{"id":16827,"date":"2021-07-29T14:29:06","date_gmt":"2021-07-29T09:29:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=16827"},"modified":"2021-08-03T11:01:36","modified_gmt":"2021-08-03T06:01:36","slug":"hadis-talabidagi-safar-haqida-nimalarni-bilamiz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=16827&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"Hadis talabidagi safar haqida nimalarni bilamiz?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hadisshunoslik eng sharafli ilmlardan biridir. Zero, boshqa shar\u02bciy ilmlar hadis ilmida jamlanadi. Bu ilmlarning barchasi rivoyat ilmiga tayanadi, rivoyat esa hadisdir. Shubha yo\u02bbqki, ilm talabida safarda bo\u02bblish va olimlar bilan uchrashish aqlni charxlaydi, tushunchalarni tuzatadi. Qadim zamonlardan ilm talabida safarga chiqish ulamolarning alomatlaridan biri bo\u02bblib keladi. Buning yorqin misoli Alloh taolo \u201cKahf\u201d surasida hikoya qilib bergan Muso alayhissalomning ilm talabida Xizr oldiga borishidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ilm egallash uchun safarga chiqish Nabiy sollallohu alayhi vasallamning davrlarida ham bo\u02bblgan. Odamlar kelib islom ta\u02bclimotini o\u02bbrganish va Qur\u02bconi karimni tinglash uchun Nabiy sollallohu alayhi vasallamning huzurlarida bir necha kun qolib ketgan. Keyin borib qavm-qarindoshlariga o\u02bbrganganlarini yetkazgan. Shunisi e\u02bctiborga molikki, ular biror ma\u02bclumotni olmoqchi bo\u02bblsa, o\u02bbylab o\u02bbtirmasdan, tog\u02bbu toshga, kecha-yu kunduzga qaramasdan, Madinaga kelavergan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xususan, Uqba ibn Horis xotini bilan emikdosh bo\u02bblgani masalasini bilgan zahoti buning hukmini aniqlash uchun Nabiy sollallohu alayhi vasallamning huzurlariga kelgan. Shunda Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallam:\u00a0\u201cQanday qilib? Aytilibdi-ku, axir?!\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0deb ularga ajralishni buyurganlar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Islom fathlaridan keyin sahobalar ilm yoyib va rivoyat qilib, turli shaharlarga tarqalgan. Shunda hadis rivoyatlari ham tarqala boshlagan. Sahobalar bir hadis yoki masalani o\u02bbrganish uchun yo\u02bbldagi xatarlarga parvo qilmasdan uzoq masofalarni bosib o\u02bbtgan. Masalan, Abu Ayyub Ansoriy mo\u02bbminning aybini berkitish haqidagi hadisni so\u02bbrash uchun Madinadan Misrga, Uqba ibn Omirning oldiga borgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ilm talabida safarga chiqishdan erinmaslik fazilati sahobalardan tobeinlarga o\u02bbtgan. Xususan, Abul Oliya aytadi: \u201cBasrada Nabiy sollallohu alayhi vasallamning sahobalaridan rivoyat qilingan hadis eshitardik. Shunda Madinaga otlanib, rivoyatni o\u02bbsha roviyning o\u02bbz og\u02bbzidan eshitmagunimizcha ko\u02bbnglimiz joyiga tushmasdi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Said ibn Musayyib aytadi: \u201cBir hadis talabida hatto bir necha kecha-kunduz yuradigan bo\u02bblsam (sayr qilishga to\u02bbg\u02bbri kelsa) ham, albatta, safar qilaman\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ilm talab qilib safar qilishning bir qancha sabablari bor, ular:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 Sahobalar o\u02bbzi bilmagan yoki eshitmagan hadislarni biladigan sahobadan olish uchun safarga chiqishi;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 Tobeinlar sahobalarning turli shaharlarga tarqalib ketgani va nabaviy merosni olib yurganini bilib, ularning ilmidan bahra olish uchun safarga chiqishi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yuqoridagi ikkisidan quyidagi boshqa sabablar kelib chiqqan:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 Bid\u02bcatchilar ko\u02bbpayib, hadislarni o\u02bbz ra\u02bcyiga moslab o\u02bbzgartirishi va ularni Rasululloh sollallohu alayhi vasallamga nisbat berishi oqibatida hadis borasidagi vaziyatning keskinlashishi. Shunda ulamolar o\u02bbsha hadislarning haqiqati va manbasini bilish uchun ilm safariga chiqishda faol bo\u02bbldi;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 Imom Ahmad: \u201cOliy isnodni talab qilish o\u02bbtgan (alloma)lardan qolgan sunnat (yo\u02bbl)dir\u201d, deb aytganidek, oliy isnod talabida safarga chiqish.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dinda isnod juda ahamiyatlidir. Bu xususda Abdulloh ibn Muborak quyidagini aytgan: \u201cIsnod dinning bir bo\u02bblagidir. Agar isnod bo\u02bblmaganida edi, kim nimani xohlasa, o\u02bbshani gapiraverardi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Savriy: \u201cIsnod mo\u02bbminning qurolidir\u201d, degan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hadislarning tarqalishi va rivoyat qilish yo\u02bbllarining ko\u02bbpayishida safarning ahamiyati katta bo\u02bblgan. Bu jarayonda hadis roviylari o\u02bbta sinchkovlik bilan tekshirilgan. Har bir muhaddis safar davomida borgan shaharlaridagi ulamolar bilan tanishgan, suhbatlashgan va bilmaganlarini so\u02bbrab o\u02bbrgangan. Shuning uchun hijriy ikkinchi va uchinchi asrlarda ilm talabida safar qilish nihoyatda kuchaygan.<\/span><\/p>\n

O\u02bbsha davrda ilm talabida bo\u02bblganlar ma\u02bcrifat markazlari hisoblangan Madina, Makka, Kufa, Basra, Shom, Yamoma, Misr, Marv, Ray va Buxoroga ayniqsa ko\u02bbp safar qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Ahmaddan ilm talab qiluvchilar haqida \u201cBir odamning ilmi bo\u02bbla turib, u haqda yozishi yoki shu borada ilm mavjud bo\u02bblgan joyga safar qilishi lozimmi?\u201d deb so\u02bbralganda, u: \u201cSafarga chiqadi, kufalik, basralik, madinalik va makkaliklardan yozib oladi. Odamlarga ko\u02bbrsatadi, ulardan tinglaydi\u201d, degan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ibrohim ibn Adhamning: \u201cAlloh hadis sohiblarining safarlari bilan bu ummatdan baloni ketkazadi\u201d, degan gapi nechog\u02bblik to\u02bbg\u02bbri ekanini quyidagi dalillarda ko\u02bbrishimiz mumkin \u2013 musulmonlar orasida fitna avj olmaydi, bid\u02bcat paydo bo\u02bblmaydi. Shuningdek, \u201cSahihul Buxoriy\u201d xatm qilinsa, dushman daf bo\u02bbladi, deydilar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu masalaga boshqacha yondashganlar, ya\u02bcni \u201cHar ishning o\u02bbrtachasi afzal<\/strong>\u201d hadisiga amal qilganlar ham bor. Xatib Bag\u02bbdodiy hadis ilmida safardan maqsadni ikki ish bilan belgilaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Birinchisi: isnodning oliyligini hosil qilish va aniq roviylardan tinglashga ustuvor maqom berish.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ikkinchisi: (hadis) hofizlari bilan uchrashish, ular bilan muzokara qilish va ilmidan foydalanish.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ilm tolibi yashab turgan joyda mana shu ikki ish mavjud ekan, boshqa yerga safarning hojati qolmagan. Chunki bunday holat yetarli ilmga ega bo\u02bblishga imkon bergan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shunday sa\u02bcy-harakatlar hijriy uchinchi yuzyillik hadis ilmining oltin asriga aylanishiga sabab bo\u02bbldi. Aynan shu davrda bu ilm yana ham keng miqyosda rivoj topib, hadis to\u02bbplamlarining eng mashhurlari tasnif etildi. Imom Buxoriy, Imom Muslim, Imom Termiziy va boshqa muhaddislarning asarlari dunyo yuzini ko\u02bbrdi. Hadis ulamolari bu ilm atrofida birlashib, turli shubhalarga ilmiy uslub va o\u02bbz zamonasining tili bilan javob qaytara boshladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qodirxon MAHMUDOV,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi ilmiy xodimi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hadisshunoslik eng sharafli ilmlardan biridir. Zero, boshqa shar\u02bciy ilmlar hadis ilmida jamlanadi. Bu ilmlarning barchasi rivoyat ilmiga tayanadi, rivoyat esa hadisdir. Shubha yo\u02bbqki, ilm talabida safarda bo\u02bblish va olimlar bilan uchrashish aqlni charxlaydi, tushunchalarni tuzatadi. Qadim zamonlardan ilm talabida safarga chiqish ulamolarning alomatlaridan biri bo\u02bblib keladi. Buning yorqin misoli Alloh taolo \u201cKahf\u201d surasida hikoya qilib …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16825,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[639],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nHadis talabidagi safar haqida nimalarni bilamiz? - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=16827&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hadis talabidagi safar haqida nimalarni bilamiz? - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hadisshunoslik eng sharafli ilmlardan biridir. Zero, boshqa shar\u02bciy ilmlar hadis ilmida jamlanadi. Bu ilmlarning barchasi rivoyat ilmiga tayanadi, rivoyat esa hadisdir. Shubha yo\u02bbqki, ilm talabida safarda bo\u02bblish va olimlar bilan uchrashish aqlni charxlaydi, tushunchalarni tuzatadi. Qadim zamonlardan ilm talabida safarga chiqish ulamolarning alomatlaridan biri bo\u02bblib keladi. 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Zero, boshqa shar\u02bciy ilmlar hadis ilmida jamlanadi. Bu ilmlarning barchasi rivoyat ilmiga tayanadi, rivoyat esa hadisdir. Shubha yo\u02bbqki, ilm talabida safarda bo\u02bblish va olimlar bilan uchrashish aqlni charxlaydi, tushunchalarni tuzatadi. Qadim zamonlardan ilm talabida safarga chiqish ulamolarning alomatlaridan biri bo\u02bblib keladi. 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