{"id":14054,"date":"2021-02-24T10:46:29","date_gmt":"2021-02-24T05:46:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bukhari.uz\/?p=14054"},"modified":"2021-02-24T10:46:29","modified_gmt":"2021-02-24T05:46:29","slug":"nosiruddin-samarqandiyning-ilmiy-m%d0%b5rosi-va-riyozatu-l-axloq-asarining-tarbiyaviy-ahamiyati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=14054&lang=oz","title":{"rendered":"NOSIRUDDIN SAMARQANDIYNING ILMIY M\u0415ROSI VA \u201cRIYOZATU-L-AXLOQ\u201d ASARINING TARBIYAVIY AHAMIYATI"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sharqning gavhari, yer yuzining sayqali, umumjahon tamaddunining beshiklaridan biri hisoblangan Samarqand nafaqat o\u02bbzining go\u02bbzal osori-atiqalari, tarixiy obidalari, balki shu bilan birga, ilmiy-ma\u02bcnaviy merosi bilan ham mashhurdir. Bu zamindan diniy va dunyoviy ilmlar sohasida ko\u02bbplab yetuk olimlar yetishib chiqqan. Ayniqsa, Samarqandda IX \u2013 XII asrlarda hadis, tafsir, fiqh va aqoid kabi islomiy ilmlar nihoyat darajada taraqqiy etgan. Asli ismi Abulqosim Muhammad ibn Yusuf Hasaniy Alaviy Madaniy bo\u02bblgan Nosiruddin Samarqandiy ham shu davrda samarali ijod qilgan allomalar jumlasidandir. Uning kunyasi \u2013 Abulqosim, ya\u02bcni Qosimning otasi, taxallusi \u2014 Nosiruddin (Dinning yordamchisi). \u201cHasaniy\u201d so\u02bbzi esa, Hofizuddin Nasafiyning fikriga ko\u02bbra, olimning Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abu Tolib roziyallohu anhu avlodidan ekanligini anglatadi. Demak, u asli arab, quraysh qabilasidan bo\u02bblgan. Shuningdek, Ali ibn Abu Tolib (r.a.)ga nisbat berilib, yana \u201cAlaviy\u201d ham deyilgan. Olim Madinai munavvarada ma\u02bclum bir muddat istiqomat kilganligi sababli, uning ismiga Madaniy nisbasi ham qo\u02bbshilgan. Tug\u02bbilib o\u02bbsgan va yashagan joyiga nisbat berilib Samarqandiy ham deyiladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Allomaning tarjimai holiga oid yozma manbalarda, afsuski uning tavallud sanasi haqida ma\u02bclumot keltirilmagan. Uning vafot etgan sanasi xususida ham bir qadar ixtiloflar mavjud. Allomaning o\u02bbzi \u201cal-Multaqot\u201d asarining yakunida ushbu asarni hijriy 554 yil sha\u02bcbon oyining oxirida (melodiy 1159 y.), \u201dJomi\u02bcu-l-fatovo \u02bbni esa h.549 y. jumodu-l-uvlo oyida (m.1154y.da) tamomlaganini zikr etgan. Bundan uning h.556y. (m.1161y.)da vafot etganligi ayon bo\u02bbladi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nosiruddin yoshligidan ziyrak va ilmga chanqoq bo\u02bblgan. Ilmning turli sohalari bo\u02bbyicha zamonasining yetuk olimlaridan saboq olgan. Ilk saboqni o\u02bbz yurtida olgan olim keyinchalik, ilm talabida qator mamlakatlarga safar qilgan. Jumladan, manbalarda allomaning Bag\u02bbdodda bir qancha vaqt yashagani keltirilgan. Bundan tashqari, Imom Nosiruddin hijriy 535 yil (1141m.y.) dan to h.543 yil (1148m.y.)gacha 8 yil mobaynida diniy bilimlarning markazlari hisoblangan Marv, Bag\u02bbdod, Makka va Madina shaharlarida bo\u02bblib, ko\u02bbplab ustozlardan ta\u02bclim olgan va dunyoning aksar olimlari guvohlik berganidek, musulmon olamidagi mashhur allomalardan biriga aylangan. Imom Qurashiy \u201cal-Ansob\u201d asarining muallifi Abu Sa\u02bcd Abdulkarim ibn Muhammad Sam\u02bconiydan naql qilib keltirishicha, \u201cNosiruddin Samarqandiy zamonasining yetuk imomi, fozili, mufassiri, muhaddisi, faqihi va voiz olimi\u201d hisoblangan. Majduddin Feruzobodiy ham yuqoridagilarga hamohang fikr bildirgan. Shayx Muhammad ibn Sulaymon Kafaviy esa, Nosiruddin Samarqandiy haqidagi o\u02bbz mulohazalarini quyidagicha ifodalagan: \u201cU buyuk imom, qadr-qimmati baland, sha\u02bcni ulug\u02bb, martabasi yuksak, ilmda tengsiz, amali go\u02bbzal, shuhrati porlagan, ilm va odob bobida o\u02bbz davrining yetakchisidir\u201d. Shayx Abdulhay Laknaviy ham bunga hamfikrdir: \u201cU imom, kuchli olim, odobda davrining yetakchisi va o\u02bbz zamonasining mujtahididir\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nosiruddin Samarqandiy o\u02bbzidan bebaho meros qoldirgan. U ta\u02bclif etgan asarlarning aksariyati bizgacha yetib kelganligi quvonarli hol, albatta. Ulumu-l-Qur\u02bcon, kalom, fiqh, odob-axloq, grammatika va tarixga doir bu asarlarning nodir qo\u02bblyozma nusxalari dunyodagi turli kutubxona fondlarida saqlanadi:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Qur\u02bconiy ilmlarga oid \u201cal-Ihqoq\u201d\u00a0 risolasi;<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. \u201cAl-Fiqh an-nofi\u02bc (Foydali fiqh)\u201d risolasi, nomidan ko\u02bbrinib turganidek, fiqh ilmiga oid eng mashhur asarlardan hisoblanadi. Bu asarlar Saudiya Arabistoni \u201cal-Malik Saud\u201d universiteti professori Doktor Ibrohim Muhammad Abbud tomonidan tadqiq etilib, izohlari bilan 2000 yili qaytadan nashr qilingan;<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. \u201cAl-Mabsut (Keng qamrovli)\u201d asari ham \u2013 fiqhiy asar. Aslida, hanafiya mazhabida \u201cal-Mabsut\u201d nomli bir nechta asarlar ta\u02bclif etilgan bo\u02bblib, ularning orasida Nosiruddin Samarqandiyning \u201cal-Mabsut\u201d asari ham alohida o\u02bbrin tutadi;<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. \u201cAl-Multaqot fi fiqhi-l-hanafiy\u201d (\u201cHanafiy fatvolar haqida yig\u02bbma kitob\u201d) hanafiy fiqhga oid masalalarning yoritilishiga bag\u02bbishlangan yana bir muhim asar hisoblanadi. U keyinchalik, misrlik olimlar tomonidan tadqiq qilinib, izohlar bilan qayta nashr qilingan. Bu esa ushbu asarning hanafiy olimlar nazdida katta ahamiyatga ega ekanligini bildiradi.<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Nosiruddin Samarqandiyning \u201cJomi\u02bcu-l-fatovo\u201d yoki \u201cal-Jomi\u02bc al-kabir (fi-l-fatovo\u201d (\u201cFatvolar bo\u02bbyicha katta to\u02bbplam\u201d) asarini alloma Hoji Xalifa\u00a0\u201c<\/em>Bu kitobning juda mo\u02bbtabar va foydali\u201d deya alohida qayd etgan;<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. \u201cXulosatu-l-muftiy\u201d, (\u201cMuftiylar xulosasi\u201d) fatvoga oid;<\/span><\/li>\n
  7. \u201cMasobihu-s-subul\u201d (\u201cYo\u02bbllarning chiroqlari\u201d) 2 jilddan iborat;<\/span><\/li>\n
  8. \u201cal-Qonun\u201d (\u02bbQonun\u201d);<\/span><\/li>\n
  9. \u201cal-Manshur\u201d (\u201cTarqatish\u201d) ;<\/span><\/li>\n
  10. \u201cKitobu-l-vofiy\u201d (\u201cIshonchli kitob\u201d);<\/span><\/li>\n
  11. \u201d Riyozatu-l-axloq (\u201cAxloq tarbiyasidagi mashaqqatlar\u201d) axloqqa oid;<\/span><\/li>\n
  12. \u201cBulug\u02bbu-l-irbi min tahqiqi istiorati-l-arab\u201d (\u201cArablarning istioralarini o\u02bbrganishda mahoratga erishish\u201d) grammatikaga oid;<\/span><\/li>\n
  13. \u201cTarixu Balx\u201d (\u201cBalx tarixi\u201d) tarixga doir kabi asarlarni ham ta\u02bclif etgan10<\/sup>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Allomaning bizgacha yetib kelmagan asarlarini topib, ularni keng afkor omma e\u02bctiboriga havola qilish ustida izlanishlar olib borilmoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Qobilov Nodir,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot\u00a0 markazi ilmiy xodimi.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    Yoqubjon\u00a0 Mansurov,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    O\u02bbzbekiston Musulmonlari idorasi Samarqand viloyat vakilligi o\u02bbrinbosari.<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    \u00a0<\/div>\n
    davomi bor.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Sharqning gavhari, yer yuzining sayqali, umumjahon tamaddunining beshiklaridan biri hisoblangan Samarqand nafaqat o\u02bbzining go\u02bbzal osori-atiqalari, tarixiy obidalari, balki shu bilan birga, ilmiy-ma\u02bcnaviy merosi bilan ham mashhurdir. Bu zamindan diniy va dunyoviy ilmlar sohasida ko\u02bbplab yetuk olimlar yetishib chiqqan. Ayniqsa, Samarqandda IX \u2013 XII asrlarda hadis, tafsir, fiqh va aqoid kabi islomiy ilmlar nihoyat darajada taraqqiy …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[650],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nNOSIRUDDIN SAMARQANDIYNING ILMIY M\u0415ROSI VA \u201cRIYOZATU-L-AXLOQ\u201d ASARINING TARBIYAVIY AHAMIYATI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bukhari.uz\/?p=14054&lang=oz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"NOSIRUDDIN SAMARQANDIYNING ILMIY M\u0415ROSI VA \u201cRIYOZATU-L-AXLOQ\u201d ASARINING TARBIYAVIY AHAMIYATI - Imom Buxoriy xalqaro ilmiy-tadqiqot markazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sharqning gavhari, yer yuzining sayqali, umumjahon tamaddunining beshiklaridan biri hisoblangan Samarqand nafaqat o\u02bbzining go\u02bbzal osori-atiqalari, tarixiy obidalari, balki shu bilan birga, ilmiy-ma\u02bcnaviy merosi bilan ham mashhurdir. 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