{"id":17943,"date":"2021-09-28T16:44:18","date_gmt":"2021-09-28T11:44:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=17943"},"modified":"2021-09-28T16:44:18","modified_gmt":"2021-09-28T11:44:18","slug":"mutafakkirlar-husnixulq-haqida","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=17943&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"MUTAFAKKIRLAR HUSNIXULQ HAQIDA"},"content":{"rendered":"

Muqaddas sanalgan milliy va diniy qadriyatlarimiz asosini inson qalbini poklash va isloh etishga, komil insonni tarbiyalashga qaratilgan ezgu g\u02bboyalar tashkil etadi. Ayni bu jihat alloma va mutafakkirlarimiz ilmiy merosi uchun ham xosdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Buyuk mutafakkir Abu Rayhon Beruniy (973-1048) o\u02bbzining \u201cQadimgi xalqlardan qolgan yodgorliklar\u201d asarida insonga xos odatlarni\u00a0 yaxshi va yomonga ajratar ekan, ezgu xislatlarga taqvodorlik, to\u02bbg\u02bbrilik, o\u02bbzini saqlash, dindorlik, odillik, insof, kamtarlik, latofat, sobitqadamlik, ehtiyotkorlik, saxiylik, muloyimlik kabi yaxshi sifatlarni kiritadi. Yomon odatlar sifatida bir-birini payiga tushish, raqobatlashish, o\u02bbz nafsiga ergashish, mansab uchun kurashish kabilarni qayd etadi. \u201cFaxrlanish, \u2013 deydi Beruniy \u2013 haqiqatda yaxshi xulqlar va oliy fe\u02bcllarda oldin ketish, ilmu hikmatni egallash va imkoniyat boricha mavjud nopokliklardan tozalanishdir. Kimda shunday sifatlar topilsa, hukm uning foydasiga va kimda bular yetishmasa, hukm uning zarariga bo\u02bbladi\u201d[1]<\/a>, deb uqtiradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mutafakkir asarlarida ilgari surilgan bu kabi qimmatli hikmatlar, pandu nasihatlar ko\u02bbplab ijodkorlarni ruhlantirgan. Jumladan, buyuk shoir va mutafakkir Alisher Navoiy (1441-1501) ijodining mazmun-mohiyatini ham insonga xos go\u02bbzal fazilat va xislatlar, komil inson tarbiyasiga doir hayotbaxsh g\u02bboyalar tashkil etadi. Mutafakkirning \u201cMahbub ul-qulub\u201d asarida adolat, saxovat, tavba, zuhd, tavakkul, qanoat, sabr, tavoze, odob, zikr, tavajjuh, rizo, ishq kabi murakkab ezgu amallar sodda shakllarda sharhlanadi. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Navoiy tavba zikrida: \u201cHaqiqiy tavba yomon fe\u02bcllar tufayli keladigan baloning oldini olmoqdir va Tangri bergan tavfiq tufayli u fe\u02bcllardan qutulmoqdir. Insonni to\u02bbg\u02bbri yo\u02bbldan ozdiruvchi nafs fasodidan va ko\u02bbngil itoatsizligidan nafratlanmoqdir\u201d,[2]<\/a>\u00a0deb yozadi. Mutafakkir nazdida kishi Xudoning inoyati bilan o\u02bbzini anglash asosida hayoti davomida qilingan nojoiz amallari uchun tavba qilib, ularni takrorlamaslikka jazm qiladi va shu tarzda mukammallik sari yuzlanadi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Shuningdek, tavoze va odob haqida Navoiy \u2013 \u201ctavoze kishini xalqning muhabbatiga sazovor qiladi. Mutakabbir dushmanga muloyimlik tomon yo\u02bbl ko\u02bbrsatadi, gerdaygan dushman ko\u02bbnglida insoniylik zavqini qo\u02bbzg\u02bbatadi. Qayta-qayta ko\u02bbrsatilgan tavoze hayosiz manmanni uyat chegarasiga boshlaydi va insofsiz dushmanni yomonlikdan qaytaradi\u201d, \u2013 deb yozar ekan, tavoze kibrli va manmanlarni o\u02bbz holidan uyaltirib, ularni qayta tarbiyalashga, muloyim va kamtar bo\u02bblishga yo\u02bbnaltirishini nazarda tutadi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Har ikkala mutafakkir ham o\u02bbz asarlarida islomda og\u02bbir gunoh sanalgan yolg\u02bbonchilikni fosh etib, undan yetadigan balolardan insoniyatni ogoh etish maqsadida\u00a0 ushbu illatning kelib chiqish sabablari va salbiy oqibatlariga to\u02bbxtaladilar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jumladan, Beruniy: \u201cxabar xabar beruvchilar sababli rostlik va yolg\u02bbonlik tusini oladi. Chunki odamlarning maqsadlari xilma-xil, xalqlar o\u02bbrtasida tortishish va talashishlar ko\u02bbp.\u00a0(Masalan)<\/em>\u00a0bir kishi o\u02bbz jinsini ulug\u02bblab yolg\u02bbon xabar tarqatadi, bundan maqsadi o\u02bbzini ko\u02bbrsatish bo\u02bbladi, chunki uning o\u02bbzi o\u02bbsha jinsdan kelib chiqqan bo\u02bbladi yoki o\u02bbzini ko\u02bbrsatish maqsadida boshqa zid bir jinsni ayblab, yolg\u02bbon gap yoyadi, chunki u shu bilan\u00a0(zid jins ustidan)<\/em>\u00a0g\u02bbalaba qozongan va o\u02bbz istagiga erishgan bo\u02bbladi. Bu ikki xil xabarning yomon istak va g\u02bbazab taqozosidan kelib chiqishligi ma\u02bclum.\u00a0(Ikkinchi bir kishi esa)<\/em>\u00a0o\u02bbzi sevadigan bir tabaqaga minnatdorchilik bildirmoqchi bo\u02bblib yoki yomon ko\u02bbradigan bir toifani xafa qilmoqchi bo\u02bblib, ular o\u02bbrtasida yolg\u02bbon xabar tarqatadi. Bu xil (xabar tarqatuvchi) avvalgi xabar beruvchi muxbirga yaqin bo\u02bbladi[3]<\/a>. Chunki u bu xabarni do\u02bbstlik yoki dushmanlik natijasida tarqatgan bo\u02bbladi.\u00a0(Shuningdek)<\/em>\u00a0uchinchi bir kishi o\u02bbzining past tabiatliligi sababli biron yaxshilikka erishish yoki o\u02bbzining yuraksiz va qo\u02bbrqoqligi sababli yomonlikdan qutulib qolish uchun yolg\u02bbon xabar tarqatadi. Shunday kishilar ham bo\u02bbladiki, ularning tabiatiga yolg\u02bbon xabar tarqatish o\u02bbrnashib qolib, go\u02bbyo unga shu vazifa yuklangandek bo\u02bbladi va yolg\u02bbon xabar tarqatmasdan tinchiyolmaydi. Bu, yomon xohishlardan va tabiatiga buzuq fikrlarning joylashganidan kelib chiqadi\u201d, deya keltiradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Beruniyning ta\u02bckidlashicha, \u201c\u2026Yolg\u02bbonchilik kishini adolatdan yuz o\u02bbgirtiradi, zulm, yolg\u02bbon guvohlik, omonatga xiyonat qilish, boshqalar mulkini hiyla bilan egallash, o\u02bbg\u02bbrilik, dunyo va xalqning buzilishiga sabab bo\u02bbladigan boshqa yomon xulqlarni kishiga yaxshi qilib ko\u02bbrsatadi\u201d[4]<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Navoiy Beruniyning mazkur fikrlarini davom ettirib: \u201cKimki yolg\u02bbon so\u02bbzlasa, yolg\u02bboni fosh bo\u02bblgach, uyalib qoladi. Yolg\u02bbonni chindek qilib gapiruvchi so\u02bbzamol xuddi kumushga oltin qoplovchi zargar kabidir. Yolg\u02bbon so\u02bbzlovchi g\u02bbaflatdadir. So\u02bbzning bir-biridan farqi ko\u02bbpdir. Lekin yolg\u02bbondan yomonroq turi yo\u02bbqdir. Yolg\u02bbon gap bilan vaqtini o\u02bbtkazuvchi odam, hech afsuslanmaydi, balki kishilarni aldagani bilan faxrlanadi. Yolg\u02bbonchi go\u02bbl odamni topsa, uni yolg\u02bbon gapi chinligiga ishontirsa, u murodiga yetdim, deydi. Yolg\u02bbonchi \u2013 Haq oldida gunohkor, xalq oldida esa sharmandadir\u201d[5]<\/a>, deya insonlarni yolg\u02bbonchilik illatidan yetadigan xavfdan ogohlantiradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ulug\u02bb alloma va mutafakkirlarning insonni kamolotga yo\u02bbnaltiruvchi pandu nasihatlari mohiyatan islom ta\u02bclimoti bilan uyg\u02bbunlik kasb etishi bejiz emas, albatta. Chunki islom ta\u02bclimoti inson tabiatida xuruj qiladigan turli illat va vasvasalarni mahv etishga qodir bo\u02bblgan ilohiy kuchdir. Buni keltirishdan murod inson baxtli yashashi va hayot davom etishi uchun qalb islohi va salohiyati qanchalar zarurligini eslatishdan iboratdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Islom butun insoniyatga o\u02bbzidagi odob va fazilatlarni\u00a0 namoyon etar ekan, o\u02bbzaro muomalada rost so\u02bbzlash, bergan va\u02bcdasi ustidan chiqish, muruvvat izhor etish, imkon qadar muhtojlarga yordam berish, o\u02bbzidagi go\u02bbzal odob va axloqni namoyish etish kabi ezguliklarni targ\u02bbib qiladi, og\u02bbir gunoh sanalgan yolg\u02bbonchilikni keskin qoralaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rasululloh alayhissalom: \u201cXiyonat va yolg\u02bbondan boshqa har qanday kamchilik mo\u02bbmin tabiatida bo\u02bblishi mumkin\u201d dedilar. Payg\u02bbambarimizdan: \u201cMo\u02bbmin qo\u02bbrqoq bo\u02bblishi mumkinmi?\u201d deb so\u02bbrashdi. \u201cHa!\u201d dedilar. \u201cBaxil bo\u02bblishi mumkinmi?\u201d deya so\u02bbrashdi. \u201cHa!\u201d dedilar. \u201cYolg\u02bbonchi bo\u02bblishi mumkinmi?\u201d deb so\u02bbrashganida: \u201cYo\u02bbq! Aslo mumkin emas!\u201d deb javob berdilar. Rasulullohdan \u201cAgar ko\u02bbnglimiz xohlab turgan narsani xohlamayapman deb aytsak ham yolg\u02bbon hisoblanadimi?\u201d deb so\u02bbrashganida \u201char qanday yolg\u02bbonning kattasi ham, kichigi ham yolg\u02bbon\u201d deb javob qilganlari aytiladi[6]<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Navoiyning \u201cyolg\u02bbon ozgina bo\u02bblsa ham katta gunohdir, u agar miqdori ozgina bo\u02bblsa ham o\u02bbldiruvchi zahardir\u201d[7]<\/a>, degan qaydlari Rasulullohning yuqorida keltirilgan so\u02bbzlariga monanddir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xulosa qilganda, ulug\u02bb alloma va mutafakkirlarning milliy va diniy qadriyatlarga asoslangan ezgu g\u02bboyalari, axloq-odob va fe\u02bcl-atvorga doir qarashlarining rivojlantirilishi va takomillashtirilishi natijasida komil inson to\u02bbg\u02bbrisidagi ta\u02bclimotlar yaratilgan. Mazkur ta\u02bclimotlarda kishi o\u02bbzini anglash asosida yaxshi xulq va fazilatlarni o\u02bbzlashtirsa, fe\u02bcl-atvoridagi illatlardan poklansa, hayotda yaxshilik va to\u02bbg\u02bbrilikni o\u02bbziga shior qilib yashasa, uning zoti albatta komillik sifatlari bilan bezatilishi ta\u02bckidlanadi. Bu esa boy ma\u02bcnaviy merosni chuqur o\u02bbrganish, mazmun-mohiyatini teran anglash va hayotda ularga qat\u02bciy amal qilishni taqozo etadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em>[1]<\/a>\u00a0Abu Rayhon Beruniy. Tanlangan asarlar. T.II. T.: Fan, 1965. -538 b. 28-29 b.<\/span><\/div>\n
[2]<\/a>\u00a0Alisher Navoiy. Mahbub ul-qulub (Qalbga mahbub hikmatlar va hikoyatlar). Hozirgi o\u02bbzbek tiliga tabdil. T.: Sano-standart. 2018. -192 b. 64 b.<\/span><\/div>\n
[3]<\/a>\u00a0Abu Rayhon Beruniy. Tanlangan asarlar. T.II. T.: Fan, 1965. -538 b. 25 b.<\/span><\/div>\n
[4]<\/a>\u00a0O\u02bbsha asar, 26 b.<\/span><\/div>\n
[5]<\/a>\u00a0Alisher Navoiy. Mahbub ul-qulub (Qalbga mahbub hikmatlar va hikoyatlar). Hozirgi o\u02bbzbek tiliga tabdil. T.: Sano-standart. 2018. -192 b. 129-130 b.<\/span><\/div>\n
[6]<\/a>\u00a0Tursunov Anvar qori. Fazilatlar kitobi. Risola\/Mas\u02bcul muharrir A.Mansur. T.: Sharq\u201d, 2016. -224 B. 36 B<\/span><\/div>\n
[7]<\/a>\u00a0Alisher Navoiy. Mahbub ul-qulub (Qalbga mahbub hikmatlar va hikoyatlar). Hozirgi o\u02bbzbek tiliga tabdil. T.: Sano-standart. 2018. -192 b. 129-130 b.<\/span><\/div>\n
Baxtiyor Tursunov,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
O\u02bbzbekiston Respublikasi\u00a0Vazirlar Mahkamasi huzuridagi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a0Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi ilmiy xodimi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Muqaddas sanalgan milliy va diniy qadriyatlarimiz asosini inson qalbini poklash va isloh etishga, komil insonni tarbiyalashga qaratilgan ezgu g\u02bboyalar tashkil etadi. Ayni bu jihat alloma va mutafakkirlarimiz ilmiy merosi uchun ham xosdir. Buyuk mutafakkir Abu Rayhon Beruniy (973-1048) o\u02bbzining \u201cQadimgi xalqlardan qolgan yodgorliklar\u201d asarida insonga xos odatlarni\u00a0 yaxshi va yomonga ajratar ekan, ezgu xislatlarga taqvodorlik, …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17941,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nMUTAFAKKIRLAR HUSNIXULQ HAQIDA - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=17943&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MUTAFAKKIRLAR HUSNIXULQ HAQIDA - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Muqaddas sanalgan milliy va diniy qadriyatlarimiz asosini inson qalbini poklash va isloh etishga, komil insonni tarbiyalashga qaratilgan ezgu g\u02bboyalar tashkil etadi. Ayni bu jihat alloma va mutafakkirlarimiz ilmiy merosi uchun ham xosdir. Buyuk mutafakkir Abu Rayhon Beruniy (973-1048) o\u02bbzining \u201cQadimgi xalqlardan qolgan yodgorliklar\u201d asarida insonga xos odatlarni\u00a0 yaxshi va yomonga ajratar ekan, ezgu xislatlarga taqvodorlik, …\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=17943&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bukharicenter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-09-28T11:44:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/husn.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"421\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=17943&lang=oz\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=17943&lang=oz\",\"name\":\"MUTAFAKKIRLAR HUSNIXULQ HAQIDA - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=17943&lang=oz#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=17943&lang=oz#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/husn.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-09-28T11:44:18+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-09-28T11:44:18+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/#\/schema\/person\/a478cd03492de0ffa33336a39f0b5b1c\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=17943&lang=oz#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=17943&lang=oz\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=17943&lang=oz#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/husn.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/husn.jpg\",\"width\":660,\"height\":421},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=17943&lang=oz#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"MUTAFAKKIRLAR HUSNIXULQ HAQIDA\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/\",\"name\":\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\",\"description\":\"bukhari.uz\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/#\/schema\/person\/a478cd03492de0ffa33336a39f0b5b1c\",\"name\":\"Markaz\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?author=1\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"MUTAFAKKIRLAR HUSNIXULQ HAQIDA - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=17943&lang=oz","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"MUTAFAKKIRLAR HUSNIXULQ HAQIDA - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi","og_description":"Muqaddas sanalgan milliy va diniy qadriyatlarimiz asosini inson qalbini poklash va isloh etishga, komil insonni tarbiyalashga qaratilgan ezgu g\u02bboyalar tashkil etadi. Ayni bu jihat alloma va mutafakkirlarimiz ilmiy merosi uchun ham xosdir. 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