{"id":18381,"date":"2021-10-26T10:14:03","date_gmt":"2021-10-26T05:14:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=18381"},"modified":"2021-10-26T15:46:10","modified_gmt":"2021-10-26T10:46:10","slug":"fan-taraqqiyotida-movarounnahrlik-ulamolarning-o%ca%bbrni-7-qism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=18381&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"FAN TARAQQIYOTIDA MOVAROUNNAHRLIK ULAMOLARNING O\u02bbRNI (7-qism)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Abdurahmon Jomiy (1414-1492). Nuriddin Abdurahmon ibn Ahmad \u2013 fors-tojik shoiri, naqshbandiylik tariqatining yirik vakili. Jomiyning ota-bobolari asli Dashtdan bo\u02bblib, Jomda, keyinchalik Hirotda hayot kechirgan. Jomiy madrasa yoshidan ancha erta Hirotdagi \u201cDilkash\u201d (Navoiy ma\u02bclumotiga ko\u02bbra, \u201cNizomiya\u201d) madrasasiga kirib, o\u02bbz davrining taniqli til, adabiyot olimlari va mudarrislari qo\u02bblidaa tahsil olgan. Keyinroq bilimini oshirish uchun Samarqandga keladi va Ulug\u02bbbek madrasasida Qozizoda Rumiy, Ali Qushchi, Fazlulloh Abu Lays kabi olimlardan ta\u02bclim oladi. Bu yillarda u til va adabiyotnigina emas, riyoziyot, falakiyot, falsafa, huquqshunoslik fanlari, din asoslari, hadis va tafsir ilmlarini ham chuqur o\u02bbrganadi, olimlarning turli mavzulardagi munozara va mubohasalarida qatnashib, yetuk olimligi bilan taniladi. Hirotga qaytgach, tasavvuf yo\u02bbliga kirishni, o\u02bbz bilim va faoliyatini shu yo\u02bblga, qolaversa, ijodga, ilm-fanga bag\u02bbishlashni afzal ko\u02bbradi. O\u02bbziga pir qilib Shayx Sa\u02bcdiddin Qoshg\u02bbariyni tanlaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hirot taxtiga temuriy sulton Sulton Husayn Boyqaro o\u02bbtirgandan so\u02bbng Jomiyning mavqe juda ortadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jomiy Alisher Navoiy bilan birinchi marta Abu Said xukmronligi davrida Xiyobon mavzesida ko\u02bbrishgan. Shunda unga o\u02bbzining bir risolasini taqdim qilgan. 1476-1477 yillarda Navoiy Jomiyni o\u02bbziga pir, deb taniydi. Garchi, Jomiyning Navoiydan yoshi ancha ulug\u02bb, rasman pir hisoblansa ham, mohiyatan ular chin do\u02bbst va hamkor bo\u02bblgan. Jomiy o\u02bbzining (\u201cNafahot al-uns\u201d, \u201cBahoriston\u201d kabi) bir qancha asarlarida Navoiyni, Navoiy o\u02bbz asarlarida (\u201cXamsat ul-mutahayyirin\u201d, \u201cMajolis un-nafois\u201d singari) Jomiyni katta hurmat bilan tilga oladi. Jomiy \u201cNafahot ul-uns\u201d (\u201cAzizlar nafasi\u201d), \u201cRisolai musiqiy\u201d (\u201cMusiqa risolasi\u201d), \u201cRisolai muammo\u201d (\u201cMuammo risolasi\u201d) kabi o\u02bbndan ortiq asarini Navoiy maslahati bilan yozgan. Vafotidan avval lirik she\u02bcrlarini 3 devonga bo\u02bblib, ularga \u201cFotihat ush-shabob\u201d (\u201cYoshlikning boshlanishi\u201d), \u201cVositat ul-ikd\u201d (\u201cO\u02bbrtadagi dur\u201d) va \u201cXotimat al-hayot\u201d (\u201cHayot xotimasi\u201d) deb nom berar ekan, bunda Navoiy maslahatini e\u02bctiborga olgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

O\u02bbzbekiston va Tojikistonning bir qancha jamoa xo\u02bbjaliklari, ko\u02bbchalari, maktablari Jomiy nomi bilan ataladi. Samarqand shahrida Navoiy bilan Jomiy haykali o\u02bbrnatilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alisher Navoiy (1441-1501). Buyuk shoir va mutafakkir, davlat arbobi. To\u02bbliq ismi Nizomiddin Mir Alisher. Navoiy taxallusi ostida chig\u02bbatoy (yoki o\u02bbzbek tili) va forsiyda ijod qilgan. G\u02bbarbda chig\u02bbatoy adabiyoti hisoblanmish o\u02bbzbek adabiyotining eng yirik namoyandasi. Umuman olganda, butun turkiy xalqlar orasida u kabi yirik shaxs yo\u02bbqdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Navoiy yoshligidan Xurosonning bo\u02bblajak hukmdori Husayn Boyqaro bilan do\u02bbstlashgan. 10-12 yoshidan she\u02bcr yozishni boshlagan. Navoiyning zamondoshi bo\u02bblmish tarixchi Xondamir ma\u02bclumotlariga ko\u02bbra, Lutfiy qarigan chog\u02bblarida bolakay Navoiy bilan ko\u02bbrishadi va uning she\u02bcriy iqtidorini yuqori baholaydi. Xususan, uning<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cOrazin yopqoch ko\u02bbzumdin sochilur har lahza yosh<\/span><\/p>\n

Bo\u02bbylakim, paydo bo\u02bblur yulduz nihon bo\u02bblg\u02bboch quyosh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Satrlarini baholar ekan, imkoni bo\u02bblsa, o\u02bbzining butun umri davomida yozgan asarlarini mana shu misralarga almashishini aytadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

1464-1465 yillar Navoiy ijodining shinavandalari uning ilk she\u02bcriy to\u02bbplamini (devonlari) tayyorlashadi. Bundan ko\u02bbrinib turibdiki, o\u02bbsha paytiyoq Navoiy mashhur shoir bo\u02bblib ulgurgan. Husayn Boyqaro Hirotni egallaganidan keyin mamlakatning siyosiy hayotida ham faol ishtirok etadi. 1480 yil Hirot shahrida va boshqa viloyatlarda o\u02bbz hisobidan bir nechta madrasa, 40 rabot (yo\u02bblovchilar uchun bekat), 17 masjid, 10 xonaqoh, 9 hammom, 9 ko\u02bbprik va boshqalarni qurdiradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Navoiy temuriylarning so\u02bbnggi hukmronlik yillarida yashab ijod qilgan. Shuning uchun uning asarlarida jamoat ruhi, davrga xos muhim muammolar ustundir. 1490-1501 yillar Navoiy eng nafis, ijtimoiy-falsafiy va ilmiy asarlarini yaratgan. Ijodi juda ulkan \u2013 olti dostonining hajmi 60 000 yaqin misrani tashkil etadi. 1483-1485 yillar \u201cXamsa\u201dni yaratgan \u2013 \u201cHayrat ul-Abror\u201d (\u201cYaxshi kishilarning hayratlanishi\u201d), \u201cFarhod va Shirin\u201d, \u201cLayli va Majnun\u201d, \u201cSab\u02bcai sayyor\u201d (\u201cYetti sayyora\u201d), \u201cSaddi Iskandariy\u201d (\u201cIskandar devori\u201d). Navoiy o\u02bbz asarlari bilan turkiy tilning boyligi va go\u02bbzalligini isbotlab, o\u02bbsha paytlari udum bo\u02bblgan faqat forsiyda yozish adibni cheklab qo\u02bbyishini ko\u02bbrsatib bergani bilan ham o\u02bbzbek adabiyoti rivojida juda katta muhim tutadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kamoliddin Behzod (1455 -1535). 1468 yildan 1506 yilgacha Hirotda ishlagan va yirik rassomlik maktabi ustalaridan biri bo\u02bblgan miniatyurachi. G\u02bbarbda \u201cSharq Rafaeli\u201d deb tan olingan. O\u02bbzining takrorlanmas ijodi, go\u02bbzal san\u02bcati va ajoyib mahorati bilan nafaqat Sharq xalqlari, balki butun dunyo xalqlari madaniyati tarixida sezilarli iz qoldirgan, uning taraqqiyoti uchun barakali hissa qo\u02bbshgan zabardast musavvir. Tarixiy manbalarda yozilishicha, uning nomi Behzod bo\u02bblib, Hirot ahli uni suyub, erkalab Kamoliddin, deb chaqirgan. Alisher Navoiy uni o\u02bbz maktublaridan birida \u201custod Behzod\u201d deb ataydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Behzod asosan taniqli Hirot xattoti va rassomi Mirak Naqqosh Xurosoniy qo\u02bblida tarbiya topadi. Shuningdek, yoshligida mashhur san\u02bcatkor Sulton Ali Mashhadiy bilan juda yaqin munosabatda bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Behzod musavvir sifatida tanilgach, 1487 yil Sulton Husayn farmoni bilan saltanat kutubxonasiga rahbar etib tayinlangan. Tez orada bu joy o\u02bbz davrining badiiy akademiyasiga aylanadi. Uni mutaxassislar \u201cNigor xonayi Behzod\u201d yoki \u201cBehzod akademiyasi\u201d deb atagan. Behzoddan rang-barang janrlarda ko\u02bbplab asarlar qolgan. U Sharq tasviriy san\u02bcatini janr, mavzu, g\u02bboyaviy yo\u02bbnalishi, tuzilishi, ranglar tanosibi, shakl va voqealar mutanosibligi jihatdan yangi taraqqiyot cho\u02bbqqisiga ko\u02bbtardi, daho allomalarning shoh asarlarini, tarix kitoblarini bezadi, zamonasidagi buyuk shaxslarning aksini \u2013 portretini yaratib, tasviriy san\u02bcatimiz tarixiga portret janrini olib kirdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Davomi bor\u2026<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
Professor Baxtiyor TO\u02bbRAYEV \u2013 falsafa fanlari doktori,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
Anvar BOBOYEV<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Abdurahmon Jomiy (1414-1492). Nuriddin Abdurahmon ibn Ahmad \u2013 fors-tojik shoiri, naqshbandiylik tariqatining yirik vakili. Jomiyning ota-bobolari asli Dashtdan bo\u02bblib, Jomda, keyinchalik Hirotda hayot kechirgan. Jomiy madrasa yoshidan ancha erta Hirotdagi \u201cDilkash\u201d (Navoiy ma\u02bclumotiga ko\u02bbra, \u201cNizomiya\u201d) madrasasiga kirib, o\u02bbz davrining taniqli til, adabiyot olimlari va mudarrislari qo\u02bblidaa tahsil olgan. Keyinroq bilimini oshirish uchun Samarqandga keladi va …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":903,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[650],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nAbdurahmon Jomiy, Alisher Navoiy, Kamoliddin Behzod<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=18381&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Abdurahmon Jomiy, Alisher Navoiy, Kamoliddin Behzod\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Abdurahmon Jomiy (1414-1492). Nuriddin Abdurahmon ibn Ahmad \u2013 fors-tojik shoiri, naqshbandiylik tariqatining yirik vakili. 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