{"id":14453,"date":"2021-03-27T10:40:32","date_gmt":"2021-03-27T05:40:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=14453"},"modified":"2021-03-26T18:41:44","modified_gmt":"2021-03-26T13:41:44","slug":"shamsulaimma-saraxsiy-hayoti-va-ilmiy-m%d0%b5rosi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=14453&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"SHAMSULAIMMA SARAXSIY HAYOTI VA ILMIY M\u0415ROSI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hanafiy mazhabining buyuk faqihlaridan biri Shamsulaimma Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Abu Sahl Saraxsiy 1009 yili Saraxsda tug\u02bbilgan. U ustozi Halvoiydan so\u02bbng \u201cShamsulaimma\u201d (\u201cImomlar quyoshi\u201d) unvoniga sazovar bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu davrda Movarounnahrda qoraxoniylar (927\u20131212) sulolasi hukmronlik qilardi. Alloma yoshlik chog\u02bbidan ilmga qiziqqan va o\u02bbtkir zehnli bo\u02bblgan. Saraxsda boshlang\u02bbich diniy ta\u02bclimni olib, Qur\u02bconi karimni to\u02bbliq yod olgan, hadis, sarfu nahv (grammatika), balog\u02bbat ilmlarini egallagan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Keyinchalik u Movarounnahrning turli shaharlarida, jumladan, Samarqand va Buxoroda ilmini boyitgan. Buxoroda uzoq muddat yashagan. Bu yerda Abu Muhammad Abdulaziz ibn Ahmad Buxoriydan (1057) fiqh, usuli fiqh, hadis, kalom, tafsir ilmlaridan dars olgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

U Buxoroda Shamsulaimma Halvoniy (vaf.1057-y), Shayxulislom Ali Sug\u02bbdiy (vaf.1069-y) va Abu Hafs Umar ibn Mansur Bazzozdan ilm o\u02bbrgangan[1]<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Imom Saraxsiyning hayotida turli noxushliklar ham sodir bo\u02bblgan. Tuhmatchi-hasadgo\u02bbylar hayit kunida qoraxoniy hukmdor Ibrohimxon sha\u02bcniga tegadigan yomon so\u02bbzlar bilan Saraxsiyni qoraladilar. Ibrohimxon uni Buxorodan O\u02bbzganga surgun qildi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu haqda quyidagicha keltirilgan: \u201cSaraxsiy Movarounnahrning Farg\u02bbona vodiysidagi O\u02bbzgand shahriga ko\u02bbchib bordi. U yerda xoqonning saroyida istiqomat qildi. Imom Saraxsiy \u201choqonning iddasi chiqmagan ayolga uylanishi harom\u201d deb fatvo chiqargani uchun hijriy 466-yilda zindonga solindi\u201d[2]<\/a>. U yerda o\u02bbn besh yil bandi bo\u02bbldi. Tarixiy ma\u02bclumotlarda alloma o\u02bbzining mashhur \u201cAl-mabsut\u201d asarini qamoqda shogirdlariga yoddan aytib yozdirgani qayd etilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shamsulaimma Saraxsiy Imom Shofe\u02bciyga qaraganda o\u02bbn barobar ko\u02bbp matnlarni bilardi[3]<\/a>. U o\u02bbzining ma\u02bclumotlarini hisoblab ko\u02bbrganda 12000 jildga yetgan ekan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mahmud ibn Abdulaziz O\u02bbzgandiy, Ruknuddin Mas\u02bcud ibn Hasan, Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ibrohim Hasiriy (vaf. 1107 y), Abu Amr Usmon ibn Ali Baykandiy (vaf.1158 y), Abu Muhammad Abdulaziz ibn Umar Moza (vaf. 1111 y) kabilar Saraxsiyning shogirdlari bo\u02bblishgan. Burhoniddin Marg\u02bbinoniyning ilk ustozi, bobosi Abu Hafs Umar ibn Habib (vaf. 1141 y) ham olimning shogirdi bo\u02bblgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Saraxsiy \u201cAl-mabsut\u201d, \u201cUsulul-fiqh\u201d (\u201cFiqh nazariyasi\u201d), \u201cSharhi kitobi siyari kabir\u201d (\u201cKatta siyrat kitobining sharhi\u201d). \u201cAshrotus soat\u201d (\u201cQiyomat shartlari\u201d), \u201cSharh kitoban nafaqot lil Xassof\u201d (\u201cXassofning \u201cNafaqalar kitobi\u201dga sharh\u201d), \u201cSharh adabul qoziy lil Xassof\u201d (\u201cXassofning \u201cQozilik adabi\u201diga sharh\u201d), \u201cSharhul jomi\u02bcil kabir\u201d (\u201cKatta majmuaga sharh\u201d), \u201cSharhul jomi\u02bcus sag\u02bbir\u201d (\u201cKichik majmuaga sharh\u201d), \u201cAl-favoidul fiqhiyya\u201d (\u201cFiqhga doir foydalar\u201d), \u201cKitobul hayz\u201d (\u201cHayz kitobi\u201d), \u201cSharh Muxtasar at-Tahoviy\u201d (\u201cTahoviyning Muxtasariga sharh\u201d) kabi qimmatli asarlarni yozgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhammad Shayboniyning \u201czohir ar-rivoya\u201d turkumiga kiruvchi oltita kitobi mo\u02bbtabar hisoblanadi. Mazkur asarlarning eng muhim qoidalarini keyinchalik Abul Fazl Marvaziy o\u02bbzining \u201cAl-kofi\u201d kitobida umumlashtirgan. Shamsulaimma Saraxsiy esa bu kitobni batafsil sharhlovchi \u201cAl-mabsut\u201d asarini yaratgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cAl-mabsut\u201d hanafiylik mazhabiga oid eng obro\u02bbli asarlardan biri deb tan olindi[4]<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alloma \u201cSohibul Mabsut\u201d nomi bilan ham mashhur bo\u02bblgan. Ushbu kitob haqida Ibrohim ibn Ali Tartusiy (vaf. 1357 y.): \u201cSaraxsiyning \u201cMabsut\u201d asari shunday bir kitobki, unga zid bo\u02bblgan boshqa fiqhiy qoidaga amal qilinmaydi, ungagina ishoniladi, uning asosidagina fatvo chiqarilib, unga asosan ta\u02bcvil qilinadi\u201d, deb yozgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Abu Rayhon Beruniy nomidagi SHQMning nodir manbalar fondida \u201cMabsut\u201d asarining turli asrlarda kotiblar tomonidan ko\u02bbchirilgan sakkizta qo\u02bblyozma nusxasi saqlanmoqda[5]<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Asar ilk bor 1906-1913 yillari Qohirada Muhammad Roziy Hanafiy va bir guruh olimlar tomonidan 30 jildda nashr etilgan. Ikkinchi marta 2001 yili Bayrutda Abu Abdulloh Muhammad Hasan Ismoil Shofe\u02bciy tomonidan chop etilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ma\u02bclumotlarga ko\u02bbra, Abu Bakr Saraxsiy \u201cSharhus siyaril kabir\u201d asarining \u201cBob ash-shurut\u201dgacha bo\u02bblgan qismini tutqunlikda, o\u02bbta og\u02bbir sharoitlarda ta\u02bclif etgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSharhus siyaril kabir\u201d asari hanafiylik fiqhi asoschilaridan bo\u02bblgan va islom xalqaro huquqining shakllanishida katta rol o\u02bbynagan olim Muhammad ibn Hasan Shayboniyning \u201cAs-siyarul kabir\u201d asari sharhidan iborat.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSharhus siyaril kabir\u201d 1825 yil Yevropada nashr qilinganidan keyin G\u02bbarb olimlari ham islom xalqaro huquqi masalalariga qiziqa boshlagan va Abu Bakr Saraxsiyning ilmiy maqomini e\u02bctirof etgan. Asar 1917 yilda to\u02bbrt jildda Hindistonning Haydarobod shahrida ham nashr etilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Arab davlatlari uyushmasi qo\u02bblyozmalar ma\u02bchadi tomonidan \u201cSharhus siyaril kabir\u201dning 28 ta qo\u02bblyozmasi topilgan. Ulardan oltitasini asos qilib doktor Salohiddin Munajjid tomonidan tayyorlangan nusxa kitob shaklida 1971 yili Qohirada chop qilingan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Saraxsiy hayotining oxirgi yillarini Balxda o\u02bbtkazdi. Uning vafot etgan yili haqida turli ma\u02bclumotlar bor.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe Biographical Encyclopedia of Islamic philosophy\u201d kitobida: \u201cShamsulaimma Abu Sahl Muhammad ibn Ahmad Saraxsiy 1009-yil Mashhad va Marv oralig\u02bbidagi Saraxs hududida tug\u02bbilgan va 1090 yilda Farg\u02bbonada vafot etgan. O\u02bbn besh yil davomida O\u02bbzganda qamoqda yotgan\u201d,[6]<\/a>\u00a0deb keltirilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ammo Balxlik Safiyuddin Voiz Balxiy 1213-1214 yillarda yozilgan \u201cFazoili Balx\u201d (\u201cBalx fazilatlari\u201d) asarida alloma 1094 yili Balxda vafot etgani va Navbahor nomli qabristonga dafn qilingani, qabriga yozilgan sanani o\u02bbz ko\u02bbzi bilan ko\u02bbrganini qayd qilgan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ravshan ELMURODOV<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
ilmiy\u00a0xodimi<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
[1]<\/a>\u00a0A.Sarsenbayev. M.Atayev. Movarounnahr faqihlari. T:.\u201cMovarounnahr\u201d,2011. \u2013 B.26.<\/span><\/div>\n
[2]<\/a>\u00a0Shayx Muhammad Sodiq Muhammad Yusuf. Fiqhiy yo\u02bbnalishlar va kitoblar. \u2012 T.: \u201cSHARQ\u201d nashriyoti, 2011. \u2012 B.153.<\/span><\/div>\n
[3]<\/a>\u00a0A.K.Muminov. Xanafitskiy mazxabv istorii Sentralnoy Azii. Almat\u044b:.Qazaq ensiklopediyas\u044b, 2015. \u2013B.148.<\/span><\/div>\n
[4]<\/a>\u00a0Islom ensiklopediyasi. \u201cO\u02bbzbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi\u201d Davlat ilmiy nashriyoti, 2004. \u2013 B.83.<\/span><\/div>\n
[5]<\/a>\u00a0O\u02bbrta asr sharq allomalari ensiklopidiyasi. Samarqand: Imom Buxoriy xalqaro markazi, 2016. \u2012 B.351.<\/span><\/div>\n
[6]<\/a>\u00a0O.Leaman. The Biographical Encyclopedia of Islamic philosophy. \u2012 London: \u201cBloomsbury\u201d, 2015. \u2013 B.442.<\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hanafiy mazhabining buyuk faqihlaridan biri Shamsulaimma Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Abu Sahl Saraxsiy 1009 yili Saraxsda tug\u02bbilgan. U ustozi Halvoiydan so\u02bbng \u201cShamsulaimma\u201d (\u201cImomlar quyoshi\u201d) unvoniga sazovar bo\u02bblgan. Bu davrda Movarounnahrda qoraxoniylar (927\u20131212) sulolasi hukmronlik qilardi. Alloma yoshlik chog\u02bbidan ilmga qiziqqan va o\u02bbtkir zehnli bo\u02bblgan. Saraxsda boshlang\u02bbich diniy ta\u02bclimni olib, Qur\u02bconi karimni to\u02bbliq yod …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14451,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[650],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nSHAMSULAIMMA SARAXSIY HAYOTI VA ILMIY M\u0415ROSI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=14453&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SHAMSULAIMMA SARAXSIY HAYOTI VA ILMIY M\u0415ROSI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hanafiy mazhabining buyuk faqihlaridan biri Shamsulaimma Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Abu Sahl Saraxsiy 1009 yili Saraxsda tug\u02bbilgan. U ustozi Halvoiydan so\u02bbng \u201cShamsulaimma\u201d (\u201cImomlar quyoshi\u201d) unvoniga sazovar bo\u02bblgan. Bu davrda Movarounnahrda qoraxoniylar (927\u20131212) sulolasi hukmronlik qilardi. Alloma yoshlik chog\u02bbidan ilmga qiziqqan va o\u02bbtkir zehnli bo\u02bblgan. 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