{"id":14755,"date":"2021-04-13T11:17:37","date_gmt":"2021-04-13T06:17:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=14755"},"modified":"2021-04-13T11:17:37","modified_gmt":"2021-04-13T06:17:37","slug":"ulamolar-sadrush-shari%ca%bca-ilmiy-unvoni-haqida-nima-d%d0%b5ydi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=14755&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"ULAMOLAR SADRUSH SHARI\u02bcA ILMIY UNVONI HAQIDA NIMA D\u0415YDI?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Buxoro 1219 yilda Chingizxon tomonidan zabt etilgach, xarobaga aylantiriladi. Ibn Battuta ta\u02bckidlab o\u02bbtganidek, u yerdagi masjidlar, madrasalar va bozorlarning aksariyati vayron qilinadi, aholining hayoti qiyinlashadi. Buxorodagi bu notinchlik va beqarorlik mahbubiylar oilasi, ya\u02bcni Ubaydulloh ibn Mas\u02bcud bobolarining Kirmonga ketishiga sabab bo\u02bbladi. Musofir yurtlarda Sadrush shari\u02bcaning ikki bobosi vafot etadi. Shu boisdan Sadrush shari\u02bca Ubaydulloh ibn Mas\u02bcud ham Kirmonda ulg\u02bbayib voyaga yetgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ubaydulloh ibn Mas\u02bcud (vaf.747\/1346) mahbubiylar sulolasining eng yosh vakili bo\u02bblib, manbalarda faqih, usul va jadal ilmi sohibi, muhaddis, mufassir, grammatik olim, adib, mutakallim va mantiqchi sifatida zikr qilinadi.\u00a0 Ubaydulloh o\u02bbz ismidan ko\u02bbra ko\u02bbproq \u201cSadrush shari\u02bca al-asg\u02bbar\u201d ilmiy unvoni bilan mashhur bo\u02bblgan, tanilgan. Shuningdek, fiqih haqida qiziqib, izlanuvchi kitobxon uchun sir emaski, O\u02bbrta asrlarda ilmu ma\u02bcrifati va taqvosi bilan tanilgan ziyolilarni biron ilmiy unvon bilan ulug\u02bblash ommalashgan. Ibn Battuta Xorazm shahriga qilgan safari chog\u02bbida Ubaydulloh ibn Mas\u02bcuddan boshqa din peshvolari ham \u201cSadrush shari\u02bca\u201d unvoni bilan mashhurligiga guvoh bo\u02bblganini izohlab o\u02bbtadi: \u201cBiz Qiyot\u00a0 shahriga yetdik. Yo\u02bblimizda mo\u02bbjaz va chiroyli Qiyotdan o\u02bbzga manzil yo\u02bbq. Biz shahar mavzeida muzlab qolgan hovuz yonida to\u02bbxtadik. Bolalar muz ustida sirpanib o\u02bbynardi. Qiyot shahri qozisi Sadrush shari\u02bca bizning kelganimizni eshitib, o\u02bbz shogirdlari hamda shaharning solih va obid shayxlaridan biri Mahmud Xivaqiy qurshovida qutlashga keldi\u201d .<\/span><\/p>\n

Tarixchilarning aytishicha, bu kabi unvonlarning berilishiga sabab Xuroson va movarounnahrliklar boshqa mintaqadagilarga nisbatan o\u02bbzini yuqori olib, din peshvolarini ulug\u02bblab, \u201cShamsul aimma\u201d, \u201cFaxrul islom\u201d, \u201cSadrul islom\u201d, \u201cSadru jahon\u201d, \u201cTojush shari\u02bca\u201d, \u201cBurhonush shari\u02bca\u201d va \u201cSadrush shari\u02bca\u201d kabi unvonlar bilan murojaat qilgan. Iroqliklar esa, din peshvolarining hunari, mahallasi, qishlog\u02bbi yoki qabilasiga nisbat berib, \u201cJassos\u201d, \u201cQuduriy\u201d, \u201cKarxiy\u201d, \u201cSaymariy\u201d kabi unvonlar bilan atashni afzal ko\u02bbrgan. Bu kabi unvon bilan nomlash odati nafaqat mahbubiylar sulolasi yashagan davr, balki undan keyingi asrlarda ham urf bo\u02bblgan. Ammo ulardan oldingi davrlarda unday bo\u02bblmagan\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ammo biz hanafiy ulamolar fiqhiy masalalarda Ubaydulloh ibn Mas\u02bcud va uning bobolarining asarlariga e\u02bctimod qilgani uchun ushbu faxrli unvon bilan atagan, desak, xato bo\u02bblmaydi. Chunki, hanafiy mazhabi ulamolarining kitoblarida \u2013 fiqhga doir bo\u02bblsin, fiqh asoslariga yoki tabaqot kitoblaridan bo\u02bblsin \u2013 Ubaydulloh ibn Mas\u02bcud Sadrush shari\u02bcaning hurmatini o\u02bbz o\u02bbrniga qo\u02bbyib zikr qilibgina qolmay, balki uning sha\u02bcniga olqish va maqtovlar ham keltirgan. Jumladan, bizga ma\u02bclum bo\u02bblgan ayrim taniqli ulamolar o\u02bbz asarlarida Sadrush shari\u02bca haqida bunday fikr-mulohazalar bildirib o\u02bbtgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Kafaviy \u201cKataibu a\u02bclamul axyar\u201d asarida Sadrush shari\u02bcani bunday tavsiflaydi: \u201cU \u2013 barcha ittifoq qilgan imom, omma uchun manfaatli, shariat qonunlari himoyachisi, far\u02bciy va asliy masalalardagi muammolar yechimini topib, mohiyatini bayon qilib bergan allomadir. Far\u02bciy va asliy masalalarning shayxi, aqliy va naqliy ilmlarning bilimdoni, usulshunos faqih, munozarachi hamda xilof ilmi sohibidir. Muhaddis, mufassir va grammatik olim, qalami o\u02bbtkir adib, mutakallim hamda mantiqchi, qadri buyuk, mavqei yuksak, zarbul masal qilinadigan darajadagi alloma, ulug\u02bblikni ota-bobolaridan meros olgan shaxsdir\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Qurashiy \u201cal-Javohirul muziyya\u201d asarida: \u201cU usulchidir hamda turli fanlar sohibi bo\u02bblgan buyuk imomdir\u201d, deya tavsiflaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Taftazoniy aytadi: \u201cU muhaqqiq (tadqiq qiluvchi) olim, diqqat bilan izlanuvchi bilimdon, hidoyat bayrog\u02bbi, ilm ma\u02bcrifat manbasi, aqliy va naqliy ilmlar mezonining boshqaruvchisi, far\u02bciy va asliy ilmlarning tartibga soluvchisi, shariat va islom peshvosidir. Alloh uning darussalomdagi darajasini yuksaltirsin\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ibn Battutaning \u201cSayohatnoma\u201d asarida: \u201cBuxoroda faqih va ulug\u02bb olim Sadrush shari\u02bcani uchratdim. Shu on u Hirotdan kelgan ekan. U solih va fozillardan edi\u201d, deyiladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ibn Qutlubug\u02bba, Ibn Hanaiy va Toshko\u02bbprizoda Sadrush shari\u02bca haqida: \u201cU tadqiqotchi olim va diqqat bilan izlanuvchi bilimdon\u201d, deya ta\u02bcrif beradi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bundan tashqari, Toshko\u02bbprizoda yana qo\u02bbshimcha qilib: \u201cSadrush shari\u02bca rahimahulloh tinim bilmas ulkan ummon, cho\u02bbqqisi hali zabt etilmagan yuksak tog\u02bb edi. Fazilat va ilm tadqiq qilish borasida katta namuna va aniqlik borasida esa ishonchli rishta edi. Alloh taolo uning ruhini shod etsin, jannat bog\u02bblarida uning saroylari ziyoda bo\u02bblsin\u201d, deya qayd etadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ali Qori rahmatullohi alayh: \u201cUlamolarning yetakchisi, fozillar ulug\u02bbi, far\u02bciy va asliy ilmlarni jamlagan va aqliy va naqliy yo\u02bbllarning o\u02bbrtasini birlashtirgan olimdir\u201d, deya ta\u02bckidlaydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba\u02bczi tadqiqotchilar, bu unvon Ubaydulloh ibn Mas\u02bcudning katta bobosi Mahmud Tojush shari\u02bcaning otasi Mavlono Shamsiddin Mahbubiydan meros qolgan, deya talqin qiladi. U zot 1238 yili\u00a0 Buxoroda bo\u02bblib o\u02bbtgan Mahmud Torobiy qo\u02bbzg\u02bbolonining\u00a0 ma\u02bcnaviy boshlig\u02bbi sifatida dong taratgan olim bo\u02bblgan. Buxoro madrasalarida fiqhiy olim bo\u02bblib yetishgan Shamsiddin Mahbubiy 1239-1240 yilda mo\u02bbg\u02bbullar o\u02bbqidan halok bo\u02bblgan. Zamondoshlari uni \u201cSadrush Sharia\u02bc al-avval\u201d, \u201cSadrush Sharia\u02bc al-akbar\u201d kabi faxrli nomlar bilan atagan. Ko\u02bbpgina tarixiy asarlarda Shamsiddin Mahbubiy haqida ham yozilgan bo\u02bblishiga qaramasdan, u zotning hayoti va faoliyati haqida to\u02bbliq ma\u02bclumotlar yo\u02bbq. Qadimgi tarixiy asarlarda Mavlono Shamsiddin Mahbubiyning 1220 yilda Chingizxon Buxoroni bosib olgan, obod va ajoyib go\u02bbzal shaharni xarobaga aylantirgan, uning aholisini shafqatsizlarcha qirg\u02bbin etgan paytlari mo\u02bbg\u02bbullarga qarshi olib borgan pinhoniy va oshkora kurashlari haqida bayon qilinadi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sadrush shari\u02bcaning qo\u02bblida fiqh ilmini o\u02bbrganib ijoza (ruxsat) olgan shaxslardan biri Abu Tohir Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Hasan ibn Ali Tohiriy bo\u02bbladi. Imom Kafaviy Tohiriy haqida bunday deydi: \u201cU fatvo hay\u02bcatining ulug\u02bblari, hidoyat bayroqlarini yuqori ko\u02bbtarganlarning davomchisi, tariqat sirlarining bilimdoni, haqiqat belgilarini kashf qiluvchi shaxs edi. Fiqh, usul, hadis va tafsir ilmlari bilimdonidir. Dastlab Abu Tohir\u00a0 Sadrush shari\u02bcadan ilm tahsil qilib, 745 yilning zulqa\u02bcda oyida Buxoroda ijoza olgan\u2026\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tarixiy faktlardan ma\u02bclumki, Ubaydulloh ibn Mas\u02bcud shunchaki yoki bobolarining mavqei sabab Sadrush shari\u02bca deb atalmagan. Bu unvonni ayrim shaxslarga o\u02bbxshab o\u02bbziga sharaf bo\u02bblish uchun ham qabul qilmagan. Aksincha, o\u02bbtkir aqlu zakovati, ommaning hurmati va ilmiy doiralarning e\u02bctirofi bois shu nomga sazovor bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
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    Abdulhakim Shar\u02bciy Juzjoniy. \u201cIslom huquqshunosligi\u201d. T.: T.I.U. 2002. B.175.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
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    Ibn Battuta. Sayohatnoma. T.: Sharq. 2012. \u2013 B. 366; \/\/ Rihla ibn Battuta. Robat. 1997. \u2013 B. 181.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
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    Umar Rizo Kuhola. Mo\u02bbjamul muallifiyn. Bayrut. Maktabatul musanna. 2008. \u2013 J.6. \u2013 B.246; \/\/ Mavsu\u02bca Fiqhiyya Kuvaytiyya. Kuvayt. Darulsalasil. 2006. \u2013 J. 3. \u2013 B. 361.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
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    Qiyot (al-Kot) Amudaryoning o\u02bbng sohilidagi shahar. X asrda Xorazm poytaxti bo\u02bblib, Xorazm deb ham atalardi.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
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    Ibn Battuta. Sayohatnoma. T.: Sharq. 2012. \u2013 B. 365; Rihla ibn Battuta. Robat. 1997. \u2013 B.180.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
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    Saloh Muhammad. Sharhul viqoya va Ma\u02bcahu muntaho an-niqoya a\u02bcla Sharhil viqoya. \u201cMuassasatul varroq\u201d. Iordaniya. 2006. \u2013 B.27.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
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    Ubaydulloh ibn Mas\u02bcud. \u201cMuxtasarul viqoya\u201d. T.: Cho\u02bblpon. 1994. B.2.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n
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    Toshko\u02bbprizoda. Miftahus sa\u02bcoda va misbahus siyada fi mavzu\u02bcatil ulum. Bayrut. Dorul kutubil ilmiyya. J.2. \u2013B.171.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    Abduvohid O\u02bbROZOV,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi ilmiy xodimi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Buxoro 1219 yilda Chingizxon tomonidan zabt etilgach, xarobaga aylantiriladi. Ibn Battuta ta\u02bckidlab o\u02bbtganidek, u yerdagi masjidlar, madrasalar va bozorlarning aksariyati vayron qilinadi, aholining hayoti qiyinlashadi. Buxorodagi bu notinchlik va beqarorlik mahbubiylar oilasi, ya\u02bcni Ubaydulloh ibn Mas\u02bcud bobolarining Kirmonga ketishiga sabab bo\u02bbladi. Musofir yurtlarda Sadrush shari\u02bcaning ikki bobosi vafot etadi. Shu boisdan Sadrush shari\u02bca Ubaydulloh ibn …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14752,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[650],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nULAMOLAR SADRUSH SHARI\u02bcA ILMIY UNVONI HAQIDA NIMA D\u0415YDI? - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=14755&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ULAMOLAR SADRUSH SHARI\u02bcA ILMIY UNVONI HAQIDA NIMA D\u0415YDI? - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Buxoro 1219 yilda Chingizxon tomonidan zabt etilgach, xarobaga aylantiriladi. Ibn Battuta ta\u02bckidlab o\u02bbtganidek, u yerdagi masjidlar, madrasalar va bozorlarning aksariyati vayron qilinadi, aholining hayoti qiyinlashadi. Buxorodagi bu notinchlik va beqarorlik mahbubiylar oilasi, ya\u02bcni Ubaydulloh ibn Mas\u02bcud bobolarining Kirmonga ketishiga sabab bo\u02bbladi. Musofir yurtlarda Sadrush shari\u02bcaning ikki bobosi vafot etadi. 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