi ma\u02bclumotlar, albatta, bir xil emas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba\u02bczilar \u201cZij\u201dlar nuqul bir-birini takrorlab keladi, deb da\u02bcvo qiladi. Bu fikr to\u02bbg\u02bbri emas. Quyidagi jadvallardan buni bilib olish mumkin. Ularda misol tariqasida 11 ta shaharning uzunlama va kenglamasini keltiramiz:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Shahar nomi<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u201cQonuni Mas\u02bcudiy\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u201cZiji Elxoniy\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u201cZiji jadidi Go\u02bbragoniy\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Hozirgi zamon hisobida<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u03bb<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u03c6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u03bb<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u03c6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u03bb<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u03c6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u03bb<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u03c6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u03bb<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u03c6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Misr<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n <\/td>\n\n

63\u00b020\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

30\u00b020\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

63\u00b020\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

30\u00b020\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

67\u00b023\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

30\u00b024\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

63\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

30\u00b020\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Madina<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

77\u00b030\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

24\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

75\u00b020\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

25\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

75\u00b020\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

25\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

75\u00b036\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

24\u00b028\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

75\u00b020\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

24\u00b050\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Adan<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

76\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

11\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

76\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

11\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

76\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

11\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

81\u00b001\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

12\u00b046\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

76\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

11\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Makka<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

77\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

21\u00b020\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

77\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

21\u00b040\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

77\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

21\u00b040\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

75\u00b049\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

21\u00b025\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

77\u00b010\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

21\u00b040\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Madoin<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

80\u00b030\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

20\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

82\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

33\u00b010\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

72\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

33\u00b010\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

82\u00b013\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

31\u00b036\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

80\u00b020\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

33\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Bag\u02bbdod<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

80\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

33\u00b025\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

82\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

33\u00b025\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

80\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

33\u00b025\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

80\u00b038\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

33\u00b006\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

80\u00b015\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

33\u00b020\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Vosit<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

81\u00b032\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

32\u00b020\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

81\u00b030\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

42\u00b050\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

81\u00b030\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

32\u00b020\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

81\u00b068\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

32\u00b041\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

81\u00b030\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

34\u00b020\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Basra<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

84\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

31\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

84\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

30\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

84\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

30\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

83\u00b080\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

30\u00b029\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

84\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

30\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Hazorasf<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00b0\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00b0\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

95\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

41\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

95\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

41\u00b000\u02bc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201cQonuni Mas\u02bcudiy\u201d, \u201cZiji Elxoniy\u201d va \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201dda bu 11 ta shahar uzunlama va kenglamasi ichida faqat bitta shahar \u2013 Adanniki bir xil, xolos.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cQonuni Mas\u02bcudiy\u201d va \u201cZiji jadidi Go\u02bbragoniy\u201dda ikkitagina shaharniki bir xil.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cZiji Elxoniy\u201d va \u201cZiji jadidi Go\u02bbragoniy\u201dda sakkiztasiniki bir xil. Bu ikkalasining hisob-kitobini bir-birinikiga yaqin va boshqa \u201cZij\u201dlarga nisbatan aniqroq, deyish mumkin. Chunki, bulardagi o\u02bblchash uskunalari va sharoitlari deyarli bir xil.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cZiji Elxoniy\u201d va \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201dda uchtasiniki bir xil.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cZiji jadidi Go\u02bbragoniy\u201d va \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201dda esa uchtasiniki bir xil.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu jadvallardan yuqorida aytilgan noo\u02bbrin da\u02bcvolar mutlaqo haqiqatga to\u02bbg\u02bbri kelmasligi ochiq-oydin ko\u02bbrinib turibdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bundan tashqari, \u201cZiji Go\u02bbragoniy\u201dda 699 ta shahar va aholi punktining kenglik va uzunliklari aniqlangan bo\u02bblsa, \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201dda 513 tasiniki berilgan. Beruniy 605 ta shahar koordinatasini aniqlab keltirgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xulosa shuki, ba\u02bczilar da\u02bcvo qilganidek, \u201cZiji Go\u02bbragoniy\u201d \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201dning yoki boshqa \u201czij\u201dlarning ko\u02bbchirmasi emas, balki Ulug\u02bbbek \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201ddan ilhomlanib, uni takomillashtirib va mukammal kuzatish asboblari va uslublari bilan o\u02bbz davrigacha bo\u02bblgan barcha \u201czij\u201dlar ma\u02bclumotlarini eng aniq darajada o\u02bblchab, tartibga solib, bir asar yaratgan. Undagi aniqliklar hozirgi zamon hisob-kitoblari bilan bellasha oladigan darajada bo\u02bbldi. O\u02bbz navbatida \u201cZiji Xoqoniy\u201d ham Temuriylar davridagi ilk astronomik asar bo\u02bblishi bilan birga ham nazariy, ham amaliy jihatdan mukammal va mustaqil asardir. Chunonchi muallifning o\u02bbzi \u201cMiftoh al-hussab\u201d asarida bu kitobi haqida: \u201cMen \u201cZiji Xoqoniy fi takmili ziji Elxoniy\u201d nomlik \u201czij\u201d tuzdim va unda boshqa \u201czij\u201dlarda topilmaydigan handasa (geometriya) dalillari bilan munajjimlar amallarining hammasini istinbot (isbotlab, barqaror) qildim\u201d, deb yozadi[7:\u00a0262-267]. Shuning uchun Koshiy \u201cZij\u201di mustaqil \u201cZij\u201d hisoblanadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Islom olimlari yozgan har bir \u201czij\u201d alohida bir mustaqil asardir. Agar shunday bo\u02bblmaganida, bu avvalambor buyuk sivilizatsiya vakillarining sha\u02bcniga to\u02bbg\u02bbri kelmas edi, yoki biror munaqqid qattiq tanqid ostiga olgan bo\u02bblar edi. Vaholanki bunaqa holat bo\u02bblmagan. To\u02bbg\u02bbri, ba\u02bczi o\u02bbrinlarda ba\u02bczi ma\u02bclumotlar keyingi asarlarda avvalgilaridan olingan joylari bor. Voqelikda haqiqati bir xil narsalarda o\u02bbz-o\u02bbzidan shunday bo\u02bblishi turgan gap.<\/span><\/p>\n

FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR:<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    T.N.Kar\u044b-Niyazov. Astronomicheskaya shkola Ulugbeka. \u2013M.: 1950.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    Baxadirov R.M. Iz istorii klassifikatsii nauk na srednevekovom musulmanskom Vostoke. \u2013 T.: Akademiya, 2000.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    Jamshid Koshiy. \u201cZiji Xoqoniy dar takmili Ziji Elxoniy\u201d. \u2013London, Indiya offis, \u2116 2232.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    Mamedbeyli G.D. Osnovatel Maraginskoy observatorii Nasireddin Tusi. Izdatelstvo Akademii Nauk Azerbaydjanskoy SSR. \u2013Baku., 1961.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  5. \n
    Jamshid Koshiy. \u2013Istanbul. Ayo So\u02bbfiya, \u21162692,<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  6. \n
    David A.King and Julio Samso, with a contribution by Bernard R. Goldstein. Astronomical Handbooks and Tables from the Islamic World (750-1900): an Interim Report. Internation Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural Sciences in Islamic Civilisation\/ 2001. Vol. 2, p.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  7. \n
    Hoji Xalifa. \u201cKashfuz-zunun\u201d. 2 jild. \u2013Istanbul.: Maorif, 1941.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    Botirjon ABDULLAYEV,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    O\u02bbzR FI SHI kichik ilmiy xodimi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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