{"id":15984,"date":"2021-06-16T11:31:51","date_gmt":"2021-06-16T06:31:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=15984"},"modified":"2021-06-16T11:32:46","modified_gmt":"2021-06-16T06:32:46","slug":"nosiriddin-samarqandiyning-hanafiylik-fiqhi-rivojidagi-o%ca%bbrni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=15984&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"NOSIRIDDIN SAMARQANDIYNING HANAFIYLIK FIQHI RIVOJIDAGI O\u02bbRNI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Movarounnahrning ilmiy markazlaridan biri bo\u02bblgan Samarqandda IX \u2013 XII asrlarda hadis, tafsir va aqoid kabi islomiy ilmlar bilan bir qatorda fiqh ilmi ham nihoyat darajada taraqqiy etgan. Bu davrda Abu Muqotil Samarqandiy, Nasr ibn Muhammad\u00a0ibn Ahmad ibn Ibrohim\u00a0Abullays Samarqandiy, Abu Nasr Iyoz Samarqandiy, Is\u02bchoq Samarqandiy, Abu Nasr Ahmad ibn Muhammad Samarqandiy kabi ko\u02bbplab faqih alllomalar yetishib chiqdi. Darhaqiqat, Muoviya roziyallohu anhudan kelgan rivoyatda Payg\u02bbambar sollallohu alayhi vasallam:\u00a0\u201cAlloh kimga yaxshilikni iroda qilsa, uni dinda faqih qilib qo\u02bbyadi\u201d, deganlar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nosiruddin Samarqandiy Abulqosim Muhammad ibn Yusuf Hasaniy Alaviy Madaniy (vaf. 556\/1161 y.) o\u02bbz davrida samarali ijod qilgan allomalar jumlasidandir. Kunyasi \u2013 Abulqosim, taxallusi \u2013 Nosiruddin. \u201cHasaniy\u201d so\u02bbzi esa, Hofizuddin Nasafiyning fikriga ko\u02bbra, olimning Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abu Tolib avlodidan ekanligini anglatadi. Demak, u asli arab, quraysh qabilasidan bo\u02bblgan. Shuningdek, Ali ibn Abu Tolib roziyallohu anhuga nisbat berilib, yana \u201cAlaviy\u201d ham deyilgan. Olim Madinai munavvarada ma\u02bclum bir muddat istiqomat qilganligi sababli ismiga Madaniy nisbasi ham qo\u02bbshilgan. Tug\u02bbilib o\u02bbsgan va yashagan joyiga nisbat berilib Samarqandiy ham deyiladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Manbalarda allomaning tarjimai holiga oid uning tavallud sanasi haqida ma\u02bclumot keltirilmagan. Uning vafoti xususida ham bir qadar ixtiloflar mavjud. Allomaning o\u02bbzi \u201cal-Multaqot\u201d asarining yakunida ushbu asarni 554 h.y. sha\u02bcbon oyining oxirida (1159m.y.),\u00a0\u201c<\/em>Jomi\u02bcu-l-fatovo\u201dni esa 549 h.y. jumodu-l-uvlo oyida (1154m.y.) tamomlaganini zikr etgan. Bundan uning 556 h.y. (1161m.y.)da vafot etganligi ayon bo\u02bbladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Qurashiy \u201cal-Ansob\u201d asarining muallifi Abu Sa\u02bcd Abdulkarim ibn Muhammad Sam\u02bconiydan naql qilib keltirishicha, \u201cNosiruddin Samarqandiy \u201czamonasining yetuk imomi, fozili, mufassiri, muhaddisi, faqihi va voiz olimi\u201d hisoblangan. Majduddin Feruzobodiy ham yuqoridagilarga hamohang fikr bildirgan. Shayx Muhammad ibn Sulaymon Kafaviy esa, Nosiruddin Samarqandiy haqidagi o\u02bbz mulohazalarini quyidagicha ifodalagan: \u201cU buyuk imom, qadr-qimmati baland, sha\u02bcni ulug\u02bb, martabasi yuksak, ilmda tengsiz, amali go\u02bbzal, shuhrati porloq, ilm va odob bobida o\u02bbz davrining yetakchisidir\u201d. Shayx Abdulhay Laknaviyning ham bunga hamfikr bo\u02bblgan: \u201cU zamonasining peshvosi, odobda davrining peshqadami, kuchli olimi va mujtahididir\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alloma Nosiruddin Samarqandiy tafsir, hadis, notiqlik ilmlari bilan bir qatorda fiqh ilmi sohasida ham mashhur bo\u02bblib, fiqh borasidagi ikki asari islom olamida juda katta ahamiyatga molik asarlardir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cAl-Fiqhun nofi\u02bc\u201d (\u201cFoydali fiqh\u201d), nomidan ko\u02bbrinib turganidek, fiqh ilmiga oid bu kitob to\u02bbg\u02bbrisida juda ko\u02bbp olimlar ijobiy fikr bildirganlar. Unga yozilgan ko\u02bbpdan-ko\u02bbp sharhlarning eng mashhuri buyuk mufassir yurtdoshimiz Abulbarakot Hofizuddin Abdulloh ibn Ahmad Nasafiy (vaf. 710\/1310 y.)ning \u201cMustasfo\u201dsi hisoblanadi. Alloma \u201cNofi\u02bc\u201d haqida shunday deydi: \u201cUshbu asar duru gavharlarining boyligidan tubsiz ummon, ulkan osmon, jannatning bepoyon bog\u02bblari, saodatlar xazinasi, ifodalarning ramzlariga o\u02bbxshaydi\u201d. \u201cNofi\u02bc\u201dga bitilgan muhim sharhlardan yana biri Ahmad ibn Umar Nasafiyning qalamiga mansub bo\u02bblib, muallif uni \u201cal<\/em>-Munofi\u02bc fi favoidin-nofi\u02bc\u201d (\u201cNofi\u02bc\u201dning foydalari\u201d) deb nomlagan. Shuningdek, Shayx Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Mahmud \u201cal-Hodiy lil bodiy\u201d nomli asarida \u201cal-Fiqhun nofi\u02bc\u201d kitobidagi istilohlar va murakkab iboralarni izohlab, sharh yozgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Allomaning bu asari islom olamida fiqhiy masalallar bo\u02bbyicha benazir bo\u02bblib, Abu Barakot Abdulloh ibn Ahmad Nasafiy tomonidan yozilgan sharhda bunday deydi: \u201c\u201cNofe\u02bc\u201d kitobi javhar va durlarini ko\u02bbpligidan nurli mavjlanib turgan dengizga o\u02bbxshaydi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu asar Saudiya Arabistonidagi \u201cMalik Saud\u201d universiteti professori Doktor Ibrohim ibn Muhammad Abbud tomonidan tadqiq etilib, izohlari bilan 2000 yili qaytadan nashr qilingan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mazkur asarning o\u02bbziga xos jihatlari ham mavjudki, ular kitobning ahli ilm orasida keng yoyilishiga, shuningdek, ko\u02bbplab kitobxon va tadqiqotchilarning e\u02bctiboriga sabab bo\u02bblgan. Asar, avvalambor, hajm jihatidan ixcham, shu bilan birga, har bir mavzu sodda va ravon tilda yozilgan. Muallif dalil sifatida oyati karima va hadisi shariflarni keltirgan. Bu, o\u02bbz navbatida, asarning ilmiy-amaliy qimmatini yanada oshirgan. \u201cFiqhun nofi\u02bc\u201dning yana bir diqqatga sazovor jihati shundaki, u fiqh ilmiga oid masalalarning barchasini qamrab olgan. Muallifning aksariyat hukmlarni bayon etishda eng nufuzli hisoblangan hanafiya va shofi\u02bciya qarashlarini taqqoslashga tayangani yuqoridagi fikrni yana bir bor dalillaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ushbu asarni yozishda muallif tomonidan alohida ahamiyat berilgan o\u02bbziga uslub mavjud bo\u02bblib, uni boshqa faqihlardan ajratib turadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Avvalo, iboralarining ravonligi, barcha boblar va fasllarning ravshan bayon etilgan, keltirilayotgan fiqhiy fatvolarni asoslash uchun Qur\u02bconi karim oyatlari va Nabiy sollallohu alayhi vasallam hadislaridan foydalanilgan. Ayni paytda, fiqhiy masalalarni ayrimlarida Imom Abu Hanifa va uning shogirdlari Imom Abu Yusuf, Imom Muhammad va Imom Zufar fatvolarini muvofiqlashtirilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ayrim masalalarda, yuqorida ko\u02bbrsatib o\u02bbtilganidek, Imom Abu Hanifa va Imom Shofe\u02bc fikrlarini uyg\u02bbunligini, ayrimlarida esa hanafiylar va molikiylar fikri uyg\u02bbun bo\u02bblgan jihatlarni yoritib bergan. Muallif aksar o\u02bbrinlarda Abu Hanifaning fikrlarini dalillar bilan quvvatlab keltirgan va uning fikrlarini to\u02bbg\u02bbriligini tahlil bilan isbotlab bergan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Allomaning \u201cMultaqot fiy fatavoya hanafiyya\u201d (\u201cHanafiy fatvolar haqida yig\u02bbma kitob\u201d) asari ham hanafiylik fiqhiga oid masalalarga bag\u02bbishlangan yana bir muhim manba hisoblanadi. U keyinchalik misrlik olimlar Mahmud Nassor va Sayyid Yusuf Ahmad tomonidan tadqiq qilinib, izohlar bilan qayta nashr qilingan. Bu esa ushbu asarning hanafiy olimlar nazdida katta ahamiyatga ega ekanligini bildiradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Allomaning ushbu asarini o\u02bbziga xos jihatlaridan biri, unda hanafiy mazhabiga oid fatvolar dalillovchi hadislar bilan keltirilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMultaqot\u201dda fiqhiy masalalardan bir qanchasiga Imom Abu Hanifa mazhabiga ko\u02bbra shar\u02bciy hukmlar bayon qilingan. Asar \u201cKitobut tahorat\u201d (Tahorat kitobi), \u201cKitobus solat\u201d (Namoz kitobi), \u201cKitobu zillatul qoriy\u201d (Qur\u02bcon o\u02bbqiguvchining xato qilishi kitobi), \u201cKitobuz zakot\u201d (Zakot kitobi), \u201cKitobus savm\u201d (Ro\u02bbza kitobi), \u201cKitobul imon\u201d (Imon kitobi), \u201cKitobul buyuu\u02bc\u201d (Savdo kitobi), \u201cKitobul odob\u201d (Odob kitobi), \u201cKitobu odobil qoziy\u201d (Qoziga xos odoblar kitobi), \u201cKitobush shirk\u201d (Shirk amallar haqidagi kitob), \u201cKitobul meros\u201d (Meros kitobi) kabi qirqga yaqin kitobni o\u02bbzida mujassam qilgan. Har bir kitob o\u02bbzi ifoda qilgan masalaga ko\u02bbra bir necha boblarga va har bir bob bir necha matlablar bilan qismlarga ajratilgan. Har bir kitob shar\u02bciy hukmlarga oid masalaning far\u02bciy yechimi bayon qilingan qismlarni o\u02bbz ochiga olgan.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ushbu asarda hanafiy mazhabiga oid fatvolarni dalillovchi hadislardan keltirilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Darhaqiqat, ajdodlarning hayot yo\u02bbli, qoldirgan boy ilmiy merosi, qo\u02bblyozma asarlari bizning kelajak avlod yoshlarimiz uchun katta hayot maktabi vazifasini o\u02bbtaydi. Shuni e\u02bctirof etish mumkinki, ajdodlar merosi bilan bizning hayotimiz o\u02bbrtasida chambarchas bog\u02bbliqlik borligini ko\u02bbramiz. Bugungi kunga kelib, ushbu merosni o\u02bbrganish va keng jamoatchilikka yetkazish maqsadida yurtimiz ulamolari tomonidan keng miqyosda tadqiqot ishlar olib borilmoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n
    Nasafiy Abulbarakot Hofizuddin. Al-Mustasfo. \u2013 Istanbul: Sulaymoniya (\u201cIbrohim Poshsho\u201d) kutubxonasidagi \u2116 655 ashyoviy raqam bilan saqlanayotgan qo\u02bblyozma nusxa.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    Qurashiy Abdulqodir. Al-Javohirul muziya fi tabaqotil hanafiya. 2-juz. \u2013B147.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    Firuzobodiy Majiduddin. Al-Mirqotul vofiya. Qo\u02bblyozma.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    Kafaviy Muhammad ibn Sulaymon. A\u02bclomul axyor. Qo\u02bblyozma.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  5. \n
    Laknaviy Muhammad Abdulhay. Al-Favoidul bahiya fi tarojimil hanafiya. \u201cAl-Matba\u02bcul Mustafoiy\u201d. 1976.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  6. \n
    Abu Barakot Abdulloh ibn Ahmad Nasafiy. Al-Mustasfo.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  7. \n
    Samarqandiy Nosiruddin Abulqosim. Al-Fiqhun nofi\u02bc. \/Doktor Ibrohim ibn Muhammad ibn Ibrohim Abbud tahqiqi. \u2013 Riyoz, \u201cMaktabatul ibikon\u201d, 2000.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  8. \n
    Samarqandiy Nosiruddin Abulqosim. \u201cAl-Multaqot fiy fatavoya hanafiyya\u201d\/Mahmud Nassor, Sayyid Yusuf Ahmad tahqiqi \u201cDorul kutubul ilmiya\u201d. Bayrut 2000.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    Nodir QOBILOV<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
    Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi ilmiy xodimi,<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
    SamDCHTI magistiranti<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Movarounnahrning ilmiy markazlaridan biri bo\u02bblgan Samarqandda IX \u2013 XII asrlarda hadis, tafsir va aqoid kabi islomiy ilmlar bilan bir qatorda fiqh ilmi ham nihoyat darajada taraqqiy etgan. Bu davrda Abu Muqotil Samarqandiy, Nasr ibn Muhammad\u00a0ibn Ahmad ibn Ibrohim\u00a0Abullays Samarqandiy, Abu Nasr Iyoz Samarqandiy, Is\u02bchoq Samarqandiy, Abu Nasr Ahmad ibn Muhammad Samarqandiy kabi ko\u02bbplab faqih alllomalar …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15982,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[650],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nNOSIRIDDIN SAMARQANDIYNING HANAFIYLIK FIQHI RIVOJIDAGI O\u02bbRNI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=15984&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"NOSIRIDDIN SAMARQANDIYNING HANAFIYLIK FIQHI RIVOJIDAGI O\u02bbRNI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Movarounnahrning ilmiy markazlaridan biri bo\u02bblgan Samarqandda IX \u2013 XII asrlarda hadis, tafsir va aqoid kabi islomiy ilmlar bilan bir qatorda fiqh ilmi ham nihoyat darajada taraqqiy etgan. Bu davrda Abu Muqotil Samarqandiy, Nasr ibn Muhammad\u00a0ibn Ahmad ibn Ibrohim\u00a0Abullays Samarqandiy, Abu Nasr Iyoz Samarqandiy, Is\u02bchoq Samarqandiy, Abu Nasr Ahmad ibn Muhammad Samarqandiy kabi ko\u02bbplab faqih alllomalar …\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=15984&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/bukharicenter\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-06-16T06:31:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-06-16T06:32:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/bukhari_buxoriy2021_49.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"330\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@www_bukhari_uz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Markaz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=15984&lang=oz\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=15984&lang=oz\",\"name\":\"NOSIRIDDIN SAMARQANDIYNING HANAFIYLIK FIQHI RIVOJIDAGI O\u02bbRNI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=15984&lang=oz#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=15984&lang=oz#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/bukhari_buxoriy2021_49.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-06-16T06:31:51+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-06-16T06:32:46+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/#\/schema\/person\/a478cd03492de0ffa33336a39f0b5b1c\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=15984&lang=oz#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=15984&lang=oz\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=15984&lang=oz#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/bukhari_buxoriy2021_49.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/bukhari_buxoriy2021_49.jpg\",\"width\":660,\"height\":330},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=15984&lang=oz#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"NOSIRIDDIN SAMARQANDIYNING HANAFIYLIK FIQHI RIVOJIDAGI O\u02bbRNI\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/\",\"name\":\"Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\",\"description\":\"bukhari.uz\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/#\/schema\/person\/a478cd03492de0ffa33336a39f0b5b1c\",\"name\":\"Markaz\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?author=1\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"NOSIRIDDIN SAMARQANDIYNING HANAFIYLIK FIQHI RIVOJIDAGI O\u02bbRNI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=15984&lang=oz","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"NOSIRIDDIN SAMARQANDIYNING HANAFIYLIK FIQHI RIVOJIDAGI O\u02bbRNI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi","og_description":"Movarounnahrning ilmiy markazlaridan biri bo\u02bblgan Samarqandda IX \u2013 XII asrlarda hadis, tafsir va aqoid kabi islomiy ilmlar bilan bir qatorda fiqh ilmi ham nihoyat darajada taraqqiy etgan. 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